echo.xiao：
【Echo201804018Day5词汇分享】
distinguish
【解词】
Distinguish来自中古法语词distinguiss，拉丁语distinguere
【释义】
- If you can distinguish one thing from another or distinguish between two things, you can see or understand how they are different. 区分；辨别
近义词：differentiate, determine, separate, discriminate - A feature or quality that distinguishes one thing from another causes the two things to be regarded as different, because only the first thing has the feature or quality.有别于
- If you can distinguish something, you can see, hear, or taste it although it is very difficult to detect.辨别出
- If you distinguish yourself, you do something that makes you famous or important.使著名
【字典例句】
Could he distinguish right from wrong? 他能辨别是非吗？
There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms.
音乐中一些因素使之有别于其他艺术形式。
There were cries, calls. He could distinguish voices.
有各种各样的哭声和叫喊声。他能从中分辨出声音。
Over the next few years he distinguished himself as a leading constitutional
scholar. 在随后的几年中，他作为宪法学的权威学者而享有盛誉。
【造句】
- 即使是专家也很难辨别原画和赝品。
Even a expert would find it hard to distinguish between the original painting and
the copy. - 有谁记得怎么分辨句子和论点？
Is there anyone who remember how to distinguish sentences from arguments?
【相关词】
distinguished, distinguishing
收获：
Dis-是由拉丁文duo=two的变化形duis衍生来的， 原本是一分为二的意思，由“分离”引申为“除去”，“剥夺”“反对”“否定”，尤其是加强语气的重要前缀。它的变形有de-, des-,di-, dif-, s-。如：disable(dis-deprive of,+able-ability)
凝镜君：
【林淑君20180418Day10词汇分享】
【同义词辨析】 refrain check curb inhibit restrain
refrain v. [正式]克制，抑制
〔辨析〕
指忍住不做某事，常后接介词 from。
to stop yourself from doing sth, especially sth that you want to do
〔例证〕
He refrained from smoking.
他忍住不吸烟。
For losing weight, she refrained from eating chocolate after supper.
为了减肥，她强忍着在晚饭后不吃巧克力。
check v. 克制，阻碍，抑制
〔辨析〕
指因意识到不对而忍住不做某事或克制感情，也指阻止不好的事情恶化或继续发生。
to control sth; to stop sth from increasing or getting worse
〔例证〕
They had to check the urge to laugh out loud, not wanting to upset Susan.
他们只得憋住不让自己大声笑出来，以免惹苏珊不开心。
Adequate measures have been taken to check the growth in crime.
已经采取适当的措施来阻止犯罪率上升。
It is important to check the growth of public spending.
控制公共开支的增长很重要。
curb v. 控制，抑制
〔辨析〕
指为了防止造成有害的影响而控制或约束某事物。
to control or limit sth, especially sth bad
〔例证〕
The government immediately took measures to curb the spread of the virus.
政府立刻采取措施控制病毒的扩散。
The policies to curb inflation have worked.
控制通货膨胀的政策见效了。
inhibit v. 阻止，抑制
〔辨析〕
指妨碍某事物发展。
to prevent sth from happening or make it happen more slowly or less frequently than normal
〔例证〕
Too much time in front of the TV may inhibit children's learning.
看电视太多可能会妨碍儿童的学习。
Enough alcohol may inhibit the excitatory parts of the brain.
足够的酒精可能会抑制大脑中起兴奋作用的组织。
restrain v. 阻止，克制，抑制
〔辨析〕
含义广泛，常指以武力阻止某人做某事，也指克制情绪、行为或控制、限制某事物。
to stop sb/sth from doing sth, especially by using physical force；
to stop yourself from feeling an emotion or doing sth that you would like to do；
to stop sth that is growing or increasing from becoming too large
〔例证〕
The suspect had to be restrained by the police.
警察只好强行制住嫌疑人。
He restrained a feeling of annoyance, although his girlfriend was late again.
尽管女朋友又一次迟到，他还是忍住没发脾气。
She could barely restrain from crying in front of her best friend.
她差点就忍不住在最好的朋友面前大哭。
What factors could restrain consumer spending?
哪些因素会抑制消费支出？
素谊：
【Susie20180418Day5词汇分享】
1.indict /ɪnˈdaɪt/
【解词】indict来源于拉丁词indicere，原意是to say publicly or officially。
【释义/字典例句】
vt.&vi. to officially charge someone with a criminal offence控告；告发；起诉
He was indicted for vehicular homicide in 1987.
【搭配】indict somebody for something
【拓展】n. indictment /ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/
2.arraign /əˈreɪn/
【解词】arraign来源于拉丁词ratio，原意时to reason。
【释义/字典例句】
vt. LAW to make someone come to court to hear what their crime is 传讯；提审；提讯
Thompson was arraigned on a charge of murder.
【搭配】arraign somebody on something
【拓展】n. arraignment
【辨析indict和arraign】
Indict and arraign are legal terms. Indict, which is more commonly used in the United States than elsewhere, means to charge officially and to make subject to an appearance before a jury or judge. In an extended sense, indict is to charge unofficially but publicly. To arraign, legally, is to call an indicted person before a court for trial; by extension, to arraign is to call publicly but unofficially a person or a movement to stand judgement before public opinion or some other standard.
（indict 和arraign都属于法律术语。indict用于美国，多用于对罪行较为严重的罪犯的正式指控，arraign的意思和indict有点不一样，主要是指传讯。）
收获：看到indict这个词时，觉得发音应该是/ɪnˈdɪt/，没想到-dict在这里是发/daɪt/，第一次见到dict发/daɪt/；积累了indict和arraign两个新单词。
pei：
【黎佩婷20180418Day9词汇分享】
retire
【解词】来自法语retirer "to withdraw (something)
【释义】
v.
1.go into retirement; stop performing one's work or withdraw from one's position;
2.withdraw from active participation
3.pull back or move away or backward;
4.go to bed in order to sleep;
【例句】If they prove ineffective they should be demoted or asked to retire.
如果事实证明他们已无力胜任，应该将他们降级或让他们退休。
【造句】I am going to retire after I have been read books for a long time.
【常用短语】
retirement home
养老院，老年人住房
retirement savings plan
养老金账户
retired person
退休人员
李洪彬：
【Ben20180418Day5词汇分享】
starve [stɑ:v]
【解词】From PIE (Indo-European) root ster- "stiff, rigid" （来自原始印欧语的词根ster-，愿意为“硬的，僵硬的”）
【释义】To starve is to become very weak or die because there is not enough food to eat. （使）饿死；饿得要死
【课本例句】
At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个年代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。 (M3-U1-P1-L5)
【设计练习】
收获：这次尝试针对一个词设计了不同类型的练习，感觉对一个单词的认知层次多了一些，其实是把单词的“学”与“教”融在一起。
需要继续探索的是：对一个单词进行练习的设计到底有多少个维度，不同的单词所选的维度应该有什么样的区别？
见英：
【见英20180418Day5词汇分享】
I think it’s a bit of an archaic concept these days and I’m a bit of a commitment phobe.
archaic /ɑːˈkeɪ-ɪk/
【解词】
ultimately from Greek arkhaikos "old-fashioned," 来自希腊语arkhaikos 是过时的的意思；from arkhaios "ancient, old-fashioned, antiquated, primitive," 来自arkhaios 是古代的，过时的，老式的，原始的的意思，from arkhe "beginning"来自arkhe是开始的的意思。
所以archa有古代的，过时的的意思。
相关的单词：
archaeology = archae+ology , the study of ancient things 。ology 是the study of ….
考古学
archaeological
考古学的
archaeologist
考古学家
archaism Meaning "that which is archaic," especially "an archaic word or expression,"指那些古老的东西，特别是古老的词或表达。
古语
archaeopteryx=archaeo+pteryx, archaeo- "ancient, primitive" + Greek pteryx "wing" 原始的翅膀，翅膀代表鸟，所以是始祖鸟的意思。
【例句】
Many smaller radio stations broadcast on archaic equipment.
许多较小的广播电台用陈旧的设备进行广播。
【造句】
Many parents have archaic opinions which is the main reason why they can’t understand their son or daughter well.
