create-vue搭建项目
官网：https://staging-cn.vuejs.org/guide/quick-start.html#with-build-tools
create-vue 是 Vue3 的专用脚手架，使用 vite 创建 Vue3 的项目，也可以选择安装需要的各种插件，使用更简单。
使用方法：
npm init vue@latest可选插件：
✔ Project name: … <your-project-name>
// TypeScript的支持
✔ Add TypeScript? … No / Yes
// JSX的支持
✔ Add JSX Support? … No / Yes
// 支持路由
✔ Add Vue Router for Single Page Application development? … No / Yes
// 状态管理
✔ Add Pinia for state management? … No / Yes
// Vitest测试框架
✔ Add Vitest for Unit testing? … No / Yes
// Cypress E2E测试工具
✔ Add Cypress for both Unit and End-to-End testing? … No / Yes
// ESLint代码格式化规范检查
✔ Add ESLint for code quality? … No / Yes
// Prettier代码格式化
✔ Add Prettier for code formatting? … No / Yes
- 启动项目：
> cd <your-project-name>
> npm install
> npm run dev
注意：运行报错，npm和node都要是最新版本
- 当准备将应用发布到生产环境时，运行：
> npm run build
至此vue3搭建完成，下面开始集成electron
这里我的vue3+vite项目已经有了，在这基础上使用electron转换成桌面应用。
1.获取electron配置文件
首先可以执行以下命令，从electron的官网下载案例，下载会比较慢，可以直接访问git仓库，下载代码。
git clone https://github.com/electron/electron-quick-start
下载以后主要是要用到代码里的main.js和preload.js两个文件。如果不下载，直接复制下面的两个文件代码即可。
main.js
// Modules to control application life and create native browser window
const {app, BrowserWindow} = require('electron')
const path = require('path')
function createWindow () {
// Create the browser window.
const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
width: 800,
height: 600,
webPreferences: {
preload: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js')
}
})
// and load the index.html of the app.
mainWindow.loadFile('index.html')
// Open the DevTools.
// mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools()
}
// This method will be called when Electron has finished
// initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
// Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
app.whenReady().then(() => {
createWindow()
app.on('activate', function () {
// On macOS it's common to re-create a window in the app when the
// dock icon is clicked and there are no other windows open.
if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) createWindow()
})
})
// Quit when all windows are closed, except on macOS. There, it's common
// for applications and their menu bar to stay active until the user quits
// explicitly with Cmd + Q.
app.on('window-all-closed', function () {
if (process.platform !== 'darwin') app.quit()
})
// In this file you can include the rest of your app's specific main process
// code. You can also put them in separate files and require them here.
preload.js
// All of the Node.js APIs are available in the preload process.
// It has the same sandbox as a Chrome extension.
window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
const replaceText = (selector, text) => {
const element = document.getElementById(selector)
if (element) element.innerText = text
}
for (const type of ['chrome', 'node', 'electron']) {
replaceText(`${type}-version`, process.versions[type])
}
})
把以上两个文件放到自己的vue项目文件目录下
在根目录下新建了一个electron文件夹，里面放两个js文件
2、项目配置
安装依赖
electron不多说。concurrently和 wait-on解释一下。
开发环境的运行条件是，先运行vite启动服务，然后electron去加载本地服务url。这里需要安装两个依赖。
concurrently：阻塞运行多个命令，-k参数用来清除其它已经存在或者挂掉的进程
-wait-on：等待资源，此处用来等待url可访问
npm install electron --save-dev
npm install concurrently wait-on --save-dev
electron/main.js
根据需求，我添加了Menu.setApplicationMenu(null)隐藏菜单栏，frame是否展示顶部导航的配置，默认为true。mainWindow.loadFile(‘index.html’)修改成了mainWindow.loadURL（关键），具体配置如下。
// Modules to control application life and create native browser window
const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu } = require('electron')
const path = require('path')
//这里的配置手动写的，也可以使用cross-env插件配置
const mode = 'development'
/*隐藏electron创听的菜单栏*/
Menu.setApplicationMenu(null)
function createWindow() {
// Create the browser window.
const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
width: 800,
height: 600,
frame: true /*是否展示顶部导航 去掉关闭按钮 最大化最小化按钮*/ ,
webPreferences: {
preload: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js'),
},
})
// and load the index.html of the app.
// mainWindow.loadFile('index.html') 修改成如下
mainWindow.loadURL(mode === 'development' ? 'http://localhost:2103' : `file://${path.join(__dirname, '../dist/index.html')}`)
// Open the DevTools.
if (mode === 'development') {
mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools()
}
}
// This method will be called when Electron has finished
// initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
// Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
app.whenReady().then(() => {
createWindow()
app.on('activate', function() {
// On macOS it's common to re-create a window in the app when the
// dock icon is clicked and there are no other windows open.
if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) createWindow()
})
})
// Quit when all windows are closed, except on macOS. There, it's common
// for applications and their menu bar to stay active until the user quits
// explicitly with Cmd + Q.
app.on('window-all-closed', function() {
if (process.platform !== 'darwin') app.quit()
})
// In this file you can include the rest of your app's specific main process
// code. You can also put them in separate files and require them here.
3.vite.config.js
配置base: ‘./’
4.package.json
main：main.js修改成main：electron/main.js。添加electron和electron:serve指令
"main": "electron/main.js",
"scripts": {
"dev": "vite --host",
"serve": "vite preview",
"build": "vite build",
"electron": "wait-on tcp:2103 && electron . --mode=development ",
"electron:serve": "concurrently -k \"npm run dev\" \"npm run electron\""
},
运行项目
npm run electron:serve
1.如果运行不成功或者成功之后白屏，可查看以下几个关键配置
端口一致
electron热更新
electron可以使用electron-reloader这个依赖实现项目热更新：更改html/js/css代码框架自动更新，大大提高开发效率，不用每次都npm start重新启动。
1.安装electron-reloader依赖
npm install --save-dev electron-reloader
2.程序入口文件（一般是index.js）中加入以下代码
// Modules to control application life and create native browser window
const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu } = require('electron')
const path = require('path')
//这里的配置手动写的，也可以使用cross-env插件配置
const mode = 'development'
/*隐藏electron创听的菜单栏*/
// Menu.setApplicationMenu(null)
//热加载 以下为增加部分
try {
require('electron-reloader')(module,{});
} catch (_) {}
function createWindow() {
重启一下项目就可以了。
3、打包生成桌面应用
1.安装打包插件 electron-builder
npm install electron-builder --save-dev
2.package.json添加electron:build命令，和build配置
"main": "electron/main.js",
"scripts": {
"dev": "vite --host",
"serve": "vite preview",
"build": "vite build",
"electron": "wait-on tcp:2103 && electron . --mode=development ",
"electron:serve": "concurrently -k \"npm run dev\" \"npm run electron\"",
"electron:build": "npm run build && electron-builder"
},
"build": {
"appId": "8a06282fb08c48eeacb15bfbe4d3a35b",
"productName": "ElectronApp",
"copyright": "Copyright © 2022 <项目名称>",
"mac": {
"category": "public.app-category.utilities"
},
"nsis": {
"oneClick": false,
"allowToChangeInstallationDirectory": true
},
"files": [
"dist/**/*",
"electron/**/*"
],
"directories": {
"buildResources": "assets",
"output": "dist_electron"
}
}
注意electron/main.js里的配置
执行打包命令
npm run electron:build
出现报错Error: Cannot find module ‘fs/promises’
搜索了下是node版本太低
成功后当前项目下出现dist_electron文件夹，即为桌面应用安装包。
提示：多次打包如果报错，可删除dist_electron文件夹，再进行打包。
引用地址
