环境

主库操作

• 设置log_bin 及server_id (默认是开启的，如果修改需要在my.cnf中持久化)

mysql> show  variables like 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin       | ON    |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 1     |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

• 创建复制用户

CREATE USER 'repl'@'172.16.116.133' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz@WSX';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'172.16.116.133';

• 备份主库数据

mysqldump 
-h 172.16.116.132
-u root
-p 1qaz@WSX
-- all-databases
--routines
--events
--single-transaction
--master-data >dump.sql



--single-transaction 在执行备份之前，通过将事物的隔离模式设置为repeatable read模式，并执行start transacrtion来提供一致的备份。只适用于innodb之类的事物表，因为它在start transacrtion执行时能保存数据库的一致状态而不堵塞任何应用程序。

-- master-data 选项将服务器的二进制日志的位置输出到dump文件。

--routines 存储过程

--events 时间触发器，类似云linux crontab

• 拷贝dump文件至备库

备库操作

• 设置server_id

mysql> select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|          32 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

• 还原备份

mysql -uroot -p1qaz@WSX -p -f  < dump.sql

• change master

change master to master_host='172.16.116.132',
master_user='repl',
master_password='1qaz@WSX',
master_log_file='binlog.000001',
master_log_pos=2981;

master_log_file master_log_pos信息在dump文件中查找（mater-data）

[root@dji-gp-sdw3 ~]# head -n50 dump.sql
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 8.0.15, for Linux (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database:
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version   8.0.15

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
 SET NAMES utf8mb4 ;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!50606 SET @OLD_INNODB_STATS_AUTO_RECALC=@@INNODB_STATS_AUTO_RECALC */;
/*!50606 SET GLOBAL INNODB_STATS_AUTO_RECALC=OFF */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--
-- Position to start replication or point-in-time recovery from
--

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=2981;

--
-- Current Database: `mydb`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `mydb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */;

USE `mydb`;

--
-- Table structure for table `t1`
--

• 查看备库状态

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.16.116.132
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: binlog.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4240
               Relay_Log_File: dji-gp-sdw4-relay-bin.000004
                Relay_Log_Pos: 319
        Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 4240
              Relay_Log_Space: 1390
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: e5b04d94-4b3c-11e9-84a3-000c2910e2b3
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
       Master_public_key_path:
        Get_master_public_key: 0