The Crash of Two Airplanes and the Crisis at Boeing
两架飞机坠毁与波音公司的危机
In October 2021, a federal grand jury indicted a former Boeing test pilot named Mark Forkner, accusing him of deceiving the Federal Aviation Administration and scheming to defraud airlines during the development of the 737 Max. While Forkner does appear to have hoodwinked regulators and misled customers, he was hardly the one most responsible for the two 737 Max crashes, which occurred in 2018 and 2019.
2021 年 10 月，联邦大陪审团起诉了一位名叫马克·福克纳的前波音公司飞机试飞员，指控他在 737 Max 机型的开发过程中欺骗了美国联邦航空管理局，并密谋诈骗航空公司。虽然福克纳似乎确实蒙蔽了监管机构并误导了客户，但他并不是 2018 年和 2019 年发生的两起 737 Max 坠机事故负的罪魁祸首。
a federal grand jury联邦大陪审团
词汇辨析：“指控”的各种表达
Indict /ɪnˈdaɪt/: [ VN ] ( law 律 ) ~ sb (for sth)~ sb (on charges/on a charge of sth) to officially charge sb with a crime 控告；起诉
The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控犯谋杀罪。
She was indicted on charges of corruption. 她被控贪腐，受到起诉。
从词典例句中我们可以看出来该词常与charge搭配，charge:
[ CU ] an official claim made by the police that sb has committed a crime 指控；控告，常见搭配有：
criminal charges 刑事指控
a murder/an assault charge 谋杀罪的╱侵犯人身罪的指控
而charge本身作为动词，也可用作“控告、起诉”：[ VN ] ~ sb (with sth/with doing sth) to accuse sb formally of a crime so that there can be a trial in court 控告；起诉
He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
Several people were arrested but nobody was charged.有数人被捕，但均未受到起诉。
本段还出现了accuse: V-T If you are accused of a crime, a witness or someone in authority states or claims that you did it, and you may be formally charged with it and put on trial. 指控
Her assistant was accused of theft and fraud by the police.她的助手被警方指控偷窃和诈骗。
to accuse sb of murder/theft 控告某人谋杀╱盗窃
另外，allege /əˈledʒ/这个词也可以用作“指控”，不过是没有真凭实据的那种：V-T If you allege that something bad is true, you say it but do not prove it. 指称 (但还未被证实)
She alleged that there was rampant drug use among the male members of the group. 她指称该组织中有大量的男性成员吸毒。
The prosecution alleges (that) she was driving carelessly.控方指控她粗心驾驶。
He is alleged to have mistreated the prisoners. 他被指控虐待犯人。
综上，indict/charge所表达的指控，是正式的指控，要上庭的那种，其中indict更为正式；allege的指控，则只是一种“断言”，并没有真凭实据，也没有告上法庭，只是这么声称了，accuse所表达的指控在当下也不是正式的，但不排除未来有这个可能（and you may be formally charged with it and put on trial
Scheme: ( disapproving ) to make secret plans to do sth that will help yourself and possibly harm others 密谋；秘密策划；图谋
She seemed to feel that we were all scheming against her. 她似乎觉得我们都在算计她。
[近义词]我们在外刊中还遇到过以下近义表达：
Orchestrate /ˈɔːkɪstreɪt/ 可以是“编曲”，这里则指：to organize a complicated plan or event very carefully or secretly 精心安排；策划；密谋
a carefully orchestrated publicity campaign 精心策划的一场宣传运动
Hatch sth (up): to create a plan or idea, especially in secret策划；(尤指)密谋，比如：
Have you been hatching up a deal with her? 你是不是在和她密谋什么交易？
Defraud:~ sb (of sth) to get money illegally from a person or an organization by tricking them 骗取，诈取（…的钱财）
They were accused of defrauding the company of $14 000. 他们被控诈骗该公司14 000元。
[近义词]Hoodwink也是类似的意思:[ VN ] ~ sb (into doing sth) to trick sb 欺诈，欺骗（某人）
She had been hoodwinked into buying a worthless necklace. 她受骗买了条一文不值的项链。
Ultimate blame for the crashes lies with the highly paid executives who waged a decades-long campaign to transform Boeing from a company “once ruled by engineers who thumbed their noses at Wall Street” into “one of the most shareholder-friendly creatures of the market”.
坠机事故终应归咎于那些高薪管理层，他们通过长达几十年的运作，将波音从一家“曾经由对华尔街嗤之以鼻的工程师主导”的公司，转变为“市场上对股东最友好的公司之一”。
[写作]拎一个写作句式出来：
Ultimate blame for .... lies with.... 表示“....最终归咎于....”
来造个句：
Ultimate blame for this accident lies with alcohol.这场事故归根究底是酒精的错。
thumb their noses at....是个习语，表示：
To openly display contempt or an intentional lack of respect toward someone or something. 对...嗤之以鼻
Don't thumb your nose at the boss if you want to keep your job!如果你不想丢饭碗的话，就不要轻视你的老板。
waged a decades-long campaign 进行了长达几十年的运作
Wage:[ VN ] ~ sth (against/on sb/sth) to begin and continue a war, a battle, etc. 开始，发动，进行，继续（战争、战斗等）
He alleged that a press campaign was being waged against him.他声称有人正在对他发起新闻攻势。
Much of Boeing’s success came from its ability to produce reliable airplanes. A crucial part of what made the company great during the 20th century was its exceptional corporate culture. Authority inside Boeing rested with aeronautical engineers, not finance executives.
波音公司的成功很大程度上来自于其生产性能可靠的飞机的能力。让这家公司在20世纪取得成功的一个关键因素是它卓越的企业文化。波音公司内部的权力掌握在航空工程师手中，而不是财务主管。
Exceptional: unusually good 杰出的；优秀的；卓越的
At the age of five he showed exceptional talent as a musician.他五岁时就表现出非凡的音乐才能。
[语法] what引导名词性从句了解一下
what引导主语从句，比如：
what we need is more time. (what做need的宾语)
我们所需要的是更多的时间。
What really matters is that she wore a pair of white shoes. (what做matters的主语)
真正麻烦的是她穿了一双白鞋。
what 引导宾语从句
people were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from what it is today. (what做is的表语)
很久以前当生活与现在的生活完全不同时，人们或许更真实。
People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see what he will do. (what做heard和see的宾语)
人们已经听到了总统所说的；他们正等着看总统会做什么。
本段中的what从句即为该用法，what在从句中做主语
引导表语从句
Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just what worries the public. (what做worry的主语)
民众担心的是能否找到阻止污染的方法。
That is what I want to tell you. (what做从句宾语)
那就是我想告诉你的事儿。
The little girl is no longer what she used to be. (what做从句表语)
这个小女孩儿不再是过去的样子了。
引导同位语从句
They have no idea at all what he is working on. (what做从句宾语)
他们一点儿都不知道他正在做什么。
Then, right around the turn of the millennium, Boeing lost its way. There was the decision to redesign the 737 instead of designing a new jet, obliging the company to update a plane that had been introduced in the 1960s. There was the introduction of a new piece of poorly designed software, MCAS, which ultimately wrested control of the plane away from the pilots.
后来，就在世纪之交，波音迷失了方向。公司决定重新设计 737 机型，而不是设计新机型，这迫使该公司对一款上世纪 60 年代推出的飞机进行升级。一款设计糟糕的新软件 MCAS 的引入，最终从飞行员手中夺走了飞机的控制权。
wrest sth. from sb：to take sth such as power or control from sb/sth with great effort 攫取，抢夺（权力）
They attempted to wrest control of the town from government forces.他们企图从政府军手中夺取对这个城镇的控制权。
wrest control of the plane away from the pilots 从飞行员手中夺走了飞机的控制权
the turn of the millennium世纪之交
oblige这里是动词：[ VN to inf ] [ usually passive ] to force sb to do sth, by law, because it is a duty, etc. （以法律、义务等）强迫，迫使
Parents are obliged by law to send their children to school. 法律规定父母必须送子女入学。
He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.他受伤严重，不得已只好放弃工作。
名词形式大家都很熟悉：obligation
