NSString *urlString = @"https://www.baidu.com:8080/path/to/resource?param1=value1&param2=value2#fragment";

    // 将URL字符串转换为NSURL对象
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];

    // 提取各个组成部分
    NSString *scheme = url.scheme; // 协议，例如 "https"
    NSString *host = url.host; // 主机名，例如 "www.baidu.com"
    NSNumber *port = url.port; // 端口号，如果有的话，例如 8080
    NSString *path = url.path; // 路径，例如 "/path/to/resource"
    NSString *query = url.query; // 查询参数，例如 "param1=value1&param2=value2"
    NSString *fragment = url.fragment; // 片段，例如 "fragment"

    NSLog(@"Scheme: %@", scheme);
    NSLog(@"Host: %@", host);
    NSLog(@"Port: %@", port);
    NSLog(@"Path: %@", path);
    NSLog(@"Query: %@", query);
    NSLog(@"Fragment: %@", fragment);