上篇讲了列表的切片操作。这篇开始讲列表的常用api函数。老规矩,一篇讲8个。
1,__add__在列表末尾添加一个列表。返回一个新列表。
注意:只能添加列表,即参数只能是列表。否则报错
语法:list.__add__(list)
ls = ["a","b","c"]l2 = ls.__add__(["d","e"])
print(ls)
print(l2)
2,append在列表末尾追加元素或对象
ls = ["a","b","c"]
ls.append("d")
ls.append("pyer_up")
ls.append(["1","2"])
ls.append({"1","2"})
ls.append({"1","2"})
ls.append({"1":"I","2":"am"})
print(ls)
如果我们希望列表里面单纯存储元素,而不是包含元组,列表,字典等对象,可以使用遍历的方法将这些对象的元素逐个添加到list中:
ls = ["a","b","c"]
dic = {"1":"I","2":"am"}
lis = ["1","2"]
fori in dic.values():
ls.append(i)
print(ls)
forj in lis:
ls.append(j)
print(ls)
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__add__ VS append
1,从功能上讲,append无疑更加强大。
2,如果只是想把另外一个列表的元素添加进来,__add__无疑更加高效。
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3,__delattr__
__delitem__通过索引值删除元素语法:l_obj.__delitem__(index)
ls = ["a","b","c"]
ls.__delitem__(1)
print(ls)
4,__len__与内置函数len一样,返回列表的长度
5,__sizeof__返回对象在内存中的长度,单位:bytes
6,clear,清空列表
7,copy
"""7,copy复制列表(浅复制)"""
ls = ["a","b","c"]
l1 = ls.copy()
print(l1)
8,count
count统计元素出现的次数语法:l_obj.count(el)
ls = ["a","b","c","a"]
l1 = ls.count("a")
print(l1)