问:什么是 IdleHandler?有什么用?怎么用?
答:IdleHandler 可以用来提升性能,主要用在我们希望能够在当前线程消息队列空闲时做些事情(譬如 UI 线程在显示完成后,如果线程空闲我们就可以提前准备其他内容)的情况下,不过最好不要做耗时操作。具体用法如下。
//getMainLooper().myQueue()或者Looper.myQueue()
Looper.myQueue().addIdleHandler(new IdleHandler() {
@Override
public boolean queueIdle() {
//你要处理的事情
return false;
}
});
关于 IdleHandler 在 MessageQueue 与 Looper 和 Handler 的关系原理源码分析如下:
/**
* 获取当前线程队列使用Looper.myQueue(),获取主线程队列可用getMainLooper().myQueue()
*/
public final class MessageQueue {
......
/**
* 当前队列将进入阻塞等待消息时调用该接口回调,即队列空闲
*/
public static interface IdleHandler {
/**
* 返回true就是单次回调后不删除,下次进入空闲时继续回调该方法,false只回调单次。
*/
boolean queueIdle();
}
/**
* <p>This method is safe to call from any thread.
* 判断当前队列是不是空闲的,辅助方法
*/
public boolean isIdle() {
synchronized (this) {
final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
return mMessages == null || now < mMessages.when;
}
}
/**
* <p>This method is safe to call from any thread.
* 添加一个IdleHandler到队列,如果IdleHandler接口方法返回false则执行完会自动删除,
* 否则需要手动removeIdleHandler。
*/
public void addIdleHandler(@NonNull IdleHandler handler) {
if (handler == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("Can't add a null IdleHandler");
}
synchronized (this) {
mIdleHandlers.add(handler);
}
}
/**
* <p>This method is safe to call from any thread.
* 删除一个之前添加的 IdleHandler。
*/
public void removeIdleHandler(@NonNull IdleHandler handler) {
synchronized (this) {
mIdleHandlers.remove(handler);
}
}
......
//Looper的prepare()方法会通过ThreadLocal准备当前线程的MessageQueue实例,
//然后在loop()方法中死循环调用当前队列的next()方法获取Message。
Message next() {
......
for (;;) {
......
nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis);
synchronized (this) {
......
//把通过addIdleHandler添加的IdleHandler转成数组存起来在mPendingIdleHandlers中
// If first time idle, then get the number of idlers to run.
// Idle handles only run if the queue is empty or if the first message
// in the queue (possibly a barrier) is due to be handled in the future.
if (pendingIdleHandlerCount < 0
&& (mMessages == null || now < mMessages.when)) {
pendingIdleHandlerCount = mIdleHandlers.size();
}
if (pendingIdleHandlerCount <= 0) {
// No idle handlers to run. Loop and wait some more.
mBlocked = true;
continue;
}
if (mPendingIdleHandlers == null) {
mPendingIdleHandlers = new IdleHandler[Math.max(pendingIdleHandlerCount, 4)];
}
mPendingIdleHandlers = mIdleHandlers.toArray(mPendingIdleHandlers);
}
// Run the idle handlers.
// We only ever reach this code block during the first iteration.
//循环遍历所有IdleHandler
for (int i = 0; i < pendingIdleHandlerCount; i++) {
final IdleHandler idler = mPendingIdleHandlers[i];
mPendingIdleHandlers[i] = null; // release the reference to the handler
boolean keep = false;
try {
//调用IdleHandler接口的queueIdle方法并获取返回值。
keep = idler.queueIdle();
} catch (Throwable t) {
Log.wtf(TAG, "IdleHandler threw exception", t);
}
//如果IdleHandler接口的queueIdle方法返回false说明只执行一次需要删除。
if (!keep) {
synchronized (this) {
mIdleHandlers.remove(idler);
}
}
}
......
}
}
}
本文参考自 面试题之 IdleHandler 相关原理浅析