一、UITableView基本介绍
iOS开发中UITableView可以说是使用最广泛的控件,我们平时使用的软件中到处都可以看到它的影子,微信、QQ、新浪微博等软件基本都有UITableView。
UITableView有两种style:
UITableViewStylePlain
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UITableViewStyleGrouped。
image.png
UITableView中数据只有行的概念,并没有列的概念,因为在手机操作系统中显示多列是不利于操作的。UITableView中每行数据都是一个UITableViewCell,在这个控件中为了显示更多的信息,iOS已经在其内部设置好了多个子控件以供开发者使用。如果我们查看UITableViewCell的声明文件可以发现在内部有一个UIView控件(contentView,作为其他元素的父控件)、两个UILable控件(textLabel、detailTextLabel)、一个UIImage控件(imageView),分别用于容器、显示内容、详情和图片。不同的UItableViewCell不同的类型:
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UITableViewCellStyle) {
UITableViewCellStyleDefault, // 左侧显示textLabel(不显示detailTextLabel),imageView可选(显示在最左边)
UITableViewCellStyleValue1, // 左侧显示textLabel、右侧显示detailTextLabel(默认蓝色),imageView可选(显示在最左边)
UITableViewCellStyleValue2, // 左侧依次显示textLabel(默认蓝色)和detailTextLabel,imageView可选(显示在最左边)
UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle // 左上方显示textLabel,左下方显示detailTextLabel(默认灰色),imageView可选(显示在最左边)
};
数据源dataSource
UITableView设置完dataSource后需要实现UITableViewDataSource协议,在这个协议中定义了多种数据操作方法,创建一个简单的联系人管理进行演示:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface ContectUserInfo : NSObject
#pragma mark 姓
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *firstName;
#pragma mark 名
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *lastName;
#pragma mark 手机号码
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *phoneNumber;
#pragma mark 带参数的构造函数
-(ContectUserInfo *)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName andLastName:(NSString *)lastName andPhoneNumber:(NSString *)phoneNumber;
#pragma mark 取得姓名
-(NSString *)getName;
#pragma mark 带参数的静态对象初始化方法
+(ContectUserInfo *)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName andLastName:(NSString *)lastName andPhoneNumber:(NSString *)phoneNumber;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
#import "ContectUserInfo.h"
@implementation ContectUserInfo
-(ContectUserInfo *)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName andLastName:(NSString *)lastName andPhoneNumber:(NSString *)phoneNumber{
if(self=[super init]){
self.firstName=firstName;
self.lastName=lastName;
self.phoneNumber=phoneNumber;
}
return self;
}
-(NSString *)getName{
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@",_lastName,_firstName];
}
+(ContectUserInfo *)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName andLastName:(NSString *)lastName andPhoneNumber:(NSString *)phoneNumber{
ContectUserInfo *contact1=[[ContectUserInfo alloc]initWithFirstName:firstName andLastName:lastName andPhoneNumber:phoneNumber];
return contact1;
}
@end
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface ContectUserInfoGroup : NSObject
#pragma mark 组名
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *name;
#pragma mark 分组描述
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *detail;
#pragma mark 联系人
@property (nonatomic,strong) NSMutableArray *contacts;
#pragma mark 带参数个构造函数
-(ContectUserInfoGroup *)initWithName:(NSString *)name andDetail:(NSString *)detail andContacts:(NSMutableArray *)contacts;
#pragma mark 静态初始化方法
+(ContectUserInfoGroup *)initWithName:(NSString *)name andDetail:(NSString *)detail andContacts:(NSMutableArray *)contacts;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
#import "ContectUserInfoGroup.h"
@implementation ContectUserInfoGroup
-(ContectUserInfoGroup *)initWithName:(NSString *)name andDetail:(NSString *)detail andContacts:(NSMutableArray *)contacts{
if (self=[super init]) {
self.name=name;
self.detail=detail;
self.contacts=contacts;
}
return self;
}
+(ContectUserInfoGroup *)initWithName:(NSString *)name andDetail:(NSString *)detail andContacts:(NSMutableArray *)contacts{
ContectUserInfoGroup *group1=[[ContectUserInfoGroup alloc]initWithName:name andDetail:detail andContacts:contacts];
return group1;
}
@end
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface ContactViewController : UIViewController
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
#import "ContactViewController.h"
#import "ContectUserInfo.h"
#import "ContectUserInfoGroup.h"
@interface ContactViewController ()<UITableViewDataSource>
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITableView *tableView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *contaceList;
@end
@implementation ContactViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.title = @"tableView分组数据源";
[self.view addSubview:self.tableView];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
#pragma mark - 数据源方法
#pragma mark 返回分组数
-(NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView{
NSLog(@"计算分组数");
return [self.contaceList count];
}
#pragma mark 返回每组行数
-(NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{
NSLog(@"计算每组(组%li)行数",(long)section);
ContectUserInfoGroup *group1=[self.contaceList objectAtIndex:section];
return group1.contacts.count;
}
#pragma mark返回每行的单元格
-(UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
//NSIndexPath是一个结构体,记录了组和行信息
NSLog(@"生成单元格(组:%li,行%li)",(long)indexPath.section,(long)indexPath.row);
ContectUserInfoGroup *group=[self.contaceList objectAtIndex:indexPath.section];
ContectUserInfo *contact=group.contacts[indexPath.row];
UITableViewCell *cell=[[UITableViewCell alloc]initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:nil];
cell.textLabel.text=[contact getName];
cell.detailTextLabel.text=contact.phoneNumber;
return cell;
}
#pragma mark 返回每组头标题名称
-(NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section{
NSLog(@"生成组(组%li)名称",(long)section);
ContectUserInfoGroup *group=[self.contaceList objectAtIndex:section];
return group.name;
}
#pragma mark 返回每组尾部说明
-(NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForFooterInSection:(NSInteger)section{
NSLog(@"生成尾部(组%li)详情",(long)section);
ContectUserInfoGroup *group=[self.contaceList objectAtIndex:section];
return group.detail;
}
- (NSMutableArray *)contaceList{
if (!_contaceList) {
_contaceList = [NSMutableArray array];
ContectUserInfo *contact1=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Cui" andLastName:@"Kenshin" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131234"];
ContectUserInfo *contact2=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Cui" andLastName:@"Tom" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131237"];
ContectUserInfoGroup *group1=[ContectUserInfoGroup initWithName:@"C" andDetail:@"With names beginning with C" andContacts:[NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:contact1,contact2, nil]];
[_contaceList addObject:group1];
ContectUserInfo *contact3=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Lee" andLastName:@"Terry" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131238"];
ContectUserInfo *contact4=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Lee" andLastName:@"Jack" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131239"];
ContectUserInfo *contact5=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Lee" andLastName:@"Rose" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131240"];
ContectUserInfoGroup *group2=[ContectUserInfoGroup initWithName:@"L" andDetail:@"With names beginning with L" andContacts:[NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:contact3,contact4,contact5, nil]];
[_contaceList addObject:group2];
ContectUserInfo *contact6=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Sun" andLastName:@"Kaoru" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131235"];
ContectUserInfo *contact7=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Sun" andLastName:@"Rosa" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131236"];
ContectUserInfoGroup *group3=[ContectUserInfoGroup initWithName:@"S" andDetail:@"With names beginning with S" andContacts:[NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:contact6,contact7, nil]];
[_contaceList addObject:group3];
ContectUserInfo *contact8=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Wang" andLastName:@"Stephone" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131241"];
ContectUserInfo *contact9=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Wang" andLastName:@"Lucy" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131242"];
ContectUserInfo *contact10=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Wang" andLastName:@"Lily" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131243"];
ContectUserInfo *contact11=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Wang" andLastName:@"Emily" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131244"];
ContectUserInfo *contact12=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Wang" andLastName:@"Andy" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131245"];
ContectUserInfoGroup *group4=[ContectUserInfoGroup initWithName:@"W" andDetail:@"With names beginning with W" andContacts:[NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:contact8,contact9,contact10,contact11,contact12, nil]];
[_contaceList addObject:group4];
ContectUserInfo *contact13=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Zhang" andLastName:@"Joy" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131246"];
ContectUserInfo *contact14=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Zhang" andLastName:@"Vivan" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131247"];
ContectUserInfo *contact15=[ContectUserInfo initWithFirstName:@"Zhang" andLastName:@"Joyse" andPhoneNumber:@"18500131248"];
ContectUserInfoGroup *group5=[ContectUserInfoGroup initWithName:@"Z" andDetail:@"With names beginning with Z" andContacts:[NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:contact13,contact14,contact15, nil]];
[_contaceList addObject:group5];
}
return _contaceList;
}
- (UITableView *)tableView{
if (!_tableView) {
_tableView = [[UITableView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds style:UITableViewStyleGrouped];
_tableView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
_tableView.dataSource=self;//设置数据源,注意必须实现对应的UITableViewDataSource协议
}
return _tableView;
}
@end
#pragma mark 返回每组标题索引
-(NSArray *)sectionIndexTitlesForTableView:(UITableView *)tableView{
NSLog(@"生成组索引");
NSMutableArray *indexs=[[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
for(ContectUserInfo *group in self.contaceList){
[indexs addObject:group.firstName];
}
return indexs;
}
计算分组数>>>计算每组的行数>>>生成分组索引>>>依次生成每组的单元格
代理方法
#pragma mark - 代理方法
#pragma mark 设置分组标题内容高度
-(CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section{
if(section==0){
return 50;
}
return 40;
}
#pragma mark 设置每行高度(每行高度可以不一样)
-(CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
return 45;
}
#pragma mark 设置尾部说明内容高度
-(CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForFooterInSection:(NSInteger)section{
return 40;
}
点击监听
#pragma mark 点击行
-(void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
_selectedIndexPath=indexPath;
ContectUserInfoGroup *group=[self.contaceList objectAtIndex:indexPath.section];
ContectUserInfo *contact=group.contacts[indexPath.row];
//创建弹出窗口
UIAlertView *alert=[[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"System Info" message:[contact getName] delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"Cancel" otherButtonTitles:@"OK", nil];
alert.alertViewStyle=UIAlertViewStylePlainTextInput; //设置窗口内容样式
UITextField *textField= [alert textFieldAtIndex:0]; //取得文本框
textField.text=contact.phoneNumber; //设置文本框内容
[alert show]; //显示窗口
}