前言

不啰嗦

正文

对于自定义键盘，官方提供了两个玩意（再简单的键盘也都要用到）：Keyboard和KeyboardView，当然，为了方便我们会定义一个util：KeyboardUtil

Keyboard

Loads an XML description of a keyboard and stores the attributes of the keys. A keyboard consists of rows of keys.

加载键盘的XML描述并存储键的属性。键盘由一行键组成。（还有翻译，我真贴心）
keyboard是一个xml文件，下面有个例子：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          android:keyWidth="33%p"
          android:horizontalGap="1dp"
          android:verticalGap="1dp"
          android:keyHeight="54dp">
    <Row>
        <Key android:codes="49" android:keyLabel="1" android:keyEdgeFlags="left"/>
        <Key android:codes="50" android:keyLabel="2" />
        <Key android:codes="51" android:keyLabel="3" />

    </Row>

    <Row>
        <Key android:codes="52" android:keyLabel="4" android:keyEdgeFlags="left" />
        <Key android:codes="53" android:keyLabel="5" />
        <Key android:codes="54" android:keyLabel="6" />

    </Row>

    <Row>
        <Key android:codes="55" android:keyLabel="7" android:keyEdgeFlags="left"/>
        <Key android:codes="56" android:keyLabel="8" />
        <Key android:codes="57" android:keyLabel="9" />
    </Row>

    <Row>
        <Key android:codes="46" android:keyLabel="." android:keyEdgeFlags="left" />
        <Key android:codes="48" android:keyLabel="0" />
        <Key android:codes="-5" android:isRepeatable="true"
            android:keyIcon="@drawable/delete_tzjesr"/>
    </Row>
</Keyboard>

具体描述如下：

实例为三列四行标准格式，接下来聊一聊标准：最标准的莫过于每个键同样的高度同样的宽度，当然这是很理想的一种形式。我们一般会得到UI强制规定的个性化键盘:

UI强制规定的个性化键盘

不同颜色的自定义键下面说别着急，对于上面这样的不规则键盘，因为只能一行一行放置键，

所以首先keyWidth我们设置为25%p我们一行最多要放四个键，一三行我们放四个键二四行放三个键，第一三行最后一个键高度为其他键高度的两倍需要在<key />里面单独写keyHeight，同理如果键宽不一样的话单独设置即可。

KeyboardView

A view that renders a virtual Keyboard. It handles rendering of keys and detecting key presses and touch movements.
呈现虚拟键盘的视图。它处理按键的渲染和检测按键和触摸动作。

这个东西就是写在布局里的view了

示例如下：

<com.ql.jcjr.view.MyKeyboredView
        android:id="@+id/keyboard_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="216dp"
        android:background="@color/divider_color"
        android:focusable="true"
        android:shadowRadius="0.0"
        android:shadowColor="@color/c_fffff"
        android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
        android:keyBackground="@drawable/keyboard_key"
        android:keyTextColor="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
        />

这是我重写掉的，后面会讲。

具体属性如下：

android:shadowRadius="0.0" android:shadowColor="背景色"
这两个属性可以解决键盘上显示的文字糊的问题。

KeyboardUtil

public class KeyboardUtil {
    private View ll_jianpan;
    private KeyboardView mKeyboardView;
    private Keyboard mNumberKeyboard; // 数字键盘
    private Keyboard mLetterKeyboard; // 字母键盘
    private Context mContext;

    private boolean isNumber = false;  // 是否数字键盘
    private boolean isUpper = false;   // 是否大写
    private EditText mEditText;

    /**
     *
     * @param context
     * @param view
     * @param editText
     * @param type  0,空白格 1，小数点  2，身份证X
     */
    public KeyboardUtil(Context context, View view, EditText editText,int type) {
        mContext=context;
        mEditText = editText;
        mLetterKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_qwerty);
        mKeyboardView = (KeyboardView) view.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);
        ll_jianpan= view.findViewById(R.id.ll_jianpan);
        ImageView iv_close= (ImageView) ll_jianpan.findViewById(R.id.iv_close);
        iv_close.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                hideKeyboard();
            }
        });
        if (type==0){
            mNumberKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_numbers_blank);
        }else if (type==1){
            mNumberKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_numbers);
        }else if (type==2){
            mNumberKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_numbers_realname);
        }else if (type==66299){
            mNumberKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_numbers_blank);
            iv_close.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        }

        mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(mNumberKeyboard);
        mKeyboardView.setEnabled(true);
        mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
        mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener);

    }
    public KeyboardUtil(Context context, Activity activity, EditText editText, int type) {
        mContext=context;
        mEditText = editText;
        if (type==0){
            mNumberKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_numbers_blank);
        }else if (type==1){
            mNumberKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_numbers);
        }else if (type==2){
            mNumberKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_numbers_realname);
        }
        mLetterKeyboard = new Keyboard(context, R.xml.keyboard_qwerty);
        mKeyboardView = (KeyboardView) activity.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);
        ll_jianpan= activity.findViewById(R.id.ll_jianpan);
        mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(mNumberKeyboard);
        mKeyboardView.setEnabled(true);
        mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
        mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener);
        ImageView iv_close= (ImageView) ll_jianpan.findViewById(R.id.iv_close);
        iv_close.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                hideKeyboard();
            }
        });
    }


    private KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener listener = new KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener() {
        @Override
        public void onPress(int primaryCode) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onRelease(int primaryCode) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {
            Editable editable = mEditText.getText();
            int start = mEditText.getSelectionStart();
            if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_CANCEL||primaryCode == 66299) { // cancel
                hideKeyboard();
            } else if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_DELETE) { // 回退
                if (editable != null && editable.length() > 0) {
                    if (start > 0) {
                        editable.delete(start - 1, start);
                    }
                }
            } else if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_SHIFT) { // 大小写切换
                changeKeyboart();
                mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(mLetterKeyboard);

            } else if (primaryCode == Keyboard.KEYCODE_MODE_CHANGE) { // 数字与字母键盘互换
                if (isNumber) {
                    isNumber = false;
                    mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(mLetterKeyboard);
                } else {
                    isNumber = true;
                    mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(mNumberKeyboard);
                }

            } else if (primaryCode == 57419) { // 左移
                if (start > 0) {
                    mEditText.setSelection(start - 1);
                }

            } else if (primaryCode == 57419) { // 右移
                if (start > mEditText.length()) {
                    mEditText.setSelection(start + 1);
                }
            } else { // 输入键盘值
                editable.insert(start, Character.toString((char) primaryCode));
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onText(CharSequence text) {

        }

        @Override
        public void swipeLeft() {

        }

        @Override
        public void swipeRight() {

        }

        @Override
        public void swipeDown() {

        }

        @Override
        public void swipeUp() {

        }
    };

    private void changeKeyboart() {
        List<Keyboard.Key> keyList = mLetterKeyboard.getKeys();
        if (isUpper) { // 大写切换小写
            isUpper = false;
            for (Keyboard.Key key : keyList) {
                if (key.label != null && isLetter(key.label.toString())) {
                    key.label = key.label.toString().toLowerCase();
                    key.codes[0] = key.codes[0] + 32;
                }
            }
        } else { // 小写切换成大写
            isUpper = true;
            for (Keyboard.Key key : keyList) {
                if (key.label != null && isLetter(key.label.toString())) {
                    key.label = key.label.toString().toUpperCase();
                    key.codes[0] = key.codes[0] - 32;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否是字母
     */
    private boolean isLetter(String str) {
        String wordStr = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
        return wordStr.contains(str.toLowerCase());
    }

    public void hideKeyboard() {

        int visibility = ll_jianpan.getVisibility();
        if (visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
            ll_jianpan.startAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(mContext,R.anim.anim_bottom_out));
            ll_jianpan.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        }
    }

    public void showKeyboard() {
        int visibility = ll_jianpan.getVisibility();
        if (visibility == View.GONE || visibility == View.INVISIBLE) {
            ll_jianpan.startAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(mContext,R.anim.anim_bottom_in));
            ll_jianpan.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }
    }
}

ll_jianpan其实就是一个包含keyboradview的线性布局
在这里比较重要的就是实现键盘的监听OnKeyboardActionListener

下面有一张对应表code对应ASCII值 然后输出的就是控制字符 :

对应表

当然我们肯定需要自定义一些功能，如关闭键盘切换数字字母键盘左移右移等，这些都放在了OnKeyboardActionListener的onKey中。其实就是根据不同的code处理不同的事件，自定义code尽量个性点防止跟已占用code发生冲突。

既然是自定义键盘，我们当然要阻拦系统键盘，方法如下:

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
            editText.getCancelEditText().setShowSoftInputOnFocus(false);
 }else {
            editText.getCancelEditText().setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);
  }

PS：setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL)会让输入框失去光标，但是没办法21以下的没有setShowSoftInputOnFocus(false)这方法。

至于打开键盘，可以在触摸输入框的时候触发也可直接触发:

 editText.getCancelEditText().setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {
                new KeyboardUtil(mContext, Activity.this, editText,0).showKeyboard();
                return false;
            }
        });

最后，重写的Keyboradview:

public class MyKeyboredView extends KeyboardView {


    public MyKeyboredView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public MyKeyboredView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
    public MyKeyboredView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        List<Keyboard.Key> keys = getKeyboard().getKeys();
        for (Keyboard.Key key : keys) {
            if (key.codes[0] == 66299) {
                Log.e("KEY", "Drawing key with code " + key.codes[0]);
                Drawable dr = (Drawable) JcbApplication.getInstance().getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.jianpan_sure);
                dr.setBounds(key.x, key.y, key.x + key.width, key.y + key.height);
                dr.draw(canvas);
            } else {

            }
        }
    }
}

重写onDraw（）根据code把点九图充满指定的键即可

后记

看到这你可能在找demo源码，不好意思没有的，如果你的时间确实很紧请移步，如果你还有点时间，一天自己学完写完没什么问题的，欢迎提出问题，我们一起学习。