The Power of Abstraction

Barbara Liskov, MIT, Stanford graduate

Addressing Complexity

Programming Methodology

  • How should programs be designed ?
  • How should programs be structured ?

The landscape

  • E. W. Dijkstra. Go to statement considered harmful. 1968.
  • N. Wirth. Program Development by Stepwise Refinement. Cacm, April 1971.
  • D.L. Parnas. Information distribution aspect of Design Methodology.

Modularity

  • A program is a collection of modules.
  • Each has an interface described by specification plus implementation.
  • A module's implementation is correct if it meets the specification.
  • A using module depends only on the specification.

Benefits

  • local reasoning
  • modifiability
  • independent development

Situation in 1970

Procedures were the only type of module

Partitions to ADT

  • Hierarchical Program Structures.
  • J.H. Morris. Protection in Programming Languages, Cacm. Jan 1973.
  • B. Liskov. Programming with Abstract Data Types. ACM Sigplan Conference on Very High Level Languages. April 1974.
  • Objects, operations

From ADTs to CLU

  • Static type checking
  • Heap based
  • Seperation compilation
  • No concurrency, no gotos, no inheritance.
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