子线程搞事情,主线程来显示

我们都知道把UI相关的事情放在主线程,但是如果当我们要下载一张比较大的图片来显示的话,势必会是一个耗时的操作,如果将其放在主线程操作,那么必然会对主线程造成阻塞,那么我们就需要将它放在子线程中去搞,搞完了再到主线程中去显示UI.这也是我们最常使用GCD的地方了

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0), ^{
        NSLog(@"我在子线程!开始我的耗时操作吧,我是不会阻塞主线程的");
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            NSLog(@"事情搞完了回到主线程做事吧");
        });
    });

队列帮你搞事情

串行队列

接下来假设一个场景,在一个详情页中,需要先请求到详情数据,再通过详情数据中的某个参数去请求评论列表,哇!是不是有点炸~
这个时候我们是不是想做一件事情,先去搞详情数据,等详情数据搞到手了,再去搞评论列表的数据.于是,我们这里可以搞一个串行队列帮我们.因为没有真实数据,所以用图片下载代替说明一下串行队列.

//图片数据
static NSString * const picUrlOne = @"http://b.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/0823dd54564e925838c205c89982d158ccbf4e26.jpg";
static NSString * const picUrlTwo = @"http://e.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/d1160924ab18972bf05282ece3cd7b899e510aaf.jpg";
static NSString * const picUrlThree = @"http://c.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/58ee3d6d55fbb2fb3943da344a4a20a44623dca8.jpg";
static NSString * const picUrlFour = @"http://e.hiphotos.baidu.com/image/pic/item/1ad5ad6eddc451da9dd88ecdb3fd5266d01632ed.jpg";

- (void)loadImagesBySerial
{
    //step one:创建一个串行队列
    dispatch_queue_t serialQueue = dispatch_queue_create("dispatch.serial", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
    //step two:讲我们要做的事情分别加入到队列里面
    [self loadImageByDispatch:serialQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image1StartDownLoad");
        _imageData1 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlOne]]];
    } complete:^{
        _imageOne.image = _imageData1;
        NSLog(@"image1DownLoadOver");
    }];
    
    [self loadImageByDispatch:serialQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image2StartDownLoad");
        _imageData2 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlTwo]]];
    } complete:^{
        _imageTwo.image = _imageData2;
        NSLog(@"image2DownLoadOver");
    }];
    
    [self loadImageByDispatch:serialQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image3StartDownLoad");
        //故意搞一个延迟,证明当遇到耗时的情况,任务4会等到任务3完成才执行
        [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:3];
        _imageData3 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlThree]]];
    } complete:^{
        _imageThree.image = _imageData1;
        NSLog(@"image3DownLoadOver");
    }];
    
    [self loadImageByDispatch:serialQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image4StartDownLoad");
        _imageData4 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlFour]]];
        //step three:任务至此,所有耗时操作都已在子线程完成
    } complete:^{
        _imageFour.image = _imageData1;
        NSLog(@"image4DownLoadOver");
        //step four:当我们最后一个任务完成,即可在主线程搞事情了~我们甚至可以将所有的图片显示放在这个位置,让他们一起显示出来
        /*
        _imageOne.image = _imageData1;
            _imageTwo.image = _imageData2;
            _imageThree.image = _imageData3;
            _imageFour.image = _imageData4;
        */
    }];
}

- (void)loadImageByDispatch:(dispatch_queue_t)queue threadcomplete:(void(^)())threadComplete complete:(void(^)())complete
{
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        if (threadComplete) {
            threadComplete();
        }
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            if (complete) {
                complete();
            }
        });
    });
}

并行队列

再来搞个事儿,比如:我们现在有一大堆数据要处理,显然是耗时的,不能去阻塞主线程吧~那好,现在子线程你得帮我搞事情,那么问题来了,我需要在页面显示来自4个不同模块的数据,且这些数据处理都是耗时的,那么并行队列就可以出来搞搞事情了,还是用上面下载图片的例子来说明一下并行队列

- (void)loadImagesByConcurrent
{
    //step one:创建一个并行队列
    dispatch_queue_t concurrentQueue = dispatch_queue_create("dispatch_concurrent", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    //step two:开始我们要执行的4个任务
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image1StartDownLoad");
        _imageData1 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlOne]]];
    } complete:^{
        _imageOne.image = _imageData1;
        NSLog(@"image1DownLoadOver");
    }];
    
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image2StartDownLoad");
        _imageData2 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlTwo]]];
    } complete:^{
        _imageTwo.image = _imageData2;
        NSLog(@"image2DownLoadOver");
    }];
    
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image3StartDownLoad");
        [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:3];
        _imageData3 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlThree]]];
    } complete:^{
        _imageThree.image = _imageData1;
        NSLog(@"image3DownLoadOver");
    }];
    
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        NSLog(@"image4StartDownLoad");
        _imageData4 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlFour]]];
    } complete:^{
        _imageFour.image = _imageData1;
        NSLog(@"image4DownLoadOver");
    }];
}

至此,你会发现我们的4个任务是几乎同时开始的,至于期间某个任务有阻塞,我们管不了,最终的哪个先结束我们也不知道_{所以我们看到的结果也是分别显示的}这就有点意思了,如果我们需要拿到所有结果一起来显示,又该咋办呢~~_{这个时候我们就需要dispatch_group这个东西帮忙了}
还是上面下载图片的例子~

- (void)groupEnterAndLeave
{
    //step one:创建一个并行队列
    dispatch_queue_t concurrentQueue = dispatch_queue_create("dispatch.concurrent", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    //step two:再来一个组
    dispatch_group_t concurrentGroup = dispatch_group_create();
    
    /**
    dispatch_group_enter,dispatch_group_leave成对出现~~~
    */
    dispatch_group_enter(concurrentGroup);
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        _imageData1 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlOne]]];
        dispatch_group_leave(concurrentGroup);
    } complete:^{
        
    }];
    
    dispatch_group_enter(concurrentGroup);
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        _imageData2 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlTwo]]];
        dispatch_group_leave(concurrentGroup);
    } complete:^{
        
    }];
    
    dispatch_group_enter(concurrentGroup);
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        _imageData3 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlThree]]];
        dispatch_group_leave(concurrentGroup);
    } complete:^{
        
    }];
    
    dispatch_group_enter(concurrentGroup);
    [self loadImageByDispatch:concurrentQueue threadcomplete:^{
        _imageData4 = [UIImage imageWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:picUrlFour]]];
        dispatch_group_leave(concurrentGroup);
    } complete:^{
        
    }];
    //step three:所有任务完成,收到通知~
    dispatch_group_notify(concurrentGroup, concurrentQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"AllTaskOver");
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            _imageOne.image = _imageData1;
            _imageTwo.image = _imageData2;
            _imageThree.image = _imageData3;
            _imageFour.image = _imageData4;
        });
    });
}

除了单例,还能这样玩

比如只希望在整个工程的生命周期内,只执行一次某段代码,可以这样玩儿

static dispatch_once_t once;
    dispatch_once(&once, ^{
       /**
       这里是只想执行一次的代码
       */
    });

延时执行

/**
第一个参数表示延时时间,第二个参数是在哪个队列执行
*/
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(5 * NSEC_PER_SEC)),dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
        //需要做的延时操作
    });

零零星星写了一些,还有很多没有写,具体在实战中遇到的坑之后再写,暂时就这样.