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下载适合的MySQL版本。
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
这是我使用的版本：
mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -
先创建一个目录，用于存放下载软件，然后将下载的软件存放于此：
[root@db01-51 ~]# mkdir -p /server/tools -
创建一个目录用于安装mysql:
[root@db01-51 /]# mkdir application -
解压软件并移动软件到目录\application之下并且命名为mysql.
[root@db01-51 tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@db01-51 tools]# mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /application/ [root@db01-51 application]# mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql -
设置mysql的密码：
[root@db01-51 application]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password 123 -
创建mysql用户，不需要密码，不需要登陆，仅仅是做为服务：
[root@db01-51 bin]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql -
设置环境变量：
vim /etc/profile export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH [root@db01 bin]# source /etc/profile -
进行路径授权：
[root@db01-51 /]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/* [root@db01-51 /]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data -
初始化数据（创建系统数据）：
[root@db01-51 /]# mkdir /data/mysql/data -p [root@db01-51 /]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data[root@db01-51 /]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data 2021-02-01T12:29:04.353665Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2021-02-01T12:29:05.266430Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2021-02-01T12:29:05.352616Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2021-02-01T12:29:05.420295Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 12d55f80-6489-11eb-9440-000c295727dc. 2021-02-01T12:29:05.421609Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2021-02-01T12:29:05.423812Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: TajE=,w#<7mu
配置无密码：
[root@db01-51 /]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
2021-02-01T12:36:51.522350Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use -- explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-02-01T12:36:51.525097Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2021-02-01T12:36:51.525145Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting --
此处报错，解决方式如下： 清除上次初始化时留下的内容，然后进行重新初始化。
[root@db01-51 /]# rm -rf /data/mysql/data/*
[root@db01-51 data]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
2021-02-01T12:40:22.208343Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-02-01T12:40:22.500108Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-02-01T12:40:22.541941Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-02-01T12:40:22.598505Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a67691b2-648a-11eb-a426-000c295727dc.
2021-02-01T12:40:22.599220Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-02-01T12:40:22.599871Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
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编辑配置文件：
[root@db01-51 etc]# cat >/etc/my.cnf <<EOF >[mysqld] >user=mysql >basedir=/application/mysql >datadir=/data/mysql/data >socket=/tmp/mysql.sock >server_id=6 >port=3306 >[mysql] >socket=/tmp/mysql.sock >EOF
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启动数据库：
[root@db01-51 init.d]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@db01-51 etc]# service mysqld restart ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found! Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 或者： [root@db01-51 /]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
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查找是否已启动：
[root@db01-51 etc]# netstat -lnp|grep 3306 tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 11155/mysqld [root@db01-51 etc]# ps -ef|grep 3306 或者直接登陆： [root@db01-51 /]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
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停止MySQL:
[root@db01-51 /]# service mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 或： [root@db01-51 /]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
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使用systemd来管理mysql,使用后就可以通过systemctl start mysqld来进行管理mysql.
vim /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service [Unit] Description=MySQL Server Documentation=man:mysqld(8) Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html After=network.target After=syslog.target [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [Service] User=mysql Group=mysql ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf #配置的话只要把上一行改为实际的路径就可以了。 LimitNOFILE = 5000
