通过对廖雪峰的python教程学习生成器,如下代码:
def odd():
print('step 1')
yield 1
print('step 2')
yield (3)
print('step 3')
yield (5)
if __name__ == "__main__":
o = odd()
for index in o:
print(index)
输出内容如下:
step 1
1
step 2
3
step 3
5
generator函数,在每次调用next()的时候执行,遇到yield语句返回,再次执行时从上次返回的yield语句处继续执行。for循环就是调用next()函数,理解了这点就可以理解上述代码了。再scrapy框架爬虫中经常会遇到yield函数,
def start_requests(self):
self.log('------' + __name__ + ' start requests ------')
if self.task_running is False:
return
apps = appinfo_mq.query_star_ids(self.market, self.country, self.start_id,
self.start_index, self.keyword_count - self.start_index)
header = CommentsSpider.headers
# apps = ['548984223'] #文件管理器
if apps is not None:
log_file = open(self.log_path, 'a')
for app in apps:
app = app.replace('id', '')
log_file.write(str(app) + '---')
self.page_index[str(app)] = 1
self.is_first[str(app)] = True
new_url = CommentsSpider.url.format(app, 1)
yield Request(new_url, headers=header, meta={'app_id': app})
log_file.close()
else:
yield None
调用如下:
for req in self.start_requests():
if req is not None:
self.crawler.engine.crawl(req, spider=self)
self.no_keyword = False
else:
self.task_running = False
self.no_keyword = True
timer.check_keyword_recover(self.request_action)
break
我们的start_requests()函数生成一个generator,通过循环逐一拿到Request()请求,
通过我们的引擎self.crawler.engine对每一个网络请求进行爬取,
Request()是scrapy内部封装的网络请求。我们在爬虫中将所有的请求放入generator,
后面通过generator来灵活处理我们的请求。