一:表示“原因”的词组。
1:A stems from B
eg. The failure to pass the exam is stem from careless.
2:A derives from B or A is derived from B.
eg. The failure to pass the exam derives from careless./ The failure to pass the exam is derived from careless.
3: A has its root in B/ A is rooted in B.
eg. The failure to pass the exam has its root in careless./ The failure to pass the exam is rooted in careless.
二:两个跟“加剧”相关的词。
1:escalate v. 提高,加剧 后接sth或into sth
n. escalation
adj. escalating 常见搭配:escalating problem/issue/tension/price/inflation
近:exacerbate,compound
eg. the fighting on the border is escalating.
a rapid escalation in value
the violence has escalated into wars.
2:step up有迫不得已采取措施。
如:he really needs to steep up.
三:constant continual cpntinous 和 successive区别。
1.constant是指持续或者习惯性的重复(at a regular rate over a long period)
eg. She keeps in constant touch with her breast friends.
2.continual形容动作反复发生,有间断,over a long period
eg. constant rain 最近一月频繁下雨
cf. incessant short time 里的反复发生,时间长度比constant短
incessant rain 最近一周下雨
3.continuous语气最强,空间和时间上都没有间断
eg. a continuous hum from the air conditioner
4.successive 接连发生的。
eg. Jackson was the winner for a second successive year.
- upending (不好事情的)持续,或某种情感没有end
eg. end love
endless stream of the crowd 持续的人流
四:“著名的”除了famous,再写出你所知的。
well-known, well-recognized, acclaimed,renowned,celebrated,与far-famed...
如:a celebrated/renowned/acclaimed/recognized author.
五:关于保持的词汇。
其中maintain/secure/safeguard/preserve/keep
如:maintain/secure/safeguard/preserve/keep regional peace and stability.
六:写出对“acquire/attain/obtain”的区别(三者都可以表示“得到”之意)。acquire:尤指要经过长期努力才得到的,后面可以跟抽象事物和具体事物。
如:acquire a reputation/knowledge等
attain主要用于庄重场合,着重指对某一雄心勃勃的目标的实现和努力。后面常跟ambitious/success/goal等
如:attain my ambition to be a doctor.
obtain尤指通过自身努力或工作达到从而得到某物。
如:obtain permission/information等 表“得到允许和信息”。
另外retain没有“得到”之意,它是“保留/拥有”之意
如:I have been retaining this book for many years.
另外它还有“聘请”之意。
如 retain a lawyer聘请一名律师。
七:写出上一话题你所积累的医学术语
amygdala, auditory cortex, artery, obesity,diabetes, adrenaline,cortisol,hormone,inflamed,dysfunction, inflammation, metabolic(新陈代谢), reproductive organ, blood pressure, endothelium(内循坏)
另外还有communicable与non-communicable传染病与非传染病。
八:考察一句政经类翻译。如下:双方回顾两国气候变化领域的领导力与合作,为巴黎协定的制定、通过、签署和生效作出历史性贡献(出自中美应对气候危机联合声明)。
参考译文:Both countries recall their historic contribution to the development, adoption, signature, and entry into force of the Paris Agreement through their leadership and collaboration.
参考译文思路:
1:“回顾”是不是跟“领导力和合作”搭配了呢?这里有点考察背景知识,实际上 原文提到的巴黎协定早在2016年就提出了也之后生效了。所以在这里“回顾”具体是说“回顾”巴黎协定上的这些事。
2:那么"领导力与合作"这么理解呢?实际上,可以这么理解,这两个东西其实就是一个说出个“大概”的东西,而后面的一系列事情进程正是这种“领导力和合作”的具体体现。也可以这么理解:中美两国一起领导,一起合作才会有“后面的具体事情的发生”。所以“回顾”也是回顾的是“签署/通过”等一系列事情。因此可以处理为“方式状语”,用来修饰所作出的贡献,即“通过我们的领导和合作,我们....”。
这里其实也体现了中英文的差异。即中文喜欢先说废话,再说重要的。而英语喜欢说重要的再说次要的(状语/定语等)。
另外注意也积累一下术语词组的搭配。