There be句型
There be+某物/某人+某地/某时
表示“某地/某时有某人/某物”
注意:there无实际含义
be和后面所跟名词在数方面保持一致
例 There is a girl in the classroom. 教室里有一个女孩儿。
与have /has的区别
There be强调某地存在某物
Have/ has强调所有和所属关系,强调某人或某物拥有某物
例 There is a cat at the door. 门口有一只猫。(表明猫在门口)
I have a cat. 我有一只猫。(表明猫是我的)
There are flowers in the garden. 花园里有花。(表明花在花园里)
I have flowers. 我有花。(表明花是我的)
谓语动词(be)
There is+可数名词单数/不可数名词 +地点状语
There are +可数数名词复数 +地点状语
主语为并列名词,谓语(be)和它最近的主语保持一致(就近原则)
例 There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。
There are some apples on the table. 桌子上有一些苹果。
There is a bed and two chairs in the bedroom. 卧室里有一张床和两把椅子。
否定句
There be+not+某物/某人+某地/某时
例 There is not a boy in the room. 房子里没有一个男孩。
There isn't any water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有一些水。
一般疑问句
Be there+某物/某人+某地/某时 ?
(同时some变any)
肯定回答:Yes,there is /are.
否定回答:No,there isn't/aren't.
例 Are there any flowers in the garden? 花园里有一些花吗?
Yes,there are. 是的,有一些。
(有问号“?” there be变be there)
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句+一般疑问句
对主语提问:人用who,物用what(there在口语中常省略)
例 There is a bird in the tree.
——What's in the tree?树上有什么?
There is a little girl in the room.
——Who is in the room?谁在房间里?
注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。
例 There are some bikes over there.
——What's over there?那边有什么?
对地点状语提问:“Where is \are+主语?”(注意其答语变化)。
例 There is a computer in my office,我的办公室有一台计算机。
——Where is the computer?计算机在哪里?
——It's in my office. 在我办公室。
There are four children in the classroom. 教室里有四个孩子。
——Where are the four children?四个孩子在哪里?
——They're in the classroom,他们在教室。
对于数量提问:
主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数
用How many+可数名词复数+are there+介词短语?
例 There are twelve months in a year. 一年有12个月。
——How many months are there in a year?一年有多少个月?
There is only one book in my bag. 我的包里只有一本书。
——How many books are there in your bag?你的包里有几本书?
主语是不可数名词
用How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?
例 There is some money in my purse.我的钱包里有一些钱。
——How much money is there in your purse?你的钱包里有多少钱?
注意:只有在一般疑问句里可数名词,不管单数复数都用复数提问。
其他(特殊疑问句和不可数名词)都是不管单数复数都用单数提问。