Vs下调用Qt gui 操作
新建项目——Qt GUI Application——确定后 next —— finish

Buttons 选项栏
Push Button

更改对象名称

按钮添加文字

ctrl+r 查看效果后 返回vs 添加链接

生成项目的文件

.cpp文件中添加槽链接

ui.setupUi(this);
    QObject::connect(ui.openImg, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(OpenImgsSlot()));
    QObject::connect(ui.ErodeImg, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(ErodeImgeSlot()));

相应操作代码[完整版]

#include "Myimshow_img.h"

Myimshow_img::Myimshow_img(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    ui.setupUi(this);
    QObject::connect(ui.openImg, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(OpenImgsSlot()));
    QObject::connect(ui.ErodeImg, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(ErodeImgeSlot()));
}
Myimshow_img::~Myimshow_img()
{

}

void Myimshow_img::OpenImgsSlot()
{
    src = imread("dota.jpg");
    cvtColor(src,src,CV_RGB2RGBA);
    QImage src_1 = QImage((const unsigned char*)(src.data),src.cols,src.rows,QImage::Format_RGB32);//转化成Qimage格式
    QLabel*label = new QLabel(this);
    label->move(200, 150);
    label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(src_1));
    label->resize(label->pixmap()->size());
    label->show();
    
}
void Myimshow_img::ErodeImgeSlot()
{
    
    erode(src,dst,Mat());
    QImage src_2 = QImage((const unsigned char*)(dst.data), dst.cols, dst.rows, QImage::Format_RGB32);//转化成Qimage格式
    QLabel*label = new QLabel(this);
    label->move(200,150);
    label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(src_2));
    label->resize(label->pixmap()->size());
    label->show();
}

在头文件(.h)中添加：

#ifndef  Myimshow_img_H
#define  Myimshow_img_H

#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_Myimshow_img.h"
#include<Qlabel>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace cv;


class Myimshow_img : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
        

public:
    Myimshow_img(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Myimshow_img();

private:
    
    Ui::Myimshow_imgClass ui;
    Mat src;
    Mat dst;
private slots:
    void OpenImgsSlot();
    void ErodeImgeSlot();
};

#endif

效果展示：

打开图片

腐蚀图片