1.动词
2. 实义动词
2.1 及物动词
解析:直接加宾语,没有宾语,句意不完整。
2.2不及物动词
解析:不用加宾语,主语+谓语就可以表达完整句意。
也可以使用:不及物动词+介词+宾语。
3. 助动词
解析:帮助主要表达意思的单词。
3.1 主要助动词
❤ be动词
❤ do/does/did
❤ has/have
3.2 助动词的作用
3.2.1 构成 “时态”
❤ 他正在做作业。
❤ He is doing homework.(现在进行时)
❤ 我已经在北京工作了一年。
❤ I have worked in Beijjing for a year.(现在完成时)
❤ 那天晚上,他们正在一起看电视剧。
❤ That night, they were watching TV plays together.(过去进行时)
3.2.2 构成 “语态”
❤ 主语是 “动作” 的 “发出者”
❤ 主语是 “动作” 的 “承受者”
例句:
❤ The car was made in China.
3.2.3 构成 “否定结构”
❤ 我还没有完成任务。
❤ I haven't finished the task.
❤ 他昨晚没有给我打电话。
❤ He didn't phone me last night. (注意原形)
3.2.4 构成 “疑问句”
❤ Flora是住在这吗? (一般疑问句)
❤ Does Flora live here?
❤ 她为什么喜欢他? (特殊疑问句)
❤ Why does she like him ?
3.2.5 加强语句
❤ 我喜欢Yoyo老师。
❤ I like Yoyo.
❤ 我确实喜欢Yoyo老师。
❤ I do like Yoyo.
例句
❤ 我真的爱过他。
❤ I did love him.
❤ 他的确在日本住过两年。
❤ He did live in Japan for two years.
4.情态动词
解析:不能单独做谓语! 后加动词原形共同构成谓语!
❤ I can speak Japanese.
5. 常见用法
❤ can could must may/might should
5.1 can
5.1.1 表示能力
❤ 我今天不能付你钱。
❤ I can' t pay you today.
❤ 你明天可以给我打电话。
❤ You can call me tomorrow.
5.1.2 表推测(否定句、疑问句)
❤ 那不可能是Flora。她才三岁。
❤ That can't be Flora. She is only three years old.
5.1.3 特殊用法
❤ 每当我试着说英语的时候,总是免不了犯错。
❤ When I try to speak English, I can't help making mistakes.
5.2 could
5.2.1 表示“过去”的能力
❤ Gaby毕业前就会开车。
❤ Gaby could drive before she left school.
5.2.2 可能性
❤ 他说消息可能是真的。
❤ He said the news could be true.
5.2.3 有礼貌的请求
❤ 你会讲中文吗?
❤ 你能告诉我怎么去...?
6. Must
6.1 必要性
❤ 周五前你必须完成任务。
❤ You must finish the task by Friday.
6.2 推测
❤ Alex脸拉的很长。他准是生气了。
❤ Alex is wearing a long face. He must be angry.
7. may
7.1 征求意见/允许
❤ 我可以进来吗?
❤ May I come in?
❤ May I have your name?
7.2 可能性
8. might
8.1 “过去" 的许可可能性
❤ Yoyo告诉我她可能会迟到。
❤ Yoyo told me that she might be late.
可能性排序:
9. 补充内容
9.1 may not 可能不
❤ 他可能不知道我的电话号码。
❤ He may not know my telephone number.
9.2 can't /cannot不可能
❤ 那不可能是花花。
❤ That can't be Flora.
10. should
10.1 应该、按照道理来说应该
❤ 他应该能通过四级考试。
❤ You should pass CET-4.
10.2 竟然、惊讶、失望(情感)
❤ Yoyo竟然喜欢Demon那样的男人。
❤ Yoyo should love such a man as Demon.