话说热修复技术也是个热门技术噢，一直没玩过，现在来写个Demo做个测试吧，选来选去，就选定Tinker啦！

tinker的Github地址：https://github.com/Tencent/tinker
（介绍也挺详细的，认真看看）

emmmm，最好先把示例项目代码下载下来，跑一遍，跑通了，然后参考 tinker-sample-android 代码写好自己的demo，这里下载了整个工程后，打开的时候记得单独导入 tinker-sample-android，然后自己修改点点配置，比如TINKER_ID，打补丁包的时候，修改下 app 中 build.gradle 中的基准包地址什么的，就OK啦。

所以，跟着文档一起吧，开始写个测试demo接入下吧，先新建一个项目TinkerTest 。

首先，在项目的 build.gradle 加入插件 tinker-gradle-plugin 作为依赖，我的项目中代码如下所示：

dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.3'
        classpath "com.tencent.tinker:tinker-patch-gradle-plugin:${TINKER_VERSION}"

        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }

然后，就是 app 模块下的 build.gradle 引入插件，以及添加依赖这类，由于还有tinker的一些其他配置，主要配置详情都是从 tinker-sample-android 配置拷贝来的，不需要更改太多，个别可以根据自己需求来，代码如下：

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

def javaVersion = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    buildToolsVersion '27.0.3'

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility javaVersion
        targetCompatibility javaVersion
    }

    //recommend
    dexOptions {
        jumboMode = true
    }

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.pyn.tinkertest"
        minSdkVersion 14
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

        /**
         * you can use multiDex and install it in your ApplicationLifeCycle implement
         */
        multiDexEnabled true
        /**
         * buildConfig can change during patch!
         * we can use the newly value when patch
         */
        buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the base apk\""
//        buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the patch apk\""

        /**
         * client version would update with patch
         * so we can get the newly git version easily!
         */
        buildConfigField "String", "TINKER_ID", "\"${getTinkerIdValue()}\""
        buildConfigField "String", "PLATFORM", "\"all\""
    }

    signingConfigs {
        release {
            try {
                storeFile file("./keystore/tinkertest.jks")
                storePassword "123456"
                keyAlias "tinkertest"
                keyPassword "123456"
            } catch (ex) {
                throw new InvalidUserDataException(ex.toString())
            }
        }
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled true
            signingConfig signingConfigs.release
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
        debug {
            debuggable true
            minifyEnabled false
        }
    }

    sourceSets {
        main {
            jniLibs.srcDirs = ['libs']
        }
    }
}

repositories {
    flatDir {
        dirs 'libs'
    }
}

def gitSha() {
    try {
        String gitRev = 'git rev-parse --short HEAD'.execute(null, project.rootDir).text.trim()
        if (gitRev == null) {
            throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")
        }
        return gitRev
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")
    }
}

def bakPath = file("${buildDir}/bakApk/")

/**
 * you can use assembleRelease to build you base apk
 * use tinkerPatchRelease -POLD_APK=  -PAPPLY_MAPPING=  -PAPPLY_RESOURCE= to build patch
 * add apk from the build/bakApk
 */
ext {
    //for some reason, you may want to ignore tinkerBuild, such as instant run debug build?
    tinkerEnabled = true

    //for normal build
    //old apk file to build patch apk
    tinkerOldApkPath = "${bakPath}/app-release-0702-13-41-18.apk"
    //proguard mapping file to build patch apk
    tinkerApplyMappingPath = "${bakPath}/app-release-0702-13-41-18-mapping.txt"
    //resource R.txt to build patch apk, must input if there is resource changed
    tinkerApplyResourcePath = "${bakPath}/app-release-0702-13-41-18-R.txt"

    //only use for build all flavor, if not, just ignore this field
    tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory = "${bakPath}/app-0702-13-41-18"
}


def getOldApkPath() {
    return hasProperty("OLD_APK") ? OLD_APK : ext.tinkerOldApkPath
}

def getApplyMappingPath() {
    return hasProperty("APPLY_MAPPING") ? APPLY_MAPPING : ext.tinkerApplyMappingPath
}

def getApplyResourceMappingPath() {
    return hasProperty("APPLY_RESOURCE") ? APPLY_RESOURCE : ext.tinkerApplyResourcePath
}

def getTinkerIdValue() {
    return hasProperty("TINKER_ID") ? TINKER_ID : gitSha()
}

def buildWithTinker() {
    return hasProperty("TINKER_ENABLE") ? Boolean.parseBoolean(TINKER_ENABLE) : ext.tinkerEnabled
}

def getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory() {
    return ext.tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory
}

if (buildWithTinker()) {
    apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'

    tinkerPatch {
        /**
         * necessary，default 'null'
         * the old apk path, use to diff with the new apk to build
         * add apk from the build/bakApk
         */
        oldApk = getOldApkPath()
        /**
         * optional，default 'false'
         * there are some cases we may get some warnings
         * if ignoreWarning is true, we would just assert the patch process
         * case 1: minSdkVersion is below 14, but you are using dexMode with raw.
         *         it must be crash when load.
         * case 2: newly added Android Component in AndroidManifest.xml,
         *         it must be crash when load.
         * case 3: loader classes in dex.loader{} are not keep in the main dex,
         *         it must be let tinker not work.
         * case 4: loader classes in dex.loader{} changes,
         *         loader classes is ues to load patch dex. it is useless to change them.
         *         it won't crash, but these changes can't effect. you may ignore it
         * case 5: resources.arsc has changed, but we don't use applyResourceMapping to build
         */
        ignoreWarning = false

        /**
         * optional，default 'true'
         * whether sign the patch file
         * if not, you must do yourself. otherwise it can't check success during the patch loading
         * we will use the sign config with your build type
         */
        useSign = true

        /**
         * optional，default 'true'
         * whether use tinker to build
         */
        tinkerEnable = buildWithTinker()

        /**
         * Warning, applyMapping will affect the normal android build!
         */
        buildConfig {
            /**
             * optional，default 'null'
             * if we use tinkerPatch to build the patch apk, you'd better to apply the old
             * apk mapping file if minifyEnabled is enable!
             * Warning:
             * you must be careful that it will affect the normal assemble build!
             */
            applyMapping = getApplyMappingPath()
            /**
             * optional，default 'null'
             * It is nice to keep the resource id from R.txt file to reduce java changes
             */
            applyResourceMapping = getApplyResourceMappingPath()

            /**
             * necessary，default 'null'
             * because we don't want to check the base apk with md5 in the runtime(it is slow)
             * tinkerId is use to identify the unique base apk when the patch is tried to apply.
             * we can use git rev, svn rev or simply versionCode.
             * we will gen the tinkerId in your manifest automatic
             */
            tinkerId = getTinkerIdValue()

            /**
             * if keepDexApply is true, class in which dex refer to the old apk.
             * open this can reduce the dex diff file size.
             */
            keepDexApply = false

            /**
             * optional, default 'false'
             * Whether tinker should treat the base apk as the one being protected by app
             * protection tools.
             * If this attribute is true, the generated patch package will contain a
             * dex including all changed classes instead of any dexdiff patch-info files.
             */
            isProtectedApp = true

            /**
             * optional, default 'false'
             * Whether tinker should support component hotplug (add new component dynamically).
             * If this attribute is true, the component added in new apk will be available after
             * patch is successfully loaded. Otherwise an error would be announced when generating patch
             * on compile-time.
             *
             * <b>Notice that currently this feature is incubating and only support NON-EXPORTED Activity</b>
             */
            supportHotplugComponent = false
        }

        dex {
            /**
             * optional，default 'jar'
             * only can be 'raw' or 'jar'. for raw, we would keep its original format
             * for jar, we would repack dexes with zip format.
             * if you want to support below 14, you must use jar
             * or you want to save rom or check quicker, you can use raw mode also
             */
            dexMode = "jar"

            /**
             * necessary，default '[]'
             * what dexes in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch
             * it support * or ? pattern.
             */
            pattern = ["classes*.dex",
                       "assets/secondary-dex-?.jar"]
            /**
             * necessary，default '[]'
             * Warning, it is very very important, loader classes can't change with patch.
             * thus, they will be removed from patch dexes.
             * you must put the following class into main dex.
             * Simply, you should add your own application {@code tinker.sample.android.SampleApplication}
             * own tinkerLoader, and the classes you use in them
             *
             */
            loader = [
                    //use sample, let BaseBuildInfo unchangeable with tinker
                    "tinker.sample.android.app.BaseBuildInfo"
            ]
        }

        lib {
            /**
             * optional，default '[]'
             * what library in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch
             * it support * or ? pattern.
             * for library in assets, we would just recover them in the patch directory
             * you can get them in TinkerLoadResult with Tinker
             */
            pattern = ["lib/*/*.so"]
        }

        res {
            /**
             * optional，default '[]'
             * what resource in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch
             * it support * or ? pattern.
             * you must include all your resources in apk here,
             * otherwise, they won't repack in the new apk resources.
             */
            pattern = ["res/*", "assets/*", "resources.arsc", "AndroidManifest.xml"]

            /**
             * optional，default '[]'
             * the resource file exclude patterns, ignore add, delete or modify resource change
             * it support * or ? pattern.
             * Warning, we can only use for files no relative with resources.arsc
             */
            ignoreChange = ["assets/sample_meta.txt"]

            /**
             * default 100kb
             * for modify resource, if it is larger than 'largeModSize'
             * we would like to use bsdiff algorithm to reduce patch file size
             */
            largeModSize = 100
        }

        packageConfig {
            /**
             * optional，default 'TINKER_ID, TINKER_ID_VALUE' 'NEW_TINKER_ID, NEW_TINKER_ID_VALUE'
             * package meta file gen. path is assets/package_meta.txt in patch file
             * you can use securityCheck.getPackageProperties() in your ownPackageCheck method
             * or TinkerLoadResult.getPackageConfigByName
             * we will get the TINKER_ID from the old apk manifest for you automatic,
             * other config files (such as patchMessage below)is not necessary
             */
            configField("patchMessage", "tinker is sample to use")
            /**
             * just a sample case, you can use such as sdkVersion, brand, channel...
             * you can parse it in the SamplePatchListener.
             * Then you can use patch conditional!
             */
            configField("platform", "all")
            /**
             * patch version via packageConfig
             */
            configField("patchVersion", "1.0")
        }
        //or you can add config filed outside, or get meta value from old apk
        //project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test1", project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.getMetaDataFromOldApk("Test"))
        //project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test2", "sample")

        /**
         * if you don't use zipArtifact or path, we just use 7za to try
         */
        sevenZip {
            /**
             * optional，default '7za'
             * the 7zip artifact path, it will use the right 7za with your platform
             */
            zipArtifact = "com.tencent.mm:SevenZip:1.1.10"
            /**
             * optional，default '7za'
             * you can specify the 7za path yourself, it will overwrite the zipArtifact value
             */
//        path = "/usr/local/bin/7za"
        }
    }

    List<String> flavors = new ArrayList<>();
    project.android.productFlavors.each { flavor ->
        flavors.add(flavor.name)
    }
    boolean hasFlavors = flavors.size() > 0
    def date = new Date().format("MMdd-HH-mm-ss")

    /**
     * bak apk and mapping
     */
    android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
        /**
         * task type, you want to bak
         */
        def taskName = variant.name

        tasks.all {
            if ("assemble${taskName.capitalize()}".equalsIgnoreCase(it.name)) {

                it.doLast {
                    copy {
                        def fileNamePrefix = "${project.name}-${variant.baseName}"
                        def newFileNamePrefix = hasFlavors ? "${fileNamePrefix}" : "${fileNamePrefix}-${date}"

                        def destPath = hasFlavors ? file("${bakPath}/${project.name}-${date}/${variant.flavorName}") : bakPath
                        from variant.outputs.first().outputFile
                        into destPath
                        rename { String fileName ->
                            fileName.replace("${fileNamePrefix}.apk", "${newFileNamePrefix}.apk")
                        }

                        from "${buildDir}/outputs/mapping/${variant.dirName}/mapping.txt"
                        into destPath
                        rename { String fileName ->
                            fileName.replace("mapping.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-mapping.txt")
                        }

                        from "${buildDir}/intermediates/symbols/${variant.dirName}/R.txt"
                        into destPath
                        rename { String fileName ->
                            fileName.replace("R.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-R.txt")
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    project.afterEvaluate {
        //sample use for build all flavor for one time
        if (hasFlavors) {
            task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorRelease) {
                group = 'tinker'
                def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()
                for (String flavor : flavors) {
                    def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Release")
                    dependsOn tinkerTask
                    def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}ReleaseManifest")
                    preAssembleTask.doFirst {
                        String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 15)
                        project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release.apk"
                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-mapping.txt"
                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-R.txt"

                    }

                }
            }

            task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorDebug) {
                group = 'tinker'
                def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()
                for (String flavor : flavors) {
                    def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Debug")
                    dependsOn tinkerTask
                    def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}DebugManifest")
                    preAssembleTask.doFirst {
                        String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 13)
                        project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug.apk"
                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-mapping.txt"
                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-R.txt"
                    }

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.+'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
    //optional, help to generate the final application
    annotationProcessor("com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:${TINKER_VERSION}") {
        changing = true
    }
    compileOnly("com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:${TINKER_VERSION}") { changing = true }
    //tinker's main Android lib
    implementation("com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:${TINKER_VERSION}") { changing = true }
    implementation 'com.tbruyelle.rxpermissions2:rxpermissions:0.9.5@aar'
    implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.0.2'
    implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.16'
    implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'
}

像 TINKER_ID 、TINKER_VERSION 我这是配置在 gradle.properties 中的：

image.png

新建一个 MyTinkerApplicationLike 类继承 DefaultApplicationLike ：

@DefaultLifeCycle(
        application = "com.pyn.MyTinkerApplication",  //application name to generate
        flags = ShareConstants.TINKER_ENABLE_ALL,
        loadVerifyFlag = false)
public class MyTinkerApplicationLike extends DefaultApplicationLike {

    public MyTinkerApplicationLike(Application application, int tinkerFlags, boolean tinkerLoadVerifyFlag, long applicationStartElapsedTime, long applicationStartMillisTime, Intent tinkerResultIntent) {
        super(application, tinkerFlags, tinkerLoadVerifyFlag, applicationStartElapsedTime, applicationStartMillisTime, tinkerResultIntent);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBaseContextAttached(Context base) {
        super.onBaseContextAttached(base);
        MultiDex.install(base);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        TinkerInstaller.install(this);
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml：

image.png

MainActivity：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

    RxPermissions rxPermission;
    TextView tvContent;
    Button btnRepair;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        rxPermission = new RxPermissions(MainActivity.this);
        rxPermission.requestEach(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
                .subscribe(new Consumer<Permission>() {
                    @Override
                    public void accept(Permission permission) throws Exception {
                        if (permission.granted) {
                            // 用户已经同意该权限
                            Log.d(TAG, permission.name + " is granted.");
                        } else if (permission.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale) {
                            // 用户拒绝了该权限，没有选中『不再询问』（Never ask again）,那么下次再次启动时，还会提示请求权限的对话框
                            Log.d(TAG, permission.name + " is denied. More info should be provided.");
                        } else {
                            // 用户拒绝了该权限，并且选中『不再询问』
                            Log.d(TAG, permission.name + " is denied.");
                        }
                    }
                });

        initViews();
    }

    private void initViews() {
        tvContent = findViewById(R.id.tv_content);
        btnRepair = findViewById(R.id.btn_repair);

        btnRepair.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                loadPatch();
            }
        });
    }

    private void loadPatch() {
        TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(getApplicationContext(),
                Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/patch.apk");
    }
}

然后就是编译了，先来个debug包：

image.png

image.png

image.png

image.png

image.png

我这里有个配置 isProtectedApp = true 是为了让包支持加固，测试爱加固也是成功的，默认的配置都是false，要支持加固得设置成 true 。

当然还有一些配置的具体意义， GitHub 也有详细的描述，还有 TinkerPatch 是官方提供的补丁管理后台，这个集成更加简单了，如果不想用自己公司的后台管理补丁，直接用人家也蛮方便的，不过超过一定的量收费噢~ 哈哈，现在 bugly 平台中的热修复也是 tinker 方案，这个就免费，真是良心啊。

最后再来补充一点，在补丁包加载的时候，应用会直接关闭，感觉就是有bug闪退了一般，当然这种体验是极度不好的， tinker-sample-android 中写好了最佳实践的代码，可以自定义一些加载回调啊，服务啊，来满足自己的需求，建议直接拷贝 SampleResultService.java 这个 Service 类（记得在AndroidManifest.xml中注册），它在应用退入后台或手机灭屏时，才杀掉进程，神不知鬼不觉的就把补丁包打好了，啧啧啧，这样也大大提升了用户体验。然后在初始化 tinker 这里，MyTinkerApplicationLike中，修改一下代码，如截图所示：

image.png