Day11 单词作业
1. palaeontology
▲ the study of fossils as a way of getting information about the history of life on Earth and the structure of rocks
2. fossil
▲ a bone, a shell or the shape of a plant or animal which has been preserved in rock for a very long period
▲ [informal] [humorous] an old person, especially one who will not accept new ideas
3. condense
▲ [T] to reduce something, such as a speech or piece of writing, in length
I condensed ten pages of comments into/to two.
▲ [T] to make a liquid thicker by removing some of the water
▲ [I or T] to change or make something change from a gas to a liquid or solid state
Water vapour in the air condenses into fog.
4. interstellar
▲ between the stars
interstellar space
5. penetrate
▲ [ Ior T] to move into or through something
Amazingly, the bullet did not penetrate his brain.
▲ [T] If your eyes penetrate somewhere dark, you manage to see through it
Our eyes couldn't penetrate the dark/the gloom of the inner cave.
6. layer
▲ [N] a level of material, such as a type of rock or gas, which is different from the material above or below it, or a thin sheet of a substance
the ozone layer
▲ [V] to arrange something in layers
Layer the pasta with slices of tomato.
7. mound
▲ a large pile of earth, stones, etc. like a small hill
a burial mound(= a place where people were buried in ancient times)
▲ a large pile of something
a mound of potatoes/papers
▲ [BASEBALL] [US] the raised area in baseball from which the pitcher throws the ball
8. photosynthesis
▲ the process by which a plant uses the energy from the light of the sun to produce its own food
9. debut
▲ [N] when someone performs or presents something to the public for the first time
She made her professional stage debut in Swan Lake.
▲ [V] to perform or be introduced to the public for the first time
The programme debuted last year to great acclaim.
10. organism
▲ a single living plant, animal, virus, etc
Amoebae and bacteria are single-celled organisms.
11. intriguing
▲ very interesting because of being unusual or mysterious
an intriguing possibility/question
12. swathe
▲ [C] a long strip or large area especially of land
Huge swathes of rainforest are being cleared for farming and mining.
13. basalt
▲ a type of black rock that comes from a volcano
14. lava
▲ hot liquid rock which comes out of the Earth through a volcano or the solid rock formed when it cools
molten lava 熔岩
15. outcrop
▲ a large rock or group of rocks that sticks out of the ground
16. scrutiny
▲ the careful and detailed examination of something in order to get information about it
The Government's record will be subjected to/come under (close) scrutiny in the weeks before the election.
17. quartz
▲ a hard colourless mineral substance, used in making electronic equipment and accurate watches and clocks
18. vein
▲ [C] a tube that carries blood to the heart from the other parts of the body
▲ [C] the frame of a leaf or an insect's wing
19. nodule
▲ a small raised area or swelling
There was a soft nodule on my vocal cord.
20. micron
▲ 0.000 001 of a metre（微米）
21. rosette
▲ a flower-shaped decorative object cut into wood or stone, or one made of ribbon(= narrow silk strips)worn as a sign that you support a particular team or political party or that you have won a race, etc
The winning horse had a rosette fixed to its bridle.
22. hollow
▲ having a hole or empty space inside
a hollow tube
▲ hollow cheeks/eyes
If someone has hollow cheeks or eyes, their cheeks curve in or their eyes look deep in their head because they are old, tired, or ill.
23. diameter
▲ (the length of) a straight line that reaches from one point on the edge of a round shape or object, through its centre, to a point on the opposite edge
The diameter measures twice the radius.
24. haematite
▲ a common dark red or grey rock from which iron is obtained
25. gradient
▲ how steep a slope is
a steep/gentle gradient
26. iron oxide
▲ 氧化铁
27. filament
▲ a thin thread or fibre of natural or artificial material
Tooth brushes should be replaced when the filaments become worn.
▲ a thin wire, especially one which lights up inside an electric light bulb
a tungsten filament
28. anchor
▲ [I orT] to lower an anchor into the water in order to stop a boat from moving away
▲ [T]to make something or someone stays in one position by fastening them firmly
We anchored ourselves to the rocks with a rope.
29. resemblance
▲ when two people or things look like each other or are similar in some other way
There was a clear family resemblance between all the brothers.
30. cradle
▲ [BED] a small bed for a baby, especially one that swings from side to side
The nurse rocked the cradle.
▲ [TELEPHONE] the object that you put a mobile phone, camera, PDA, etc. into in order to recharge(= put power into)its batteries or connect it to a computer
▲ UK(US scaffold)a frame which hangs on the side of a building, ship, etc. for people to work from
▲ the cradle of sth
the place where something started
Fossil records indicate that Africa was the cradle of early human evolution.
▲from (the) cradle to (the) grave
for all of a person's life
She lived in the same village from the cradle to the grave.
▲[saying]The hand that rocks the cradle (rules the world).
said to emphasise that women have a strong influence on events through their children
31. crenellated
▲ having battlements(= castle walls with regular spaces along the top)
32. tectonic
▲ relating to the structure of the surface of the Earth and the way it is formed, changed and moved by forces inside it
the motion of Earth's tectonic plates(= sections of the planet's surface)
33. remnant
▲ a small piece or amount of something that is left from a larger original piece or amount
the remnants of last night's meal
Day12 神句翻译+思维导图
1. The team contends that / these bear more than a passing resemblance to the networks of bacteria (that live in hydrothermal vents--towering, crenellated structures (that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates, [where superheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed])).
团队认为，它们拥有的不仅是与生活在热泉喷口的细菌网络的相似之处；这些热泉喷口有着高耸的、锯齿状的结构，形成于深海中地壳边界间，高热的矿物质水从海床下面喷发之处。
该团队认为,这些和生活在深海热泉的细菌群落极为相似----深海热泉指的是:深海中构造板块交界边缘上方高耸锯齿型的部分,富含矿物质的水从海底喷涌而出。Bear more than a passing resemblance to: passing指的是过关，及格线，more than a passing resemblance指远超及格线，非常相似。
这句句子结构相当复杂，从句套从句，还是提醒大家牢记就近原则，但是最后一个where打头的从句，前面一个逗号与破折号之间的部分是修饰hydrothermal vents的插入语，所以where修饰的也是hydrothermal vents。大家可以再仔细体会一下。
2. Such a find is doubly intriguing because hydrothermal vents are seen as a plausible candidate for the cradle of life.
这样的发现非常引人注目的，因为人们认为热泉喷口是生命起源之地是有可能的。
人们认为深海热泉很有可能是生命的摇篮，这就使得该发现显得更有意思。
Plausible:有两种意思，一个偏褒义，另一个偏贬义，此处指appearingworthy of belief：eg. the argument was both powerful and plausible褒义
建议大家好好研究下plausible的用法，高频词。
3. Although the sorts of bacteria apparently found by Dr. Papineau and his colleagues are too complicated to reveal much about the very earliest organisms, the suggestion that hydrothermal vents have played host to life for so long is a strike in the theory’s favour.
尽管Papineau博士和同事发现的细菌显然过于复杂，难以显示最早的生物体，但热泉喷口是生命起源之地的观点是这一理论的一个支撑点。
尽管P教授和同事们发现的这类细菌太过复杂，无法更深入的揭示早期生命体的情况，但依然表明深海热泉养育生命的历史甚为悠久，这是支撑该理论的有力依据。
Too....to...太......以致不能......You are too young to drive.你太年轻，还不能开车。
ps: 这几天太忙了quq，有时间再补上思维导图！今天的翻译也好难！哭/(ㄒoㄒ)/~~
Day13 总结回顾
……岂可修，论文还没写完！文章也没有细读，还有很多地方不甚理解。但看了笃师的注释之后终于对那三个句子有了比较深的理解——应该说终于读懂了……
anyway，又留下了一个小尾巴，明早早读的时候再读读看——！
