继承和多态

静态工厂方法模式

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
// objective-c 推荐用以下方式创建枚举
typedef  NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, ZPEmployeeType) {
    ZPEmployeeTypeManager,
    ZPEmployeeTypeEngineer,
    ZPEmployeeTypeSalesman
};

@interface ZPEmployee : NSObject
/**名字*/
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;

/**工资*/
@property (nonatomic, readonly) double salary;// 只读，要写getter方法

/**初始化*/
// 隐藏多种员工子类型的细节只暴露员工接口给用户调用
+ (instancetype) employeeWithType:(ZPEmployeeType) type;
@end

#import "ZPEmployee.h"
#import "ZPEngineer.h"
#import "ZPManager.h"
#import "ZPSalesman.h"

@implementation ZPEmployee
// 终极原则：高内聚 低耦合

// 面向对象七原则：
// 单一职责原则
// 开闭原则
// 依赖倒转原则
// 里氏替换原则
// 接口隔离原则
// 合成聚合复用原则
// 迪米特法则

// GoF设计模式（23种设计模式）
// 创建型模式：单例、工厂
// 结构型模式：适配器、门面、装潢、桥梁
// 行为型模式：观察者、代理


//类簇 （class cluster）
// 设计模式：静态工厂方法模式
+ (instancetype) employeeWithType:(ZPEmployeeType) type {
    ZPEmployee *employee = nil;
    switch (type) {
        case ZPEmployeeTypeManager:
            employee = [[ZPManager alloc] init];
            break;
        case ZPEmployeeTypeEngineer:
            employee = [[ZPEngineer alloc] init];
            break;
        case ZPEmployeeTypeSalesman:
            employee = [ZPSalesman new];
            break;
    }
    return employee;
}

@end

#import "ZPEmployee.h"
/**部门经理*/
@interface ZPManager : ZPEmployee

@end

#import "ZPManager.h"

@implementation ZPManager

- (double) salary {
    return 10000;
}

@end

#import "ZPEmployee.h"
/**技术工人*/
@interface ZPEngineer : ZPEmployee

/**工作时间*/
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *workingHour;

@end

#import "ZPEngineer.h"

@implementation ZPEngineer

- (double) salary {
    return 200 * [_workingHour integerValue];
}

@end

#import "ZPEmployee.h"
/**销售员*/
@interface ZPSalesman : ZPEmployee

/**销售额*/
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *sales;

@end

#import "ZPSalesman.h"

@implementation ZPSalesman

- (double)salary {
    return 1500 + 0.05 * [_sales doubleValue];
}

@end

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "ZPManager.h"
#import "ZPSalesman.h"
#import "ZPEngineer.h"

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        NSArray *empNames = @[@"马超", @"赵云", @"典韦", @"许褚", @"陆逊", @"魏延",@"张飞"];
        NSMutableArray *empsArray = [@[] mutableCopy];
        for (NSString *name in empNames) {
            ZPEmployee *emp = [ZPEmployee employeeWithType:arc4random() % 3];
            emp.name = name;
            [empsArray addObject:emp];
//            ZPEmployee *emp = nil;
//            int num =  arc4random() % 3;
//            switch (num) {
//                case 0:
//                    emp = [ZPManager managerWithName:name];
//                    break;
//                case 1:
//                    emp = [ZPEngineer engineerWithName:name];
//                    break;
//                case 2:
//                    emp = [ZPSalesman salesmanWithName:name];
//                    break;
//            }
//            [empsArray addObject:emp];
        }
        for (ZPEmployee *emp in empsArray) {
            //printf("%s", emp.name.UTF8String);
            // 判断类型
            if ([emp isKindOfClass:[ZPEngineer class]]) {
                printf("请输入%s的本月工作时间: ", emp.name.UTF8String);
                int workingHour;
                scanf("%d", &workingHour);
                // 通过选择器去执行对象方法。
                [emp performSelector:@selector(setWorkingHour:) withObject:@(workingHour)];
                //将父类型指针转换成子类型指针（向下转型，需要强制类型转换）
                // ZPEngineer *engineer = (ZPEngineer *)emp;
                // engineer.workingHour  =  @(workingHour);
            }
            else if ([emp isKindOfClass:[ZPSalesman class]]) {
                printf("请输入%s的本月的销售额: ", emp.name.UTF8String);
                double sales;
                scanf("%lf", &sales);
                // id 是任意类型的指针
                [emp performSelector:@selector(setSales:) withObject:@(sales)];
                // ZPSalesman *salesman = (id) emp;
                // salesman.sales = @(sales);
            }
            printf("%s本月工资为：$%.1f\n", emp.name.UTF8String, emp.salary);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}