（五）Spring Cloud Config配置中心

Spring Cloud Config项目是一个解决分布式系统的配置管理方案。它包含了Client和Server两个部分，server提供配置文件的存储、以接口的形式将配置文件的内容提供出去，client通过接口获取数据、并依据此数据初始化自己的应用。
首先在github上面创建一个文件夹springcloud-config用来存放配置文件：

springcloud-config-dev.properties：开发环境
springcloud-config-test.properties：测试环境
springcloud-config-prod.properties：生产环境

每个配置文件中都写一个属性springcloud.hello,属性值分别是 hello dev/test/pro

配置Server端

（1）pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>config-server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

（2）application.yml

server:
  port: 8097
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-config-server
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        git:
          uri: https://github.com/xxx/springcloud-config # git仓库的地址
          # search-paths:   # 仓库文件夹名称，多个以逗号分隔
          username:  #Git仓库用户名
          password:  #Git仓库密码
          default-label: main

Spring Cloud Config也提供本地存储配置的方式。我们只需要设置属性spring.profiles.active=native，Config Server会默认从应用的src/main/resource目录下检索配置文件。
（3）启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

访问http://localhost:8097/springcloud-config-dev.properties，返回：springcloud.hello: hello dev

Client端

（1）pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>config-client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

（2）这里配置文件分两个，application.yml和bootstrap.properties
application.yml如下：

server:
  port: 8098
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-config-client

bootstrap.properties如下：

spring.cloud.config.name=springcloud-config
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
spring.cloud.config.uri=http://localhost:8097/
spring.cloud.config.label=main

spring.cloud.config.name：对应{application}部分
spring.cloud.config.profile：对应{profile}部分
spring.cloud.config.label：对应git的分支。如果配置中心使用的是本地存储，则该参数无用
spring.cloud.config.uri：配置中心的具体地址
spring.cloud.config.discovery.service-id：指定配置中心的service-id，便于扩展为高可用配置集群。
（3）启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
    }

}

（4）访问类

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    // 使用@Value注解来获取server端参数的值
    @Value("${springcloud.hello}")
    private String hello;

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String from() {
        return this.hello;
    }
}

启动client端，访问链接：http://localhost:8081/hello，返回：hello dev update，说明已经正确的从server端获取到了参数。

（五）Spring Cloud Config配置中心