virtualenv 创建python3.8虚拟环境失败问题记录

1. 问题错误信息：

执行命令： virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3.8 py3env ，创建py3env的python3.8的虚拟环境

错误信息：

Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3.8

Using base prefix '/usr/local/python3'

/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py:1082: DeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation for alternative uses

import imp

New python executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python3.8

Also creating executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python

Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...

Complete output from command /home/mi/work/WALL-E...py3env/bin/python3.8 - setuptools pkg_resources pip wheel:

Exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line 209, in main

status = self.run(options, args)

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/commands/install.py", line 267, in run

with self._build_session(options) as session:

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line 66, in _build_session

session = PipSession(

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line 321, in __init__

self.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent()

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line 93, in user_agent

zip(["name", "version", "id"], platform.linux_distribution()),

AttributeError: module 'platform' has no attribute 'linux_distribution'

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "<stdin>", line 24, in <module>

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/__init__.py", line 217, in main

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line 242, in main

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line 66, in _build_session

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line 321, in __init__

File "/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line 93, in user_agent

AttributeError: module 'platform' has no attribute 'linux_distribution'

----------------------------------------

...Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done.

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 2363, in <module>

main()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 709, in main

create_environment(home_dir,

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 984, in create_environment

install_wheel(

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 918, in install_wheel

call_subprocess(cmd, show_stdout=False, extra_env=env, stdin=SCRIPT)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line 810, in call_subprocess

raise OSError(

OSError: Command /home/mi/work/WALL-E...py3env/bin/python3.8 - setuptools pkg_resources pip wheel failed with error code 1

2.问题解决思路：

从上面可知，关键信息：AttributeError: module 'platform' has no attribute 'linux_distribution'

原因是：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42415326/article/details/104767193

python3.7以后platform.linux_distribution()被移除了。

（详见https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/platform.html#platform.linux_distribution）

那安装wheel却走到了此方法，想着进入“/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py”，修改为“distro.linux_distribution()”。无奈是一个pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl是一个文件而非目录。

wheel文件是什么？？？

wheel 是新的 Python 的 disribution，用于替代 Python 传统的 egg 文件。目前有超过一半的库文件有对应的 wheel 文件。

*.whl文件有一点与*.egg文件相似：实际上它们都是“伪装的”*.zip文件。如果你将*.whl文件名扩展改为*.zip，你就可以使用你的zip应用程序打开它，并且可以查看它包含的文件和文件夹。

那么按上面，应该是系统的wheel文件比较老了，采用的是python3.7之前来实现的，那么应该替换一个新的。

https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/这里有系统的wheel文件，下载一个最新的pip-20.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl，更名为系统中的pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl，替换系统的pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl文件。

virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3.8 py3env

Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3.8

Using base prefix '/usr/local/python3'

/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py:1082: DeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation for alternative uses

import imp

New python executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python3.8

Also creating executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python

Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done.

成功了！！！