The Ethical Problem-1

I am speaking of injustice on a large scale; and my meaning will be most clearly seen in autocracy, which by fraud and force takes away the property of others, not retail but wholesale. 

autocracy，独裁

Now when a man has taken away the money of the citizens and made slaves of them, then, instead of swindler and thief he is called happy and blessed by all. 

swindler，骗子

小贼窃屋，大贼窃国

For injustice is censured because those who censure it are afraid of suffering, and not from any scruple they might have of doing injustice themselves".

censure，谴责

scruple，顾虑

This, of course, is the doctrine which our own day more or less correctly associates with the name of Nietzsche. 

"Verily I laughed many a time over the weaklings who thought themselves good because they had lame paws." 

Verily，very much

Stirner expressed the idea briefly when he said that "a handful of might is better than a bagful of right." 

Perhaps nowhere in the history of philosophy is the doctrine better formulated than by Plato himself in another dialogue, Gorgias, where the Sophist Callicles denounces morality as an invention of the weak to neutralize the strength of the strong. 

They distribute praise and censure with a view to their own interests; they say that dishonesty is shameful and unjust—meaning by dishonesty the desire to have more than their neighbors; for knowing their own inferiority, they would be only too glad to have equality... 

But if there were a man who had sufficient force [enter the Superman], he would shake off and break through and escape from all this; he would trample under foot all our formulas and spells and charms, and our laws, that sin against nature... 

He who would truly live ought to allow his desires to wax to the uttermost; but when they have grown to their greatest he should have courage and intelligence to minister to them, and to satisfy all his longings. 

And this I affirm to be natural justice and nobility. 

But the many cannot do this; and therefore they blame such persons, because they are ashamed of their own inability, which they desire to conceal; and hence they call intemperance base... 

They enslave the nobler natures, and they praise justice only because they are cowards. 

[ 00’40” ] fraud (诈骗，欺骗)

[ 01’10” ] swindler (骗子)

[ 01’11” ] thief (小偷，贼)

[ 02’45” ] censure (谴责)

[ 03’01” ] scruple (顾虑)

[ 05’45” ] verily (真正地；真实地)

[ 06’12” ] Stirner (德国哲学家，小资产阶级无政府主义的创始人之一。施蒂纳认为，人都是利己主义者，利己主义是自我意识的本质，是历史发展的趋势和真理。他强调个人绝对自由，反对一切国家、组织和纪律。)

[ 06’55” ] Gorgias (《高尔吉亚篇》为柏拉图离开雅典前所写的最后一篇对话录。柏拉图在这篇对话录中寻求修辞学的真正定义，揭示在那个时代十分流行的雄辩术的不足之处。)

[ 07’02” ] Callicles ( Callicles 是古希腊的一位政治哲学家，他因柏拉图的对话录《高尔吉亚篇》而著名，在对话录中，他是一位年轻的智者学派，柏拉图借 Callicles 之口把道德贬斥为弱者用以抵抗强者的一项发明。)

[ 07’15” ] neutralize (使…中和；使…无效)

[ 09’20” ] only too... to (如此……以致于……)

[ 10’01” ] trample (踩踏)

[ 10’10” ] charms (巫术)

[ 10’35” ] wax (增大)

[ 11’15” ] longing (期待，希望)

[ 11’55” ] conceal (掩盖)

[ 12’12” ] intemperance (没脾气，无气质，谦卑)

[ 12’13” ] temperance (气质)