记一次docker学习笔记

安装

参照：https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-install-centos.html
命令大全：https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-command-manual.html

常用操作

1. 容器管理

查看运行容器

docker ps

查看所有容器

docker ps -a

停止运行容器

docker stop [容器名称或id]

运行容器

docker start [容器名称或id]

进入容器

docker exec -it [容器名称或id] /bin/bash

运行容器随机分配端口（大写p）

docker run -d -P --name [容器名称] [镜像名]:[tag]

指定端口（小写p）80内部容器端口

docker run -d -p [本机端口]:[容器端口] --name [容器名称] [镜像名]:[tag]

删除已有容器

docker rm [容器id]

删除所有未运行容器

docker rm docker ps -a -q

查看容器日志

docker logs [容器id]

拷贝文件到容器

docker cp [源文件] [容器名称或id]:[目标路径]</pre>

2. 镜像管理

查看本地镜像

docker images

删除image镜像

docker rmi [镜像id多个空格隔开]

删除所有镜像

docker rmi docker images -a -q

导出导入容器

docker export [容器id] > [压缩包]
cat [压缩包] | docker import [压缩包] [镜像名]:[tag]
docker import http://example.com/exampleimage.tgz [镜像名]:[tag]

将现有容器创建成镜像

docker commit -a ["作者"] -m ["描述"] [容器名称或id] [镜像名]:[tag]</pre>

3. DockerFile制作

DockerFile 案例

FROM centos
MAINTAINER laok "ann0.0@hotmail.com"
#nginx
ADD nginx-1.17.5.tar.gz /usr/local/src
#running required command
RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make automake libtool
RUN yum install -y pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.17.5
#execute command to compile nginx
RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
RUN mkdir -m 777 /usr/local/bin/www
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf
#jdk
ADD jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN cp -rf /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_191 /usr/local/jdk
#add java env
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk
ENV JRE_HOME $JAVA_HOME/jre
ENV CLASSPATH $CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
#tomcat
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.35.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN cp -rf /usr/local/src/apache-tomcat-8.5.35 /usr/local/bin/tomcat4micolor
RUN cp -rf /usr/local/src/apache-tomcat-8.5.35 /usr/local/bin/tomcat4interfaces
WORKDIR /usr/local/bin/tomcat4interfaces/conf/
RUN sed -i 's|"8005"|"8006"|' server.xml
RUN sed -i 's|"8080"|"8081"|' server.xml
RUN cp -rf /usr/local/src/apache-tomcat-8.5.35 /usr/local/bin/tomcat4extra
WORKDIR /usr/local/bin/tomcat4extra/conf/
RUN sed -i 's|"8005"|"8007"|' server.xml
RUN sed -i 's|"8080"|"8082"|' server.xml
#del install files
RUN rm -rf /usr/local/src/*
#EXPOSE 80 443 8080
EXPOSE 80 81 443
ADD entrypoint.sh /usr/local/src
RUN chmod -R 777 /usr/local/src/entrypoint.sh
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/src/entrypoint.sh"]</pre>

镜像打包 docker build -t [镜像名]:[tag] .

4. 仓库管理

登出

docker logout

镜像搜索拉取

docker search [镜像名称]
docker pull [镜像名称]

推送镜像

docker push [镜像名称]:[tag]</pre>

5. docker-compose制作

参考地址：https://www.runoob.com/docker/docker-compose.html

version: "3" 
 service01:
 image: [镜像名称]:[tag]
 container_name: [容器名称]
 ports: 
 - "[本机端口]:[容器端口]"
 - .....
 volumes:
 - [源文件地址]:[容器地址]
 - .....
 links:
 - [service02]
 - ...
 network_mode: "host"
 restart: always

 service02:

6. docker备份迁移

容器保存为镜像

docker commit mynginx mynginx_i

镜像备份

docker save -o mynginx.tar mynginx_i

镜像恢复与迁移

docker load -i mynginx.tar