1.进入Python虚拟环境
source xxx/bin/activate
2.进入当前用户有操作权限的目录：
django-admin startproject First_Django
3.查看新建的项目内部文件
//进入First_Django项目
cd First_Django
//查看项目的子目录文件
ls
> First_Django(此子目录名称与项目名称相同，作用是配置项目) manage.py (此文件用来管理项目)
// 进入First_Django项目的First_Django子目录
cd First_Django
// 查看First_Django项目的First_Django子目录文件
> __init__.py settings.py urls.py wsgi.py
整个项目文件结构：
|____First_Django
| |____First_Django
| | |______init__.py
| | |____settings.py
| | |____urls.py
| | |____wsgi.py
| |____manage.py
4.创建应用：
一个项目里可以创建一个或多个应用
// 在项目的目录下
Python manage.py startapp FirstApp
// 查看项目
ls
> First_Django booktest(新建的项目) manage.py
查看booktest文件结构：
tree booktest/
>
booktest/
├── __init__.py
├── admin.py
├── apps.py
├── migrations
│ └── __init__.py
├── models.py
├── tests.py
└── views.py
5.编写代码
// models.py 中编写模型代码
class Bookinfo(models.Model):
btitle = models.CharField(max_length=20)
bpub_date = models.DateTiemField()
class HeroInfo(models.Model):
hname=models.CharField(max_length=10)
hgender=models.BooleanField()
hcontent=models.CharFeild(max_length=1000)
hbook=models.ForeignKey(Bookinfo)
6.跑起服务器
Python manage.py runserver
如果报错👇的错误：
You have 13 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.
注册迁移：
在setting.py文件中的INSTALLED_APPS字段中添加项目名称:
执行迁移:
python manage.py migrate
启动服务器:
Python manage.py runserver
执行python manage.py migrate 如果报错👇的错误：
(FirstVirtualen) taoyali@taoyali-2:~/project/python3/First_Django$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
No migrations to apply.
Your models have changes that are not yet reflected in a migration, and so won't be applied.
Run 'manage.py makemigrations' to make new migrations, and then re-run 'manage.py migrate' to apply them.
依次执行一下命令：
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver
运行效果：
(FirstVirtualen) taoyali@taoyali-2:~/project/python3/First_Django$ python manage.py makemigrations
Migrations for 'booktest':
booktest/migrations/0001_initial.py
- Create model BookInfo
- Create model HeroInfo
(FirstVirtualen) taoyali@taoyali-2:~/project/python3/First_Django$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, auth, booktest, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
Applying booktest.0001_initial... OK
(FirstVirtualen) taoyali@taoyali-2:~/project/python3/First_Django$ python manage.py runserver
Performing system checks...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
July 16, 2017 - 06:06:04
Django version 1.11.3, using settings 'First_Django.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
7.测试
python manage.py shell
//导入类
>>> from booktest.models import *
>>> b = BookInfo()
>>> b.btitle = 'abc'
//导入python时间
>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> b.bpub_date = datetime(year=1990,month=1,day=12)
>>> b.save() //执行了数据库的insert操作
//打印对象信息
>>> BookInfo.objects.all() //执行了数据库的select操作
<QuerySet [<BookInfo: BookInfo object>]>
>>> b = BookInfo.objects.last() //执行了数据库的select操作
>>> b.btitle = 'python'
>>> b.save() //执行了数据库的update操作
>>> b.delete() //执行了数据库的delete操作
