// 用数组实现的队列
public class ArrayQueue {
// 数组：items，数组大小：n
private String[] items;
private int n = 0;
// head表示队头下标，tail表示队尾下标
private int head = 0;
private int tail = 0;
// 申请一个大小为capacity的数组
public ArrayQueue(int capacity) {
items = new String[capacity];
n = capacity;
}
// 入队
public boolean enqueue(String item) {
// 如果tail == n 表示队列已经满了
if (tail == n) return false;
items[tail] = item;
++tail;
return true;
}
// 出队
public boolean enqueue(String item) {
// tail == n 表示队列末尾没有空间了
if (tail == n) {
// tail ==n && head==0 ,表示整个队列都占满了
if (head == 0) return false;
// 数据搬移
for (int i = head; i < tail; ++i) {
items[i-head] = items[i];
}
// 搬移完之后重新更新 head 和 tail
tail -= head;
head = 0;
}
items[tail] = item;
++tail;
return true;
}
}
高级的queue
循环队列
阻塞队列
并发队列
queue 典型用例
线程池
/**
* Creates a new {@code ThreadPoolExecutor} with the given initial
* parameters.
*
* @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, even
* if they are idle, unless {@code allowCoreThreadTimeOut} is set
* @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the
* pool
* @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than
* the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads
* will wait for new tasks before terminating.
* @param unit the time unit for the {@code keepAliveTime} argument
* @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they are
* executed. This queue will hold only the {@code Runnable}
* tasks submitted by the {@code execute} method.
* @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor
* creates a new thread
* @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked
* because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if one of the following holds:<br>
* {@code corePoolSize < 0}<br>
* {@code keepAliveTime < 0}<br>
* {@code maximumPoolSize <= 0}<br>
* {@code maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize}
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code workQueue}
* or {@code threadFactory} or {@code handler} is null
*/
public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
int maximumPoolSize,
long keepAliveTime,
TimeUnit unit,
BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
ThreadFactory threadFactory,
RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
keepAliveTime < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
this.acc = System.getSecurityManager() == null ?
null :
AccessController.getContext();
this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
this.workQueue = workQueue;
this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
this.handler = handler;
}
