一般情况下，空白界面和网络错误界面是不用显示的，所以用ViewStub，减少内存消耗。

1.准备四种view的布局

1）status_empty.xml 数据空白界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_status_empty"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="数据空白，重新加载" />
</LinearLayout>                                                                                       

2）status_loading.xml 加载中界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/progressBar"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyle"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

3）status_error.xml 网络错误界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_status_error"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="网路错误，重新加载" />
</LinearLayout>

4）success.xml 数据加载成功界面

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="成功加载" />
</LinearLayout>

2.根布局 status_view.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<merge xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
 
    <include
        android:id="@+id/status_loading"
        layout="@layout/status_loading"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />
 
    <ViewStub
        android:id="@+id/stub_empty"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:inflatedId="@+id/status_empty"
        android:layout="@layout/status_empty" />
 
    <ViewStub
        android:id="@+id/stub_error"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:inflatedId="@+id/status_error"
        android:layout="@layout/status_error" />
 
</merge>

3.自定义StatusView

 public class StatusView extends FrameLayout {
    private static final String TAG = "StatusView";
    /**
     * 四种状态
     */
    public static final int LOADING = 1;
    public static final int ERROR = 2;
    public static final int EMPTY = 3;
    public static final int SUCCESS = 4;
 
    private FrameLayout mRootView;
    private View mLoadingView;
    private View mEmptyView;
    private View mErrorView;
    private View mSuccessView;
 
    //刷新按钮
    private Button mBtnEmptyRefresh, mBtnErrorRefresh;
 
    public StatusView(@NonNull Context context) {
        super(context, null);
    }
 
    public StatusView(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView(context);
    }
 
    public StatusView(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, @AttrRes int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        initView(context);
    }
 
    private void initView(Context context) {
        mRootView = (FrameLayout) LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.status_view, this);
        initLoadView();
    }
 
    private void initLoadView() {
        mLoadingView = mRootView.findViewById(R.id.status_loading);
    }
 
    public void setSuccessView(int id) {
        if (mSuccessView == null) {
            mSuccessView = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(id, null);
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
            mRootView.addView(mSuccessView, 0, layoutParams);//放到FrameLayout第一个位置
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * View的切换
     * @param status
     */
    public void showStatusView(int status) {
        Log.d(TAG, "showStatusView: status==" + status);
        switch (status) {
            case EMPTY:
                showEmptyView();
                break;
            case ERROR:
                showErrorView();
                break;
            case LOADING:
                showLoadingView();
                break;
            case SUCCESS:
                showSuccessView();
                break;
            default:
                showLoadingView();
                break;
        }
    }
 
    private void showLoadingView() {
        if (mLoadingView != null) {
            mLoadingView.setVisibility(VISIBLE);
        }
        dismissErrorView();
        dismissEmptyView();
        dismissSuccessView();
    }
 
    private void showEmptyView() {
        ViewStub stub = (ViewStub) mRootView.findViewById(R.id.stub_empty);
        if (stub != null) {
            mEmptyView = stub.inflate();//ViewStub调用inflate()方法后，R.id.stub_empty这个id会从布局中移除
            mBtnEmptyRefresh = (Button) mEmptyView.findViewById(R.id.btn_status_empty);
            mBtnEmptyRefresh.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);
        } else {
            mEmptyView.setVisibility(VISIBLE);
        }
        dismissErrorView();
        dismissLoadingView();
        dismissSuccessView();
    }
 
    private void showErrorView() {
        ViewStub stub = (ViewStub) mRootView.findViewById(R.id.stub_error);
        if (stub != null) {
            mErrorView = stub.inflate();
            mBtnErrorRefresh = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_status_error);
            mBtnErrorRefresh.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);
        } else {
            mErrorView.setVisibility(VISIBLE);
        }
        dismissLoadingView();
        dismissEmptyView();
        dismissSuccessView();
    }
 
    private void showSuccessView() {
        if (mSuccessView != null) {
            mSuccessView.setVisibility(VISIBLE);
            dismissEmptyView();
            dismissLoadingView();
            dismissErrorView();
        }
    }
 
    private void dismissLoadingView() {
        if (mLoadingView != null && mLoadingView.getVisibility() == VISIBLE) {
            mLoadingView.setVisibility(GONE);
        }
    }
 
    private void dismissEmptyView() {
        if (mEmptyView != null && mEmptyView.getVisibility() == VISIBLE) {
            mEmptyView.setVisibility(GONE);
        }
    }
 
    private void dismissErrorView() {
        if (mErrorView != null && mErrorView.getVisibility() == VISIBLE) {
            mErrorView.setVisibility(GONE);
        }
    }
 
    private void dismissSuccessView() {
        if (mSuccessView != null && mSuccessView.getVisibility() == VISIBLE) {
            mSuccessView.setVisibility(GONE);
        }
    }
 
    private OnClickListener mOnClickListener = new OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            switch (v.getId()) {
                case R.id.btn_status_empty:
                case R.id.btn_status_error:
                    if (mOnRetryGetDataListener != null) {
                        mOnRetryGetDataListener.refresh();
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
    };
 
    /**
     * 点击重新加载
     */
    public interface OnRetryGetDataListener {
        void refresh();
    }
 
    private OnRetryGetDataListener mOnRetryGetDataListener;
 
    public void setOnRetryGetDataListener(OnRetryGetDataListener onRetryGetDataListener) {
        if (onRetryGetDataListener != null) {
            mOnRetryGetDataListener = onRetryGetDataListener;
        }
    }
}

4.StatusView的使用

1）测试的布局activity_test_status_view.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.testretrofitrxjava.TestStatusViewActivity">
 
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">
 
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_loading"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="加载中" />
 
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_empty"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="空白" />
 
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_net_error"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="网络错误" />
 
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_success"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="成功" />
 
    </LinearLayout>
 
    <com.example.testretrofitrxjava.widget.StatusView
        android:id="@+id/status_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
 
</LinearLayout>

2）测试的Activity

public class TestStatusViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

   private static final String TAG = "TestStatusViewActivity";
   private Button mBtnLoading, mBtnEmpty, mBtnError, mBtnSuccess;
   private StatusView mStatusView;

   @Override
   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       setContentView(R.layout.activity_test_status_view);
       initView();
   }

   private void initView() {
       mBtnLoading = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_loading);
       mBtnLoading.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);

       mBtnEmpty = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_empty);
       mBtnEmpty.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);

       mBtnError = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_net_error);
       mBtnError.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);

       mBtnSuccess = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_success);
       mBtnSuccess.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);

       mStatusView = (StatusView) findViewById(R.id.status_view);
       mStatusView.setSuccessView(R.layout.success);
       mStatusView.setOnRetryGetDataListener(new StatusView.OnRetryGetDataListener() {
           @Override
           public void refresh() {
               Log.e(TAG, "refresh: 数据重新加载");
           }
       });
   }

   private View.OnClickListener mOnClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
       @Override
       public void onClick(View v) {
           switch (v.getId()) {
               case R.id.btn_loading:
                   mStatusView.showStatusView(StatusView.LOADING);
                   break;
               case R.id.btn_empty:
                   mStatusView.showStatusView(StatusView.EMPTY);
                   break;
               case R.id.btn_net_error:
                   mStatusView.showStatusView(StatusView.ERROR);
                   break;
               case R.id.btn_success:
                   mStatusView.showStatusView(StatusView.SUCCESS);
                   break;
               default:
                   break;
           }
       }
   };
}