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使用 ZIP文件离线安装 Oracle 客户端
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下载所需的 Instant Client ZIP文件。
[root@cdh01 ~]# mkdir /opt/oracle [root@cdh01 ~]# cd /opt/oracle [root@cdh01 oracle]# ll /opt/oracle total 82032 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 60704657 Dec 30 14:45 instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23935897 Dec 30 17:01 instantclient-basiclite-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1562474 Dec 30 17:01 instantclient-jdbc-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 310560 Dec 30 17:20 instantclient-odbc-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 643089 Dec 30 14:53 instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 834491 Dec 30 14:44 instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 186409 Dec 30 14:53 instantclient-tools-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -
解压缩安装包
[root@cdh01 oracle]# unzip instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip [root@cdh01 oracle]# unzip instantclient-jdbc-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip [root@cdh01 oracle]# unzip instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip [root@cdh01 oracle]# unzip instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip [root@cdh01 oracle]# unzip instantclient-tools-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip -
创建软链接
[root@cdh01 oracle]# cd /opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2 [root@cdh01 instantclient_12_2]# ln -s libclntsh.so.12.1 libclntsh.so [root@cdh01 instantclient_12_2]# ln -s libocci.so.12.1 libocci.so -
安装 libaio 依赖包
[root@cdh01 oracle]# yum install libaio -
在 network/admin 子目录中创建 tnsnames.ora 文件
[root@cdh01 oracle]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2/network/admin [root@cdh01 oracle]# cd /opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2/network/admin [root@cdh01 admin]# cat tnsnames.ora ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )orcl[本地实例名] = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = xx.xx.xx.xx[远程数据库IP地址])(PORT = 1521[远程服务器端口号])) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl[远程数据库服务名]) ) ) -
设置环境变量
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2:$PATH export TNS_ADMIN=/opt/oracle/instantclient_12_1/network/admin
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使用 RPM 文件离线安装 Oracle 客户端
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下载所需的Instant Client RPM 软件包。
[root@cdh01 ~]# mkdir /opt/oracle [root@cdh01 ~]# cd /opt/oracle [root@cdh01 oracle]# ll /opt/oracle total 84996 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 59865008 Dec 30 17:09 oracle-instantclient12.2-basic-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23679225 Dec 30 17:00 oracle-instantclient12.2-basiclite-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm # 不需要 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 610222 Dec 30 17:00 oracle-instantclient12.2-devel-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1564169 Dec 30 16:59 oracle-instantclient12.2-jdbc-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 311509 Dec 30 17:00 oracle-instantclient12.2-odbc-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm # 不需要 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 828333 Dec 30 16:59 oracle-instantclient12.2-sqlplus-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 161109 Dec 30 17:00 oracle-instantclient12.2-tools-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm -
使用安装软件包yum。例如：
[root@cdh01 oracle]# yum -y install oracle-instantclient12.2-basic-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm [root@cdh01 oracle]# yum -y install oracle-instantclient12.2-devel-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm [root@cdh01 oracle]# yum -y install oracle-instantclient12.2-jdbc-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm [root@cdh01 oracle]# yum -y install oracle-instantclient12.2-sqlplus-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm [root@cdh01 oracle]# yum -y install oracle-instantclient12.2-tools-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm -
创建 tnsnames.ora 文件
[root@cdh01 oracle]# mkdir -p /usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib/network/admin [root@cdh01 oracle]# cd /usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib/network/admin [root@cdh01 admin]# cat tnsnames.ora ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )orcl[本地实例名] = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = xx.xx.xx.xx[远程数据库IP地址])(PORT = 1521[远程服务器端口号])) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl[远程数据库服务名]) ) ) -
设置环境变量
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/bin:$PATH export TNS_ADMIN=/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib/network/admin
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使用 sqlplus 连接 Oracle 数据库
格式:
sqlplus 用户名/密码@本地实例名 (as 身份)- 数据库管理员登录
sqlplus sys/123456@orcl as sysdba - 普通用户登录
[root@DSJ-TVM002 admin]# sqlplus admin/123456@orcl SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Dec 30 18:43:40 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL>
- 数据库管理员登录
参考: https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/instant-client/linux-x86-64-downloads.html
