Grueling
extremely tiring and difficult, and demanding great effort and determination
Eg: one thing about Jiro’s restaurant that amazed many viewers was the grueling and detailed basic skills training that Jiro’s apprentices have to go through in order to work at the restaurant.
造句：In order to get through the grueling 10-hour work day in one month, I reward myself a tour for my effort.
Undermine
常指间接地削弱，损害，动摇某人的地位或权威；If you undermine someone or undermine their position or authority, you make their authority or position less secure, often by indirect methods.
Eg: That conversation then gave me the opportunity to assure him that allowing me to be a greeter would not undermine him, his customers, or his store.
Dub
给…起绰号;把…称作；If someone or something is dubbed a particular thing, they are given that description or name.
Eg：Langer’s experiment—dubbed ”The Copy Machine”—became a landmark study in psychology.
Pleasantry
轻松诙谐的话；寒暄；客套；Pleasantries are casual, friendly remarks which you make in order to be polite.
Eg: After exchanging a few pleasantries with a hairdresser, I pitched her my request.
Eg: After a few casual pleasantries, I asked how much it would cost for a hair trimming.
Bizarre
奇异的；古怪的；Something that is bizarre is very odd and strange.
Eg: Admittedly, my request was bizarre.
Timing
时机掌握;时间选择；Timing is the skill or action of judging the right moment in a situation or activity at which to do something.
Eg: When that didn’t work out due to unfortunate timing.
造句：Kevin had no doubt that I should strive for higher education. But he thought I need to choose the right timing to do it.
实用表达
We saw people posing for pictures. Many times, the person taking the photo would politely ask strangers to step out of the frame or simply wait until they’d passed by.
（出游时经常发生的一个现象，别人照相时会请你躲开镜头）
I lived in Austin, Texas, a place with a reputation for outgoing, quirky residents.
（我们经常会说的，我生长在一个民风淳朴、热情的小县城）
哲思妙句
It doesn’t matter how amazing your performance or products are, if you target the wrong audience, who don’t recognize, appreciate, or need your value, your effort will be both wasted and rejected.
