阅读核心方法论

三秒版本

• 每一句
  • Others fear that oil is pricey because it is running out.
    翻译：有的人担心洲介会上涨因为石油在枯竭。
    3s：油价上涨
  • 主干原则：
    简单句 SVO
    复合句 主干的SVO
    观点句 观点的内容
• 每一段
• 每一篇

句间关系（作用为做预判）

• 同
• 反：But，Yet，H/however,Nevertheless、换对象、负态度词如criticize，oppose，overestimate...

同义改写

• 正确答案 = 原文正确的同义改写
  选项中的虚词，要在原文中找指代
  • they could establish a seperate household
    the ability to set up an independent household

阅读第2练（简单句间关系）

Passage 3(1.5min)
According to the conventional view, serfdom in nineteenth-century Russia inhibited economic growth. In this view Russian peasants’ status as serfs kept them poor through burdensome taxes in cash, in labor, and in kind; through restrictions on mobility; and through various forms of coercion. Melton, however, argues that serfdom was perfectly compatible with economic growth, because many Russian serfs were able to get around landlords’ rules and regulations. If serfs could pay for passports, they were usually granted permission to leave the estate. If they could pay the fine, they could establish a separate household; and if they had the resources, they could hire laborers to cultivate the communal lands, while they themselves engaged in trade or worked as migrant laborers in cities.

• 三秒版本：农奴制度好
• 解析：1- 2- 3+ 4+ 5+

Passage 4(1.5min)
Objectively, of course, the various ecosystems that sustain life on the planet proceed independently of human agency, just as they operated before the hectic ascendancy of Homo sapiens. But it is also true that it is difficult to think of a single such system that has not, for better or worse, been substantially modified by human culture. Nor is this simply the work of the industrial centuries. It has been happening since the days of ancient Mesopotamia. It is coeval with the origins of writing, and has occurred throughout our social existence. And it is this irreversibly modified world, from the polar caps to the equatorial forests, that is all the nature we have.

• 三秒版本：人类改变大自然
• 解析：1无关 2But有关 3-5有关（时间长） 6有关（范围广）
  Nor is this... = This is not...

Passage 5(1.5min)
For years, the leading theory for what caused the Younger Dryas (a dramatic reversal, about 12,900 years ago, in a global warming trend) was a release of water from Glacial Lake Agassiz. The theory posited that this meltwater flooded into the North Atlantic, lowering the salinity and intensity of surface waters enough to prevent them from sinking. Ocean currents were changed in such a way that northward transport of heat in the ocean diminished, and the North Atlantic regions plunged back into near-glacial conditions. However, evidence has emerged that the Younger Dryas began long before freshwater flooded the North Atlantic. Additionally, the temperature changes included by a shutdown in the North Atlantic heat conveyor system are too small to explain the Younger Dryas.

• 三秒版本：关于YD为什么发生的一种解释是错的
• 解析：
  1 GLA导致YD
  23 GLA导致YD（封装的概念）
  However 45 不是GLA导致YD

单词积累

• serfdom 农奴制
• in kind 以实物（偿付）
• coercion 强迫
• compatible 可以并存的
• get around 解决
• sustain 维持
• coeval 同时代的
• posit 假定