models.py
from django.db import models
from datetime import date
from django.urls import reverse
import os
import uuid
# 自定义动态上传路径和文件名
def path_and_rename(instance,filename):
upload_to = 'mypicture'
ext = filename.split('.')[-1]
filename = '{}.{}'.format(uuid.uuid4().hex[:10],ext)
return os.path.join(upload_to,filename)
class Picture(models.Model):
title = models.CharField('标题',max_length=100,blank=True,default='')
image = models.ImageField('图片',upload_to=path_and_rename,blank=True)
date = models.DateField(default=date.today)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('pic:pic_detail',args=[str(self.pk)])
# Django自带通用视图在完成对象编辑或创建后需要一个返回页面，
# 所以必需在模型里定义一个返回链接get_absolute_url。
项目urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('pic/',include('pic_upload.urls',namespace='pic')),
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
应用urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'pic'
urlpatterns = [
path('',views.PicList.as_view(),name='pic_list'),
path('pic_upload/',views.PicUpload.as_view(),name='pic_upload'),
path('pic_detail/<int:pk>/',views.PicDetail.as_view(),name='pic_detail'),
]
# DetailView 需要URL提供访问某个对象的具体参数（如pk, slug值）
views.py
from django.views.generic.list import ListView
from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
from .models import Picture
class PicList(ListView):
model = Picture
context_object_name = 'latest_picture_list'
template_name = 'pic_upload/picture_list.html'
class PicDetail(DetailView):
model = Picture
context_object_name = 'picture'
template_name = 'pic_upload/picture_detail.html'
class PicUpload(CreateView):
model = Picture
fields = ['title', 'image']
context_object_name = 'form'
template_name = 'pic_upload/picture_form.html'
picture_list.html
<h3>图片列表</h3>
<ul>
{% if latest_picture_list %}
{% for picture in latest_picture_list%}
<li><a href="{% url 'pic:pic_detail' picture.id %}">{{picture.title}}</a>-{{picture.date | date:'Y-m-j'}}</li>
{% endfor %}
{% else %}
<li>还没有上传新的图片</li>
{% endif %}
</ul>
<p><a href="{% url 'pic:pic_upload' %}">上传新图片</a></p>
picture_detail.html
<h3>{{picture.title}}</h3>
{% if picture.image %}
<p><img src="{{picture.image.url}}"></p>
{% endif %}
<p>上传日期：{{picture.date | date:'Y-m-j'}}</p>
<p><a href="{% url 'pic:pic_list'%}">查看所有图片</a> |
<a href="{% url 'pic:pic_upload'%}">上传新图片</a></p>
picture_form.html
<h3>上传图片</h3>
<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form.as_p }}
<input type="submit" value="确定">
</form>
注意点
三个通用视图的导入方法
from django.views.generic.list import ListView
from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
date过滤器
{{ picture.date | date:'Y-m-j' }}
Y: 年，4位数，如 '2018'
m：月，2位数字带前导零，'01'到'12'
j：日，没有前导零，'1'到'31'
d：日，带有前导零，'01'到'31'
