原文《Android11 无Root 访问data目录实现、Android11访问data目录、Android11解除data目录限制、Android11 data空白解决》
参考该大佬的方法稍作修改

添加权限

<!-- 修改或删除您共享存储空间中的内容 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

    <!-- MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    

请求和保存权限

    //Android11 请求某一文件及子文件权限
    public static void requestPermission(Activity activity,String path, int requestCode){
        Uri uri=UriUtil.pathToUri(path);
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE);
        intent.addFlags(
            Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION
            | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION
            | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_PERSISTABLE_URI_PERMISSION
            | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_PREFIX_URI_PERMISSION);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            intent.putExtra(DocumentsContract.EXTRA_INITIAL_URI, uri);
        }
        activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
    }

    //保存已请求权限
    public static void savePermission(Intent data){
        final int takeFlags = data.getFlags()
            & (Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION
            | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        App.getApp().getContentResolver().takePersistableUriPermission(data.getData(), takeFlags);
    }

获取列表

//隐私目录
            Uri dirUri=UriUtil.pathToUri2(path);
            Uri childrenUri= DocumentsContract.buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree(dirUri, DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(dirUri));
            Cursor cursor=null;
            try {
                cursor = App.getApp().getContentResolver().query(childrenUri, new String[]{DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_DOCUMENT_ID}, null, null, null);
            } catch (Exception e) {}
            if (cursor != null) {
                while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                    String documentId = cursor.getString(0);
                    Uri uri = DocumentsContract.buildDocumentUriUsingTree(dirUri, documentId);
                    DocumentFile file=DocumentFile.fromSingleUri(App.getApp(), uri);
                
                    
                }
            }

获取流

getContentResolver().openInputStream(UriUtil.pathToUri2(path))
getContentResolver().openOutputStream(UriUtil.pathToUri2(path))

Uri工具类

public class UriUtil {
    
    public static Uri pathToUri(String path) {
        String root=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
        String str="content://com.android.externalstorage.documents/tree/primary%3A";
        String str2="/document/primary%3A";
        if (path.endsWith("/")) path.substring(0, path.length() - 1);

        if (path.equals(root)) {
            path = str + str2;
        } else {
            path = path.replace(root + "/", "").replace("/", "%2F");
            path = str + path + str2 + path;
        }
        return Uri.parse(path);
    }


    // Abdroid/data Android/obb
    public static Uri pathToUri2(String path) {
        path = path.replace(Config.PATH_ROOT + "/", "").replace("/", "%2F");
        String[] array=path.split("%2F");
        String treestr="content://com.android.externalstorage.documents/tree/primary%3A" + array[0] + "%2F" + array[1] + "/document/primary%3A" + path;
        return Uri.parse(treestr);
    }

    public static String treeToPath(String uri){
        //content://com.android.externalstorage.documents/tree/primary%3AAndroid%2Fdata%2F<pkg>%2Ffiles
        return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/"+uri.replace("content://com.android.externalstorage.documents/tree/primary%3A","").replace("%2F","/");
    }

    public static String treeToPath2(Uri treeUri) {
        //content://com.android.externalstorage.documents/tree/primary%3AAndroid%2Fdata/document/primary%3AAndroid%2F%data%2F<pkg>%2Ffiles
        String substr="document/primary%3A";
        String treeStr=treeUri.toString();
        return Config.PATH_ROOT + "/" + treeStr.substring(treeStr.indexOf(substr) + substr.length()).replace("%2F", "/");
    }
    
}