第四周博客作业

第一题

  1. 打包/etc/目录下面所有conf结尾的文件，压缩包名称为当天的时间，并拷贝到/usr/local/src目录备份。
[root@localhost alsa]# find /etc/ -name "*.conf" |xargs tar zcvf /usr/local/src/`date +%F`.tar.gz
image.png

第二题 查找当前系统上没有属主或属组，且最近一个周内曾被访问过的文件或目录

[root@localhost ~]# find / \( -nouser -o -nogroup -a -atime -7 \)

第三题 查找/etc目录下至少有一类用户没有执行权限的文件

[root@localhost ~]# find /etc/ -not -perm /111 -ls
 68003193      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root          451 May 20 00:31 /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/01-cgi.conf
 68341886      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root          496 May 20 00:33 /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/README
101516644     12 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root        11899 May 20 00:31 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
101516645     16 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root        13064 May 20 00:33 /etc/httpd/conf/magic
 35224550      4 -rw-r-----   1  root     root         3181 May 18  2020 /etc/sudo-ldap.conf
 35224551      4 -rw-r-----   1  root     root         1786 May 18  2020 /etc/sudo.conf
 35224552      8 -r--r-----   1  root     root         4328 May 18  2020 /etc/sudoers
 35239063      8 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         5165 May 11  2019 /etc/man_db.conf
 35239854      8 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         4760 Nov  8  2019 /etc/enscript.cfg
 35239980     12 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         9450 May 11  2019 /etc/nanorc
  2286514      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root           69 May 24 12:55 /etc/nvme/hostnqn
  2286515      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root           37 May 24 12:55 /etc/nvme/hostid
 35247646      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         1362 May 14  2019 /etc/pbm2ppa.conf
 35247647      8 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root         6300 May 14  2019 /etc/pnm2ppa.conf
 35286917      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root          272 May 11  2017 /etc/mailcap
 35286918     60 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root        60352 May 11  2017 /etc/mime.types
 35593052      4 -rw-r--r--   1  root     root           19 May 24 13:21 /etc/locale.conf

第四题 自建网络yum源（通过httpd实现)

1.安装Http服务

1.1 安装httpd服务
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install httpd

1.2 启动httpd服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd

1.3 查看端口监听状态
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1798/dnsmasq        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1099/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1095/cupsd          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2341/sshd: root@pts 
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      66733/httpd         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1099/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      1095/cupsd          
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6010                :::*                    LISTEN      2341/sshd: root@pts 

1.4 查看防火墻的工作状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-06-26 09:02:37 EDT; 2 days ago
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)
 Main PID: 1007 (firewalld)
    Tasks: 2 (limit: 4615)
   Memory: 2.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
           └─1007 /usr/libexec/platform-python -s /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

Jun 26 09:02:35 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Jun 26 09:02:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Jun 26 09:02:38 localhost.localdomain firewalld[1007]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered>
lines 1-13/13 (END)

1.5 停用防火墙功能，再次查看确认处于关闭状态。
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

2.访问http服务

image-20210629114028039.png

3.创建yum源

3.1 创建文件夹

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/centos/8 -pv
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/8'

3.2 挂载光盘

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /tmp/
mount: /tmp: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.

3.3 拷贝rpm包

[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /mnt/* /var/www/html/centos/8
[root@localhost 8]# pwd
/var/www/html/centos/8
[root@localhost 8]# ls
AppStream  BaseOS  EFI  images  isolinux  LICENSE  media.repo  TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost 8]#

3.4 查看仓库内容

image-20210629115643882.png

4. 客户端配置

4.1 客户端yum配置

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/test.repo 
[BaseOS]
name = BaseOS
baseurl = http://192.168.56.129/centos/8/BaseOS/
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey = fire:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7


[AppStream]
name=Appstream
baseurl = http://192.168.56.129/centos/8/AppStream/
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

4.2 验证yum配置成功

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
AppStream                                                                                 | 4.4 kB  00:00:00     
BaseOS                                                                                    | 3.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): BaseOS/group_gz                                                                    |  55 kB  00:00:00     
(2/2): BaseOS/primary_db                                                                  | 1.6 MB  00:00:00     
repo id                                              repo name                                             status
AppStream                                            Appstream                                             5,686
BaseOS                                               BaseOS                                                1,784
repolist: 7,470

第五题 利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址

[root@localhost ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e5:0f:96 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.56.129/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1007sec preferred_lft 1007sec
    inet6 fe80::fa3f:fac4:982b:b3f5/64 scope link dadfailed tentative noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::58d6:e2f6:3fb3:5bbd/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:01:06:54 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:01:06:54 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost ~]# ip a |grep "ens33" |grep "inet" | sed 's/^.*inet//g' | sed 's/brd.*$//g'
 192.168.56.129/24

第六题 删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

[root@localhost data]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon May 24 16:48:36 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/cs-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=76ccc4ba-6504-499d-af17-27d2550ff522 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/cs-swap     none                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@localhost data]# cat /etc/fstab | sed 's/^# *//g'


/etc/fstab
Created by anaconda on Mon May 24 16:48:36 2021

Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.

After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
units generated from this file.

/dev/mapper/cs-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=76ccc4ba-6504-499d-af17-27d2550ff522 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/cs-swap     none                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@localhost data]#

第七题 处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名

[root@localhost ~]# echo "/etc/fstab" | sed -r 's#^/(.*)/(.*)#\1#'
etc
[root@localhost ~]# echo "/etc/fstab" | sed -r 's#^/(.*)/(.*)#\2#'
fstab
[root@localhost ~]#
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