一、前言
在Android开发中,加载图片是很常见的情况,我们一般选择传统的加载图片框架如universalimageloader,picasso,fresco等。最近群里有个朋友说,面试遇到一个面试官说加载巨图怎么解决,就是一个图片很大,比如清明上河图,世界地图等,一个屏幕显示不完,又不能缩小,压缩,该怎么解决。
像这种情况当然是查官方文档了,其实android早就给我们解决方案——BitmapRegionDecoder,从API10就引入了。如下图:
看官方文档的说明,这个类就是用来显示指定区域的图像,当原始图像大,你只需要部分图像时,BitmapRegionDecoder特别有用。
二、使用
说了这么多,我们来看看怎么使用它吧
最主要的就是BitmapRegionDecode.newInstance(...)获取一个对象,然后通过这个对象去调用decodeRegion(...)得到bitmap,最后就可以显示在屏幕上了。考虑到用户可以触摸移动图像,我们用手势控制器GestureDetector来控制图片显示的区域。
public class LargeImageView extends View implements GestureDetector.OnGestureListener {
private static final String TAG = "LargeImageView";
private BitmapRegionDecoder mDecoder;
//绘制的区域
private volatile Rect mRect = new Rect();
private int mScaledTouchSlop;
// 分别记录上次滑动的坐标
private int mLastX = 0;
private int mLastY = 0;
//图片的宽度和高度
private int mImageWidth, mImageHeight;
//手势控制器
private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
private BitmapFactory.Options options;
public LargeImageView(Context context) {
super(context);
init(context, null);
}
public LargeImageView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
init(context, attrs);
}
public LargeImageView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
init(context, attrs);
}
private void init(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
//设置显示图片的参数,如果对图片质量有要求,就选择ARGB_8888模式
options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
mScaledTouchSlop = ViewConfiguration.get(getContext())
.getScaledTouchSlop();
Log.d(TAG, "sts:" + mScaledTouchSlop);
//初始化手势控制器
mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(context, this);
//获取图片的宽高
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = context.getResources().getAssets().open("timg.jpg");
//初始化BitmapRegionDecode,并用它来显示图片
mDecoder = BitmapRegionDecoder
.newInstance(is, false);
BitmapFactory.Options tmpOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
// 设置为true则只获取图片的宽高等信息,不加载进内存
tmpOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, tmpOptions);
mImageWidth = tmpOptions.outWidth;
mImageHeight = tmpOptions.outHeight;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (is != null) {
is.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//把触摸事件交给手势控制器处理
return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
}
@Override
public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) {
mLastX = (int) e.getRawX();
mLastY = (int) e.getRawY();
return true;
}
@Override
public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
}
@Override
public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
int x = (int) e2.getRawX();
int y = (int) e2.getRawY();
move(x, y);
return true;
}
/**
* 移动的时候更新图片显示的区域
*
* @param x
* @param y
*/
private void move(int x, int y) {
int deltaX = x - mLastX;
int deltaY = y - mLastY;
Log.d(TAG, "move, deltaX:" + deltaX + " deltaY:" + deltaY);
//如果图片宽度大于屏幕宽度
if (mImageWidth > getWidth()) {
//移动rect区域
mRect.offset(-deltaX, 0);
//检查是否到达图片最右端
if (mRect.right > mImageWidth) {
mRect.right = mImageWidth;
mRect.left = mImageWidth - getWidth();
}
//检查左端
if (mRect.left < 0) {
mRect.left = 0;
mRect.right = getWidth();
}
invalidate();
}
//如果图片高度大于屏幕高度
if (mImageHeight > getHeight()) {
mRect.offset(0, -deltaY);
//是否到达最底部
if (mRect.bottom > mImageHeight) {
mRect.bottom = mImageHeight;
mRect.top = mImageHeight - getHeight();
}
if (mRect.top < 0) {
mRect.top = 0;
mRect.bottom = getHeight();
}
//重绘
invalidate();
}
mLastX = x;
mLastY = y;
}
@Override
public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
mLastX = (int) e.getRawX();
mLastY = (int) e.getRawY();
}
@Override
public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
int x = (int) e2.getRawX();
int y = (int) e2.getRawY();
move(x, y);
return true;
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
//显示图片
Bitmap bm = mDecoder.decodeRegion(mRect, options);
canvas.drawBitmap(bm, 0, 0, null);
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
int width = getMeasuredWidth();
int height = getMeasuredHeight();
int imageWidth = mImageWidth;
int imageHeight = mImageHeight;
//默认显示图片的中心区域,开发者可自行选择
mRect.left = imageWidth / 2 - width / 2;
mRect.top = imageHeight / 2 - height / 2;
mRect.right = mRect.left + width;
mRect.bottom = mRect.top + height;
}
}