ElasticSearch 常用操作

最近的项目需要用到ElasticSearch，在这里记录下常用的操作命令，版本基于ElasticSearch 7.1.0

准备数据

# inert document
PUT /rain-index-1/_doc/1
{
    "name": "kily",
    "age": "22",
    "birthday": "2010-10-10"
}
PUT /rain-index-1/_doc/2
{
    "name": "lucy",
    "age": "21",
    "birthday": "2011-11-11"
}

# insert document without id
POST /rain-index-2/_doc
{
  "name": "chirry",
  "age": "11",
  "birthday": "2012-02-02"
}
POST /rain-index-2/_doc
{
  "name": "rubby",
  "age": "14",
  "birthday": "2014-04-04"
}

# insert document in bulk mode
POST /rain-index-3/_bulk
{"index": {"_id": "1"}}
{"name": "axe", "age": "17", "birthday": "2017-07-07", "message": "hello world, hello earth, I like orange"}
{"index": {"_id": "2"}}
{"name": "piity", "age": "18", "birthday": "2018-08-08", "message": "hello world, hello earth, I like grape & grape juice"}

# insert document in bulk mode without index in url
POST _bulk
{"index": {"_index": "rain-index-4", "_id": "1"}}
{"name": "zura", "age": "17", "birthday": "2017-07-07", "message": "hello world, I like banana"}
{"index": {"_index": "rain-index-4", "_id": "2"}}
{"name": "peter", "age": "18", "birthday": "2018-08-08", "message": "hello world, I like apple & apple juice"}

集群相关

查看集群健康状态

GET _cluster/health

查看集群配置

GET /_cluster/settings
GET /_cluster/settings?include_defaults=true

查看节点信息

GET /_nodes

查看索引信息

GET /_cat/indices?v

索引相关

查看索引（可指定条件）

GET _cat/indices?v&h=health,status,index

删除索引（可通配符匹配）

DELETE rain-*

获取索引Mapping

GET /rain-index-1/_mapping

文档相关

删除文档

删除文档

DELETE /rain-index-1/_doc/1
# specify timeout, default is 1m and then a error response return
DELETE /rain-index-1/_doc/1?timeout=5m

删除文档（通过查询）

POST /rain-index-1/_delete_by_query
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "lucy"
    }
  }
}

简单查询

检查文档是否存在

HEAD /rain-index-1/_doc/1

获取指定文档

GET /rain-index-1/_doc/1

获取指定文档（仅仅返回_source内容，可添加筛选条件）

GET /rain-index-1/_source/1
GET /rain-index-1/_source/1?_source_includes=name,age

获取指定文档（筛选_source内容）

# shorter notation
GET /rain-index-4/_doc/1?_source=name,age,message
# complete notation
GET /rain-index-4/_doc/1?_source_includes=name,age
GET /rain-index-4/_doc/1?_source_excludes=birthday

获取多个指定文档

GET /rain-index-3/_mget
{
  "ids" : ["1", "2"]
}
# with filter
GET /rain-index-3/_mget
{
  "docs" : [
    {
        "_id" : "1",
        "_source": ["name", "age", "message"]
    },
    {
        "_id" : "2",
        "_source": ["name", "age", "message"]
    }
  ]
}

高级查询

通过query string查找，参考URI Search

GET /rain-index-1/_search?q=age:21

通过term做完全匹配（不分词）

GET /rain-index-1/_search
{
  "query" : {
    "term" : { "name" : "kily" }
  }
}

通过match做匹配（分词）

GET /rain-index-3/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "message": "hello world"
    }
  },
  "sort": ["birthday"],
  "from": "0",
  "size": "10",
}

通过filter做匹配（不计算相关性分数）

GET /rain-index-1/_search
{
   "_source": ["name", "birthday"], 
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {"term": {"name": "kily"}},
        {"term": {"age": "22"}}
      ]
    }
  }
}

官方示例

Term Query

GET /_search
{
    "query": {
        "term": {
            "user": {
                "value": "Kimchy",
                "boost": 1.0
            }
        }
    }
}

Terms Query

GET /_search
{
    "query": {
        "terms" : { "user" : ["kimchy", "elasticsearch"]}
    }
}

Range Query

GET _search
{
    "query": {
        "range" : {
            "age" : {
                "gte" : 10,
                "lte" : 20
            }
        }
    }
}

Ids Query

GET /_search
{
    "query": {
        "ids" : {
            "values" : ["1", "4", "100"]
        }
    }
}

Bool Query

POST _search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {
      "must" : {
        "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
      },
      "filter": {
        "term" : { "tag" : "tech" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "age" : { "gte" : 10, "lte" : 20 }
        }
      },
      "should" : [
        { "term" : { "tag" : "wow" } },
        { "term" : { "tag" : "elasticsearch" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match" : 1,
      "boost" : 1.0
    }
  }
}

聚合

POST /exams/_search?size=0
{
    "aggs" : {
        "avg_grade" : { "avg" : { "field" : "grade" } }
    }
}

最后编辑于：2019.05.23 13:41:04