1.Ping域名、Ping某IP
有时候可能会遇到ping 某个域名或者ip通不通,再做下一步操作。这里的ping与传统的做get或者post请求还是有很大区别的。比如我们连接了某个WiFi,测试ping www.baidu.com,如果能ping 通,基本可以断定可以上网了,但是如果我们做了一个get 请求(url 是www.baidu.com),路由器可能重定向这个WiFi内的某网页了,依然没有错误返回,就会误认为可以正常上网。
这里有关于ping命令的详细解释:百度百科Ping
iOS中想要ping域名或者ip,苹果提供了一个官方例子SimplePing
在例子中,有一个苹果已经封装过的类【SimplePing.h】和【SimplePing.m】
使用起来也相当的简单:
首先创建一个Ping对象:
SimplePing *pinger = [[SimplePing alloc] initWithHostName:self.hostName];
self.pinger = pinger;
pinger.delegate = self;
pinger.addressStyle = SimplePingAddressStyleICMPv4;
[pinger start];
然后在start成功的代理方法中,发送数据报文:
/**
* start成功,也就是准备工作做完后的回调
*/
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didStartWithAddress:(NSData *)address
{
// 发送测试报文数据
[self.pinger sendPingWithData:nil];
}
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@"didFailWithError");
[self.pinger stop];
}
其他几个代理方法也非常简单,就简单记录一下:
// 发送测试报文成功的回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber
{
NSLog(@"#%u sent", sequenceNumber);
}
//发送测试报文失败的回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailToSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber error:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@"#%u send failed: %@", sequenceNumber, error);
}
// 接收到ping的地址所返回的数据报文回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceivePingResponsePacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber
{
NSLog(@"#%u received, size=%zu", sequenceNumber, packet.length);
}
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceiveUnexpectedPacket:(NSData *)packet
{
NSLog(@"#%s",__func__);
}
注意点:
iOS 中 ping失败后(即发送测试报文成功后,一直没后收到响应的报文),不会有任何回调方法告知我们。而一般ping 一次的结果也不太准确,ping 花费的时间也非常短,所以我们一般会ping多次,发送一次ping 测试报文0.5s后检测一下这一次ping是否已经收到响应。0.5s后检测时,如果已经收到响应,则可以ping 通;如果没有收到响应,则视为超时。
做法也有很多种,可以用NSTimer或者 {- (void)performSelector: withObject:afterDelay:}
这里有一个别人写的工程:https://github.com/lovesunstar/STPingTest
2.获取WiFi信息
以前物联网刚火的时候,出现过很多一体式无线路由,所以App里难免会遇到要判断当前所连接的WiFi,以及获取WiFi信息的功能。
需要添加SystemConfiguration.framework 并在当前类中添加代码#import
//获取WiFi 信息,返回的字典中包含了WiFi的名称、路由器的Mac地址、还有一个Data(转换成字符串打印出来是wifi名称)
- (NSDictionary *)fetchSSIDInfo {
NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();
if (!ifs) {
return nil;
}
NSDictionary *info = nil;
for (NSString *ifnam in ifs) {
info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);
if (info && [info count]) { break; }
}
return info;
}
//打印出来的结果:
2016-05-12 15:28:51.674 SimplePing[18883:6790207] WIFI_INFO:{
BSSID = "a4:2b:8c:c:7f:bd";
SSID = bdmy06;
SSIDDATA = ;
}
3.获取WiFi名称
有了上一步,获取WiFi名称就非常简单了。
NSString *WiFiName = info[@"SSID"];
完整的:
- (NSString *)fetchWiFiName {
NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();
if (!ifs) {
return nil;
}
NSString *WiFiName = nil;
for (NSString *ifnam in ifs) {
NSDictionary *info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);
if (info && [info count]) {
// 这里其实对应的有三个key:kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeyBSSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeySSIDData,
// 不过它们都是CFStringRef类型的
WiFiName = [info objectForKey:(__bridge NSString *)kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID];
// WiFiName = [info objectForKey:@"SSID"];
break;
}
}
return WiFiName;
}
4.获取当前所连接WiFi的网关地址
例如自己家的路由器一般默认的网关地址是192.168.1.1,获取的就是这个192.168.1.1。
因为一些商场或者有多个路由器的网关地址是不一样的,比如之前有个公司的网关是192.168.89.1。
需要导入的库:
#import #import #import //此处由于时间原因有所遗忘,后期会给予更改
获取网关的方法
- (NSString *)getGatewayIpForCurrentWiFi {
NSString *address = @"error";
struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;
struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;
int success = 0;
// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success
success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);
if (success == 0) {
// Loop through linked list of interfaces
temp_addr = interfaces;
//*/
while(temp_addr != NULL) {
/*/
int i=255;
while((i--)>0)
//*/
if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone
if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"])
{
// Get NSString from C String //ifa_addr
//ifa->ifa_dstaddr is the broadcast address, which explains the "255's"
// address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];
address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];
//routerIP----192.168.1.255 广播地址
NSLog(@"broadcast address--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)]);
//--192.168.1.106 本机地址
NSLog(@"local device ip--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)]);
//--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址
NSLog(@"netmask--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)]);
//--en0 端口地址
NSLog(@"interface--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name]);
}
}
temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;
}
}
// Free memory
freeifaddrs(interfaces);
in_addr_t i = inet_addr([address cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
in_addr_t* x = &i;
unsigned char *s = getdefaultgateway(x);
NSString *ip=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.%d.%d.%d",s[0],s[1],s[2],s[3]];
free(s);
return ip;
}
其中 getdefaultgateway 是一个C语言文件中的方法,在工程里可以找到。
5.获取本机在WiFi环境下的IP地址
获取本机在WiFi环境下的ip地址,在上一节中其实已经写过,这里将其提取出来即可:
- (NSString *)getLocalIPAddressForCurrentWiFi
{
NSString *address = nil;
struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;
struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;
int success = 0;
// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success
success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);
if (success == 0) {
// Loop through linked list of interfaces
temp_addr = interfaces;
while(temp_addr != NULL) {
if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone
if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"]) {
address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];
return address;
}
}
temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;
}
freeifaddrs(interfaces);
}
return nil;
}
同样的方式也可以获取广播地址、子网掩码、端口等,组装成一个字典。
- (NSMutableDictionary *)getLocalInfoForCurrentWiFi {
NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;
struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;
int success = 0;
// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success
success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);
if (success == 0) {
// Loop through linked list of interfaces
temp_addr = interfaces;
//*/
while(temp_addr != NULL) {
if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone
if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"]) {
//----192.168.1.255 广播地址
NSString *broadcast = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];
if (broadcast) {
[dict setObject:broadcast forKey:@"broadcast"];
}
NSLog(@"broadcast address--%@",broadcast);
//--192.168.1.106 本机地址
NSString *localIp = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];
if (localIp) {
[dict setObject:localIp forKey:@"localIp"];
}
NSLog(@"local device ip--%@",localIp);
//--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址
NSString *netmask = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)];
if (netmask) {
[dict setObject:netmask forKey:@"netmask"];
}
NSLog(@"netmask--%@",netmask);
//--en0 端口地址
NSString *interface = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name];
if (interface) {
[dict setObject:interface forKey:@"interface"];
}
NSLog(@"interface--%@",interface);
return dict;
}
}
temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;
}
}
// Free memory
freeifaddrs(interfaces);
return dict;
}