任何语言的语法规范至关重要，特别是在团队协作过程中。

以下以php的laravel框架为主，通过git的pre-commit钩子(hooks)来实现php语法规范检测。

其流程无非是

1. 添加语法检测器
2. 添加配置pre-commit(在git执行git commit操作开始前所执行的脚本)

开始

1. 使用composer安装php_codesniffer

   composer global require "squizlabs/php_codesniffer=*" --dev
   

2. 添加pre-commit
   使用s0enke大神的git-hooks ，将pre-commit (文件名没有任何后缀)下载到本地项目的.git/hooks/下

3. 配置pre-commit

   修改pre-commit配置信息如下：

   // 检测程序
   PHPCS_BIN=./vendor/bin/phpcs
   // 检测php语法标准
   PHPCS_CODING_STANDARD=PSR2
   /// 忽略检测文件
   PHPCS_IGNORE="*.blade.php,*.js,*.css"
   

   修改pre-commit权限(很重要)

   chmod -R 755 .git/hooks/pre-commit
   

其他

1. Php-psr2规范检测

2. pre-commit文件代码(为了方便读者使用)

   #!/bin/bash
   # PHP CodeSniffer pre-commit hook for git
   #
   # @author Soenke Ruempler <soenke@ruempler.eu>
   # @author Sebastian Kaspari <s.kaspari@googlemail.com>
   #
   # see the README
   
   PHPCS_BIN=./vendor/bin/phpcs
   PHPCS_CODING_STANDARD=PSR2
   PHPCS_IGNORE="*.blade.php,*.js,*.css"
   TMP_STAGING=".tmp_staging"
   
   # parse config
   CONFIG_FILE=$(dirname $0)/config
   if [ -e $CONFIG_FILE ]; then
       . $CONFIG_FILE
   fi
   
   # simple check if code sniffer is set up correctly
   if [ ! -x $PHPCS_BIN ]; then
       echo "PHP CodeSniffer bin not found or executable -> $PHPCS_BIN"
       exit 1
   fi
   
   # stolen from template file
   if git rev-parse --verify HEAD
   then
       against=HEAD
   else
       # Initial commit: diff against an empty tree object
       against=897dfbffbfe18a52174d999c6d83bd16219d6e08
   fi
   
   # this is the magic: 
   # retrieve all files in staging area that are added, modified or renamed
   # but no deletions etc
   FILES=$(git diff-index --name-only --cached --diff-filter=ACMR $against -- )
   
   if [ "$FILES" == "" ]; then
       exit 0
   fi
   
   # create temporary copy of staging area
   if [ -e $TMP_STAGING ]; then
       rm -rf $TMP_STAGING
   fi
   mkdir $TMP_STAGING
   
   # match files against whitelist
   FILES_TO_CHECK=""
   for FILE in $FILES
   do
       echo "$FILE" | egrep -q "$PHPCS_FILE_PATTERN"
       RETVAL=$?
       if [ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" ]
       then
           FILES_TO_CHECK="$FILES_TO_CHECK $FILE"
       fi
   done
   
   if [ "$FILES_TO_CHECK" == "" ]; then
       exit 0
   fi
   
   # execute the code sniffer
   if [ "$PHPCS_IGNORE" != "" ]; then
       IGNORE="--ignore=$PHPCS_IGNORE"
   else
       IGNORE=""
   fi
   
   if [ "$PHPCS_SNIFFS" != "" ]; then
       SNIFFS="--sniffs=$PHPCS_SNIFFS"
   else
       SNIFFS=""
   fi
   
   if [ "$PHPCS_ENCODING" != "" ]; then
       ENCODING="--encoding=$PHPCS_ENCODING"
   else
       ENCODING=""
   fi
   
   if [ "$PHPCS_IGNORE_WARNINGS" == "1" ]; then
       IGNORE_WARNINGS="-n"
   else
       IGNORE_WARNINGS=""
   fi
   
   # Copy contents of staged version of files to temporary staging area
   # because we only want the staged version that will be commited and not
   # the version in the working directory
   STAGED_FILES=""
   for FILE in $FILES_TO_CHECK
   do
     ID=$(git diff-index --cached $against $FILE | cut -d " " -f4)
   
     # create staged version of file in temporary staging area with the same
     # path as the original file so that the phpcs ignore filters can be applied
     mkdir -p "$TMP_STAGING/$(dirname $FILE)"
     git cat-file blob $ID > "$TMP_STAGING/$FILE"
     STAGED_FILES="$STAGED_FILES $TMP_STAGING/$FILE"
   done
   
   OUTPUT=$($PHPCS_BIN -s $IGNORE_WARNINGS --standard=$PHPCS_CODING_STANDARD $ENCODING $IGNORE $SNIFFS $STAGED_FILES)
   RETVAL=$?
   
   # delete temporary copy of staging area
   rm -rf $TMP_STAGING
   
   if [ $RETVAL -ne 0 ]; then
       echo "$OUTPUT" | less
   fi
   
   exit $RETVAL
   

原文地址：http://www.fidding.me/article/48

happy coding!!!