一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格，与现在无关。
基本结构：主语+谓语(动词过去式）+句子其他成分；主语+was/were+形容词/名词/介词短语+过去时间；否定形式①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他。
【过去时态】表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。
【过去时态结构】是指过去时态下的动词形式的语法构成。
（1）表示过去经常发生的动作或者过去经常存在的状态。
常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，just now，a moment ago，last week/ year/ night，in 1985，in those days，when I was at middle school等连用。
例如：
1.They went to college last year.
他们是去年上大学。
2.We had a good time in the park yesterday.
我们昨天在公园玩得很高兴。
（2）表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。
例如：
We played football first，then went boating and fishing,，and at last had a picnic there.
我们先踢足球，然后去划船、钓鱼。最后我们在那里野餐。
（3）在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，表示过去将来的动作。
例如：
She told me that she would not leave until I came back.
她告诉我我回来她才会离开。
注意：
（1）表示过去经常或反复的动作，而现在却不这样做了，也可以用used to +动词原形来表示。
例如：
I used to get up very late.
我过去总是起床很晚。
（2）如果主句的谓语动词是现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。
例如：
We have made a lot of friends since we came here.
自从我们来到这里以来已经交了很多的朋友。
（3）谈论某人的出生日期经常用一般过去时。
例如：
—When were you born?
你是什么时候出生的？
—I was born in 1983.
我出生于1983年。
动词变化规则
一般动词直接加-ed，e.g.look-looked；
以e结尾的动词直接加-d，e.g.dance-danced；
辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加ed，e.g.study-studied；
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母（字母w，y，x除外），双写这个辅音字母加-ed，e.g.skip-skipped；
以l结尾的动词，若以非重读音节结尾，则末尾的字母l双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。e.g.travel-travelled/traveled(U.S.)。
部分以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第5条，这类词多由“前缀+名词”构成。e.g.worship-worshipped/worshiped(U.S.)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(U.S.)。
注：英语26个字母中，除了a，e，i，o，u 这几个元音字母外，其他都是辅音字母。
不规则动词变化
动词过去式与原形相同；
动词过去式以-ought或-aught结尾；
动词过去式由原形结尾的-end变为-ent；
动词过去式以-elt，-eft，-ept结尾；
动词过去式与原形比较，其中一个元音字母发生改变；
动词过去式以-ew结尾；
动词过去式-ee-变为-e-。
不规则动词过去式
is-was
are-were
am-was
go-went
do，does-did
bring-brought
make-made
have-had
run-ran
tell-told
eat-ate
get-got
draw-drew
put -put
read-read
take-took
die-died
see-saw
fly-flew
cut-cut
meet-met
tell-told
build-built
lend-lent
lose-lost
hear-heard
buy-bought
choose-chose
forget-forgot
sink-sank
sing-sang
begin-began
swim-swam
ring-rang
drink-drank
fly-flew
draw-drew
lie-lay
wear-wore
know-knew
teach-taught
swim-swam
stand-stood
keep-kept
think-thought
其他变化
1．原形-过去式-过去分词全相同
cost——cost——cost 价值
cut——cut——cut 切，割，砍
hit——hit——hit 打
hurt——hurt——hurt 伤害
read/ri:d/——read/red/——read/red/ 读
put——put——put 放
let——let——let 让
shut——shut——shut 关
2. 过去分词与原形相同,过去式改o/u为a
become—became—become 变得，成为
come—came—come 来
run—ran—run 跑
3. 原形-过去式-过去分词是i-a-u的变化
begin—began—begun 开始
drink---drank—drunk 喝
ring---rang—rung 打电话
sing---sang---sung 唱（歌）
swim---swam---swum 游泳
4. 过去分词在原形后加-en
eat—ate---eaten 吃
fall---fell—fallen 落下；跌倒
5. 过去式和过去分词都去掉原形的一个e
feed---fed—fed 喂养，饲养
meet---met---met 碰到，见面，会面
6. 过去分词在原形后加-n
blow—blew—blown 吹
grow—grew—grown 种植；生长
throw---threw---thrown 投；掷；扔
know---knew——known知道；懂得；认为
draw—drew—drawn 画
fly--- flew---flown飞
see --- saw --- seen 看见，看到
show---showed---shown 出示；给...看
give--- gave ---given 给
drive---drove---driven 驾驶
take---took---taken 拿去;带去
7. 过去分词以-en结尾
bite--- bit --- bitten 咬
ride---rode---ridden 骑(车,马等)
write---wrote---written 写
break---broke---broken 弄坏,弄破
choose--chose--chosen 选择
speak---spoke---spoken 讲话;演讲
wake---woke---woken 使...醒来;弄醒
forget---forgot---forgotten 忘记
hide---hid---hidden 躲,藏
8. 过去分词以-ne结尾
do --- did --- done 做,干
go --- went --- gone 去
9.过去式与过去分词都有aught结尾
catch---caught ---caught 捉住;抓住
teach---taught---taught 教
10.过去式和过去分词都以-ought结尾
bring---brought---brought 拿来;带来
buy ---bought ---bought 买
fight---fought---fought 打架;打仗
think---thought--thought 想;认为
teach---taught--taught 教vt.教;教导,训练;教授vi.教书
11.
dig ---dug ---dug 挖
get ---got---got 得到;获得
sit --- sat --- sat 坐下
hold---held ---held 举行;握住
shine --- shone --- shone 照耀
say--- said ---said 说
pay---paid---paid 付账;为...付款
make---made---made 制造;制作
tell --- told --- told 告诉
sell---sold---sold 卖
stand --- stood --- stood 站立
understand-understood-understood 明白;理解
find --- found --- found 发现
12. 过去式和过去分词都在原形后加d或t
hear--heard--heard 听见;听说
mean --meant--meant 意思是
13. 过去式和过去分词都以elt,eft或ept结尾
feel --- felt --- felt 感觉
keep --- kept --- kept 保持
sleep---slept---slept 睡觉
leave --- left --- left 离开
14 .
have --- had --- had 有
lose --- lost --- lost 丢失;迷失
build---built---built 建造;建设
send --- sent --- sent 寄;送
lend---lent---lent 借
spend --- spent --- spent 花费(时间,金钱)
15.
lie --- lay --- lain 躺;位于
wear --- wore --- worn 穿;戴
be ---was, were --- been 是
16.只有过去式
can --- could 能
may --- might 可能,也许
shall---should 将要
will---would 将要
17. 过去式和过去分词均有两个
burn-burned/burnt-burned/burnt 燃烧
dream-dreamed/dreamt-dreamed/dreamt 做梦;梦见
learn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt 学会
smell--smelled/smelt--smelled/smelt 闻
spell--spelled/spelt--spelled/spelt 拼写
一般过去时的用法
一般过去时是表示在过去的时间里发生的动作或状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
时间状语：yesterday,the day before yesterday,two days ago,long long ago,a minute ago,last year(week,month),just now,at that time,in those days.
过去时的用法：
1．有确定的过去时间状语时要用过去式。
例：We had a good time last week.
2．表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去式。
例：The boy closed the door,turned off the window,and then went to bed.
⒊ 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，要用过去式。
例：She often came to help me at that time.
四.一般过去式的构成形式：☆Be动词的过去式：⑴肯定句：主语+ be动词的过去式（was,were）
例：He was ill yesterday. She was nine two years ago.They were my students long long ago.
⑵否定句：主语+ be动词的过去式（was,were）+ not
例：He was not ill yesterday.She was not nine two years ago.They were not my students long long ago.
⑶一般疑问句：直接把be动词提到句首。
例：Was he ill yesterday?
肯定回答：Yes,he was.
否定回答：No,he wasn't.Was she nine two
years ago? Yes,she was. / No,she wasn't.Were they your students long
long ago? Yes,they were. / No,they weren't.
☆实意动词的过去式：⑴肯定句：主语+动词的过去式
例：He played football last week.She watched TV last night.
⑵否定句：主语+ did not +动词原型
例：He did not play football last week.She didn’t watch TV last night.
⑶一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形 例：Did he play football last week?
回答：Yes,he did./ No,he didn't.
Did she watch TV last night?
回答：Yes,she did. / No,she didn’t.
特殊疑问句：确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等等。例如：
They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?
