自定义Linux自动安装镜像

需求：

1.全自动安装的centos6.5安装镜像，实现非技术人员能够容易安装linux系统的需求

2. 系统自带云知声医疗系统后台服务程序安装包及其依赖程序

解决方案：

1. 安装镜像自带Anaconda-Kickstart配置文件，并指定其配置

2. 自定义Anaconda-Kickstart配置文件指定其所需自动化过程

准备：

1. centos6.5原始ISO文件（CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso）

2. 使用centos6.5原始ISO文件安装系统后的安装日志（/root/install.log）

3. Anaconda-Kickstart配置文件 (ks.cfg)

4.云知声医疗安装包(yzs)

过程：

挂载centos6.5原始安装镜像

➜ iso mkdir centos6.5

➜ iso mkdir centos6.5_new

➜ iso sudo mount CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso centos6.5_new

➜ iso rsync -a --exclude=Packages/ --exclude=repodata/ centos6.5/ centos6.5_new/

➜ iso sudo mkdir centos6.5_new/{Packages,repodata}

仅将需要安装的软件包集成到镜像

➜ iso cat copy.sh

#!/bin/bash

awk '/Installing/{print $2}' install.log | sed 's/^*://g' >>package.txt

DVD='/home/yunwei/iso/centos6.5/Packages'

PACKDIR='./package.txt'

NEW_DVD='/home/yunwei/iso/centos6.5_new/Packages'

while read LINE

cp ${DVD}/${LINE}*.rpm ${NEW_DVD} || echo "$LINE don't cp......."

done < package.txt

rm -f package.txt

➜ iso sudo sh copy.sh #这里可以将想要安装的rpm放到centos6.5_new/Packages，然后在ks配置文件中配置后安装系统时便可自动安装

#可根据实际需求添加相应的软件包

➜ iso sudo cp centos6.5/repodata/b4e0b9342ef85d3059ff095fa7f140f654c2cb492837de689a58c581207d9632-c6-x86_64-comps.xml centos6.5_new/repodata/c6-x86_64-comps.xml

➜ iso declare -x discinfo=`head -1 .discinfo`

➜ iso sudo createrepo -u "media://$discinfo" -g repodata/c6-x86_64-comps.xml centos6.5_new

将ks.conf 集成到initrd.img

➜ iso mkdir initrd-new

➜ iso cp centos6.5_new/isolinux/initrd.img initrd.img.xz

➜ iso xz --format=lzma initrd.img.xz --decompress

➜ iso cd initrd-new

➜ initrd-new cpio -ivdum < ../initrd.img

➜ initrd-new cp ../ks.cfg var/ks.cfg

➜ initrd-new find . -print |cpio -o -H newc | xz --format=lzma > ../initrd-new.img

➜ initrd-new cd ..

➜ iso sudo cp initrd-new.img centos6.5_new/isolinux/initrd.img

修改引导配置，使其读取ks.cfg配置文件

➜ iso vim centos6.5_new/isolinux/isolinux.cfg

18 label linux

19 menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system

20 menu default

21 kernel vmlinuz

22 append ks=file:/var/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img text

23 label vesa

将云知声医疗安装包放如镜像

➜ iso sudo cp -r yzs centos6.5_new

生成新的ISO镜像文件

➜ iso sudo xorriso -as mkisofs \

-D -r -J -joliet-long -l -V "Custom Install CD" \

-b isolinux/isolinux.bin \

-c isolinux/boot.cat \

-iso-level 3 -no-emul-boot -partition_offset 0 -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \

-isohybrid-mbr --interval:local_fs:0s-15s:zero_mbrpt:'CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso' \

-o Centos6.5-yzs.iso centos6.5_new

Centos6.5-yzs.iso 即为新的镜像。

ks.cfg 示例：

# kickstart template for Fedora 8 and later.

# (includes %end blocks)

# do not use with earlier distros

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T

# System authorization information

#auth --useshadow --enablemd5

authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

# System bootloader configuration

bootloader --location=mbr

# Partition clearing information

clearpart --all --initlabel

#clearpart --all --drives=sda,sdb

#clearpart --drives=sda --initlabel

# Use text mode install

text

unsupported_hardware

# Firewall configuration

firewall --disabled

# Run the Setup Agent on first boot

firstboot --disable

# System keyboard

keyboard us

# System language

lang zh_CN

# Use network installation

#url --url=$tree

# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.

#$yum_repo_stanza

# Network information

#$SNIPPET('network_config')

#network --bootproto=dhcp --device=em1

network --bootproto=dhcp

# Reboot after installation

reboot

#Root password

#rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted

rootpw --iscrypted $6$Vnt9F9FdwNdcxApq$WQn/kfMrmNkPGkAMrrt7dTbvZOXtLTsqDU7/RMA8wp9ih6DAKHZfWrQ1OOF3XQUOwneAWJ6E6Z0ltORY4jUyK0

# SELinux configuration

selinux --disabled

# Do not configure the X Window System

skipx

# System timezone

timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai

# Install OS instead of upgrade

install

#cdrom

%include /tmp/how-setup-include

# Clear the Master Boot Record

zerombr

%include /tmp/part-include

%pre

#!/bin/sh

devs=`grep 0 /sys/block/*/removable|awk -F'/' '{print $4}'|grep -E '.d.'`

dev_a=`grep 0 /sys/block/*/removable|awk -F'/' '{print $4}'|grep -E '.da'`

echo "clearpart --all --drives=`echo $devs|sed 's/ /,/g'`" >> /tmp/part-include

echo "part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=2000 --ondisk $dev_a" >> /tmp/part-include

echo "part swap --size=2000 --ondisk $dev_a" >> /tmp/part-include

echo "part / --fstype=ext4 --size 1 --grow --ondisk $dev_a" >> /tmp/part-include

disk_count=0

for disk in $devs

if [ "$disk" != "$dev_a" ]

then

echo "part /data$disk_count --fstype=ext4 --size 1 --grow --ondisk $disk" >> /tmp/part-include

let disk_count=$disk_count+1

done

mkdir /mount-test

mount /dev/cdrom /mount-test >/dev/null 2>&1

status=$?

if [ "$status" = 0 ]

then

echo cdrom > /tmp/how-setup-include

else

usb_dev=`grep 1 /sys/block/*/removable|awk -F'/' '{print $4}'|grep -E '.d.'`

if [ "${#usb_dev}" = 3 ]

then

echo "harddrive --partition=/dev/${usb_dev}1 --dir=/" >/tmp/how-setup-include

else

exit

%end

%packages

@base

@console-internet

@core

@debugging

@directory-client

@hardware-monitoring

@java-platform

@large-systems

@network-file-system-client

@performance

@perl-runtime

@server-platform

@server-policy

@workstation-policy

pax

oddjob

sgpio

device-mapper-persistent-data

samba-winbind

certmonger

pam_krb5

krb5-workstation

perl-DBD-SQLite

make

man

MySQL-shared-compat

MySQL-devel

MySQL-server

MySQL-client

#glibc-2.12-1.166.el6_7.1.i686

erlang

rabbitmq-server

libstdc++

gcc-c++

mpfr

libgomp

libgcc

cloog-ppl

tcl

gcc

cpp

ppl

libstdc++-devel

redis

%end

#%post --nochroot

#$SNIPPET('log_ks_post_nochroot')

#%end

%post

# set the hostname in the network configuration file

# Show fqdn hostname

sed -i '27a character-set-server=utf8 ' /usr/my.cnf

sed -i '28a collation-server=utf8_general_ci ' /usr/my.cnf

cp /tmp/.mysql_secret /var/.mysql_secret

if mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

then

cp -r /mnt/yzs /

eject /dev/cdrom

else

usb_dev=`grep 1 /sys/block/*/removable|awk -F'/' '{print $4}'|grep -E '.d.'`

for d in $usb_dev

mkdir /tmp/$d

if mount /dev/${d}1 /tmp/$d && test -d /tmp/$d/yzs

then

cp -r /tmp/$d/yzs /

done

%end

写入iso到u盘：

#!/bin/bash

xorriso -as mkisofs \

-D -r -J -joliet-long -l -V "YZS Install" \

-b isolinux/isolinux.bin \

-c isolinux/boot.cat \

-iso-level 3 -no-emul-boot -partition_offset 0 -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \

-isohybrid-mbr --interval:local_fs:0s-15s:zero_mbrpt:'CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso' \

-o Centos6.5-yzs.iso Centos6.5