构造函数
<script type="text/javascript">
function Person(name,age,job){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.job = job;
this.showName = function(){
alert(this.name);
}
this.showAge = function(){
alert(this.age);
}
this.showJob = function(){
alert(this.job);
}
}
//new的作用就相当于工厂模式中最开始创建了一个空对象，最后把对象返回
var Bob = new Person('bob',18,'产品汪');
Bob.showJob();
var Alex = new Person('alex',19,'运营喵');
Alex.showJob();
alert(Bob.showName == Alex.showName);//false
</script>
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原型模式
<script type="text/javascript">
function Person(name,age,job){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.job = job;
Person.prototype.showName = function(){
alert(this.name);
}
Person.prototype.showAge = function(){
alert(this.age);
}
Person.prototype.showJob = function(){
alert(this.job);
}
}
//先去自己的对象中找showName函数，再去构造函数的原型找
var Lucy = new Person('lucy',18,'测试鼠');
//重写自身对象中的方法，不会影响其它对象
Lucy.showName = function(){
alert('我的名字是' + this.name);
}
Lucy.showName();//我的名字是lucy
var Lily = new Person('lily',19,'市场鸡');
Lily.showName();//lily
alert(Lucy.showName == Lily.showName);//false
</script>
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call和apply
call和apply的区别
二者都可以改变当前的this，区别在于apply方法要将参数放入数组中再传参
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<script type="text/javascript">
function aa(a,b){
alert('我的this是' + this + ',我的a是' + a + ',我的b是' + b);
}
//我的this是[object Window],我的a是2,我的b是3
// aa(2,3);
//我的this是abc,我的a是2,我的b是3
// aa.call('abc',2,3);
//我的this是abc,我的a是2,我的b是3
aa.apply('abc', [2,3]);
</script>
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函数的继承
<script type="text/javascript">
//父类
function Fclass(name, age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
Fclass.prototype.showName = function(){
alert(this.name);
}
Fclass.prototype.showAge = function(){
alert(this.age);
}
//子类
function Sclass(name, age, job){
//属性用call或者apply的方式来继承
Fclass.call(this, name, age);
this.job = job;
}
//方法继承：将父类的一个实例赋值给子类的原型属性
Sclass.prototype = new Fclass();
Sclass.prototype.showJob = function(){
alert(this.job);
}
//由于已经继承了父类的属性和方法，所以可以直接调用
var Driver = new Sclass('tom',18,'老司机');
Driver.showName();
Driver.showAge();
Driver.showJob();
</script>
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