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一、文件下载
获取资源文件大小有两张方式
1、
[objc]view plaincopy
HTTP HEAD方法
NSMutableURLRequest*request = [NSMutableURLRequestrequestWithURL:urlcachePolicy:0timeoutInterval:kTimeout];
request.HTTPMethod=@"HEAD";
[NSURLConnectionsendAsynchronousRequest:requestqueue:self.myQueuecompletionHandler:^(NSURLResponse*response,NSData*data,NSError*connectionError) {
NSLog(@"%@", response);
NSLog(@"---------------");
NSLog(@"%@", data);
}];
运行测试代码可以发现,HEAD方法只是返回资源信息,而不会返回数据体
应用场景:
获取资源Mimetype
获取资源文件大小,用于端点续传或多线程下载
2
[objc]view plaincopy
使用块代码获取网络资源大小的方法
- (void)fileSizeWithURL:(NSURL*)urlcompletion:(void(^)(longlongcontentLength))completion
{
NSMutableURLRequest*request = [NSMutableURLRequestrequestWithURL:urlcachePolicy:0timeoutInterval:kTimeout];
request.HTTPMethod=@"HEAD";
NSURLResponse*response =nil;
[NSURLConnectionsendSynchronousRequest:requestreturningResponse:&responseerror:NULL];
completion(response.expectedContentLength);
}
确定每次下载数据包的伪代码实现
[objc]view plaincopy
- (void)downloadFileWithURL:(NSURL*)url
{
[selffileSizeWithURL:urlcompletion:^(longlongcontentLength) {
NSLog(@"文件总大小:%lld", contentLength);
// 根据大小下载文件
while(contentLength > kDownloadBytes) {
NSLog(@"每次下载长度:%lld", (longlong)kDownloadBytes);
contentLength -= kDownloadBytes;
}
NSLog(@"最后下载字节数:%lld", contentLength);
}];
}
HTTP Range的示例
通过设置Range可以指定每次从网路下载数据包的大小
Range示例
bytes=0-499从0到499的头500个字节
bytes=500-999从500到999的第二个500字节
bytes=500-从500字节以后的所有字节
bytes=-500最后500个字节
bytes=500-599,800-899同时指定几个范围
Range小结
-用于分隔
前面的数字表示起始字节数
后面的数组表示截止字节数,没有表示到末尾
,用于分组,可以一次指定多个Range,不过很少用
[objc]view plaincopy
分段Range代码实现
longlongfromBytes =0;
longlongtoBytes =0;
while(contentLength > kDownloadBytes) {
toBytes = fromBytes + kDownloadBytes -1;
NSString*range = [NSStringstringWithFormat:@"bytes=%lld-%lld", fromBytes,toBytes];
NSLog(@"range %@", range);
fromBytes += kDownloadBytes;
contentLength -= kDownloadBytes;
}
fromBytes = fromBytes + contentLength -1;
NSString*range = [NSStringstringWithFormat:@"bytes=%lld-%lld", fromBytes,toBytes];
NSLog(@"range %@", range);
[objc]view plaincopy
分段下载文件
NSMutableURLRequest*request = [NSMutableURLRequestrequestWithURL:urlcachePolicy:NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringCacheDatatimeoutInterval:kTimeout];
NSString*range = [NSStringstringWithFormat:@"bytes=%lld-%lld", from,end];
[requestsetValue:rangeforHTTPHeaderField:@"Range"];
NSURLResponse*response =nil;
NSData*data = [NSURLConnectionsendSynchronousRequest:requestreturningResponse:&responseerror:NULL];
NSLog(@"%@-%@-%ld", range, response, (unsignedlong)data.length);
提示:
如果GET包含Range请求头,响应会以状态码206(PartialContent)返回而不是200(OK)
[objc]view plaincopy
将数据写入文件
// 打开缓存文件
NSFileHandle*fp = [NSFileHandlefileHandleForWritingAtPath:self.cachePath];
// 如果文件不存在,直接写入数据
if(!fp) {
[datawriteToFile:self.cachePathatomically:YES];
}else{
// 移动到文件末尾
[fpseekToEndOfFile];
// 将数据文件追加到文件末尾
[fpwriteData:data];
// 关闭文件句柄
[fpcloseFile];
}
[objc]view plaincopy
检查文件大小
// 判断文件是否存在
if([[NSFileManagerdefaultManager]fileExistsAtPath:self.cachePath]) {
NSDictionary*dict = [[NSFileManagerdefaultManager]attributesOfItemAtPath:self.cachePatherror:NULL];
return[dict[NSFileSize]longLongValue];
}else{
return0;
}
提示:由于数据是追加的,为了避免重复从网络下载文件,在下载之前
判断缓存路径中文件是否已经存在
如果存在检查文件大小
如果文件大小与网络资源大小一致,则不再下载
全部代码如下
[objc]view plaincopy
// 01.文件下载
//
#import "MJViewController.h"
#import "FileDownload.h"
@interfaceMJViewController ()
@property(nonatomic,strong)FileDownload*download;
@property(weak,nonatomic) IBOutletUIImageView*imageView;
@end
@implementationMJViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[superviewDidLoad];
self.download= [[FileDownloadalloc]init];
[self.downloaddownloadFileWithURL:[NSURLURLWithString:@"http://localhost/itcast/images/head4.png"]completion:^(UIImage*image) {
self.imageView.image= image;
}];
}
@end
[objc]view plaincopy
//
// FileDownload.m
// 01.文件下载.
//
#import "FileDownload.h"
#import "NSString+Password.h"
#define kTimeOut 2.0f
// 每次下载的字节数
#define kBytesPerTimes 20250
@interfaceFileDownload()
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString*cacheFile;
@property(nonatomic,strong)UIImage*cacheImage;
@end
@implementationFileDownload
/**
为了保证开发的简单,所有方法都不使用多线程,所有的注意力都保持在文件下载上
在开发中如果碰到比较绕的计算问题时,建议:
1> 测试数据不要太大
2> 测试数据的数值变化,能够用笔算计算出准确的数值
3> 编写代码对照测试
*/
//- (NSString *)cacheFile
//{
// if (!_cacheFile) {
// NSString *cacheDir = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[0];
// _cacheFile = [cacheDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"123.png"];
// }
// return _cacheFile;
//}
- (UIImage*)cacheImage
{
if(!_cacheImage) {
_cacheImage = [UIImageimageWithContentsOfFile:self.cacheFile];
}
return_cacheImage;
}
- (void)setCacheFile:(NSString*)urlStr
{
NSString*cacheDir = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask,YES)[0];
urlStr = [urlStrMD5];
_cacheFile = [cacheDirstringByAppendingPathComponent:urlStr];
}
- (void)downloadFileWithURL:(NSURL*)urlcompletion:(void(^)(UIImage*image))completion
{
// GCD中的串行队列异步方法
dispatch_queue_t q = dispatch_queue_create("cn.itcast.download", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
dispatch_async(q, ^{
NSLog(@"%@", [NSThreadcurrentThread]);
// 把对URL进行MD5加密之后的结果当成文件名
self.cacheFile= [urlabsoluteString];
// 1. 从网络下载文件,需要知道这个文件的大小
longlongfileSize = [selffileSizeWithURL:url];
// 计算本地缓存文件大小
longlongcacheFileSize = [selflocalFileSize];
if(cacheFileSize == fileSize) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
completion(self.cacheImage);
});
NSLog(@"文件已经存在");
return;
}
// 2. 确定每个数据包的大小
longlongfromB =0;
longlongtoB =0;
// 计算起始和结束的字节数
while(fileSize > kBytesPerTimes) {
// 20480 + 20480
//
toB = fromB + kBytesPerTimes -1;
// 3. 分段下载文件
[selfdownloadDataWithURL:urlfromB:fromBtoB:toB];
fileSize -= kBytesPerTimes;
fromB += kBytesPerTimes;
}
[selfdownloadDataWithURL:urlfromB:fromBtoB:fromB + fileSize -1];
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
completion(self.cacheImage);
});
});
}
#pragma mark 下载指定字节范围的数据包
/**
NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy = 0, // 默认的缓存策略,内存缓存
NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData = 1, // 忽略本地的内存缓存
NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringCacheData
*/
- (void)downloadDataWithURL:(NSURL*)urlfromB:(longlong)fromBtoB:(longlong)toB
{
NSLog(@"数据包:%@", [NSThreadcurrentThread]);
NSMutableURLRequest*request = [NSMutableURLRequestrequestWithURL:urlcachePolicy:NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringCacheDatatimeoutInterval:kTimeOut];
// 指定请求中所要GET的字节范围
NSString*range = [NSStringstringWithFormat:@"Bytes=%lld-%lld", fromB,toB];
[requestsetValue:rangeforHTTPHeaderField:@"Range"];
NSLog(@"%@", range);
NSURLResponse*response =nil;
NSData*data = [NSURLConnectionsendSynchronousRequest:requestreturningResponse:&responseerror:NULL];
// 写入文件,覆盖文件不会追加
// [data writeToFile:@"/Users/aplle/Desktop/1.png" atomically:YES];
[selfappendData:data];
NSLog(@"%@", response);
}
#pragma mark - 读取本地缓存文件大小
- (longlong)localFileSize
{
// 读取本地文件信息
NSDictionary*dict = [[NSFileManagerdefaultManager]attributesOfItemAtPath:self.cacheFileerror:NULL];
NSLog(@"%lld", [dict[NSFileSize]longLongValue]);
return[dict[NSFileSize]longLongValue];
}
#pragma mark - 追加数据到文件
- (void)appendData:(NSData*)data
{
// 判断文件是否存在
NSFileHandle*fp = [NSFileHandlefileHandleForWritingAtPath:self.cacheFile];
// 如果文件不存在创建文件
if(!fp) {
[datawriteToFile:self.cacheFileatomically:YES];
}else{
// 如果文件已经存在追加文件
// 1> 移动到文件末尾
[fpseekToEndOfFile];
// 2> 追加数据
[fpwriteData:data];
// 3> 写入文件
[fpcloseFile];
}
}
#pragma mark - 获取网络文件大小
- (longlong)fileSizeWithURL:(NSURL*)url
{
// 默认是GET
NSMutableURLRequest*request = [NSMutableURLRequestrequestWithURL:urlcachePolicy:0timeoutInterval:kTimeOut];
// HEAD 头,只是返回文件资源的信息,不返回具体是数据
// 如果要获取资源的MIMEType,也必须用HEAD,否则,数据会被重复下载两次
request.HTTPMethod=@"HEAD";
// 使用同步方法获取文件大小
NSURLResponse*response =nil;
[NSURLConnectionsendSynchronousRequest:requestreturningResponse:&responseerror:NULL];
// expectedContentLength文件在网络上的大小
NSLog(@"%lld", response.expectedContentLength);
returnresponse.expectedContentLength;
}
@end
二、文件上传
代码如下
[objc]view plaincopy
//
// MJViewController.m
// 02.Post上传
//
#import "MJViewController.h"
#import "UploadFile.h"
@interfaceMJViewController ()
@end
@implementationMJViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[superviewDidLoad];
UploadFile*upload = [[UploadFilealloc]init];
NSString*urlString =@"http://localhost/upload.php";
NSString*path = [[NSBundlemainBundle]pathForResource:@"头像1.png"ofType:nil];
NSData*data = [NSDatadataWithContentsOfFile:path];
[uploaduploadFileWithURL:[NSURLURLWithString:urlString]data:data];
}
@end
[objc]view plaincopy
//
// UploadFile.m
// 02.Post上传
//
#import "UploadFile.h"
@implementationUploadFile
// 拼接字符串
staticNSString*boundaryStr =@"--";// 分隔字符串
staticNSString*randomIDStr;// 本次上传标示字符串
staticNSString*uploadID;// 上传(php)脚本中,接收文件字段
- (instancetype)init
{
self= [superinit];
if(self) {
randomIDStr =@"itcast";
uploadID =@"uploadFile";
}
returnself;
}
#pragma mark - 私有方法
- (NSString*)topStringWithMimeType:(NSString*)mimeTypeuploadFile:(NSString*)uploadFile
{
NSMutableString*strM = [NSMutableStringstring];
[strMappendFormat:@"%@%@\n", boundaryStr,randomIDStr];
[strMappendFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%@\"; filename=\"%@\"\n", uploadID,uploadFile];
[strMappendFormat:@"Content-Type: %@\n\n",mimeType];
NSLog(@"%@", strM);
return[strMcopy];
}
- (NSString*)bottomString
{
NSMutableString*strM = [NSMutableStringstring];
[strMappendFormat:@"%@%@\n", boundaryStr,randomIDStr];
[strMappendString:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"submit\"\n\n"];
[strMappendString:@"Submit\n"];
[strMappendFormat:@"%@%@--\n", boundaryStr,randomIDStr];
NSLog(@"%@", strM);
return[strMcopy];
}
#pragma mark - 上传文件
- (void)uploadFileWithURL:(NSURL*)urldata:(NSData*)data
{
// 1> 数据体
NSString*topStr = [selftopStringWithMimeType:@"image/png"uploadFile:@"头像1.png"];
NSString*bottomStr = [selfbottomString];
NSMutableData*dataM = [NSMutableDatadata];
[dataMappendData:[topStrdataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
[dataMappendData:data];
[dataMappendData:[bottomStrdataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
// 1. Request
NSMutableURLRequest*request = [NSMutableURLRequestrequestWithURL:urlcachePolicy:0timeoutInterval:2.0f];
// dataM出了作用域就会被释放,因此不用copy
request.HTTPBody= dataM;
// 2> 设置Request的头属性
request.HTTPMethod=@"POST";
// 3> 设置Content-Length
NSString*strLength = [NSStringstringWithFormat:@"%ld", (long)dataM.length];
[requestsetValue:strLengthforHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
// 4> 设置Content-Type
NSString*strContentType = [NSStringstringWithFormat:@"multipart/form-data; boundary=%@",randomIDStr];
[requestsetValue:strContentTypeforHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
// 3> 连接服务器发送请求
[NSURLConnectionsendAsynchronousRequest:requestqueue:[[NSOperationQueuealloc]init]completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse*response,NSData*data,NSError*connectionError) {
NSString*result = [[NSStringalloc]initWithData:dataencoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"%@", result);
}];
}
@end