需求描述
很多时候我们需要多个容器配合使用，但是一个一个的去配置部署是一件很麻烦的事情，这时候就需要一个能够一处配置，到处使用的方案，于是就有了compose。
Compose 安装
安装比较简单，查一下文档就知道了，比如这里要安装1.21.2版本：
sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose # 下载可执行文件
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose # 如果需要的话，添加可执行权限
docker-compose --version # 试一试安装成功了没有
一个例子
compose默认使用名为docker-compose.yml的配置文件，我们先来试一试。
下面的例子创建了一组container，主体部分是一个wordpress服务，使用mysql作为数据库。
docker-compose.yml
version: '3'
services:
wordpress:
image: wordpress
ports:
- 8080:80
depends_on:
- mysql
environment:
WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: mysql:3306
WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: root
networks:
- my-bridge
mysql:
image: mysql:5.7
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
volumes:
- mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql
networks:
- my-bridge
volumes:
mysql-data:
networks:
my-bridge:
driver: bridge
然后在命令行执行
docker-compose up
程序便会在当前目录下找到docker-compose.yml文件并根据配置创建相应的container。
如果要指定yml文件， 可执行
docker-compose -f youfile.yml up
这样的话，运行的日志会持续打印，如果要让其后台运行的话，和docker一样，加入-d参数就可以了。
然后执行一下docker ps，看看container是否正常启动。
最后打开浏览器，看一看是否能打开wordpress。
更多命令
compose 还有许多功能，我们可以使用docker-compose --help查看
docker-compose --help
Define and run multi-container applications with Docker.
Usage:
docker-compose [-f <arg>...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]
docker-compose -h|--help
Options:
-f, --file FILE Specify an alternate compose file
(default: docker-compose.yml)
-p, --project-name NAME Specify an alternate project name
(default: directory name)
--verbose Show more output
--log-level LEVEL Set log level (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
--no-ansi Do not print ANSI control characters
-v, --version Print version and exit
-H, --host HOST Daemon socket to connect to
--tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert CA_PATH Trust certs signed only by this CA
--tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH Path to TLS certificate file
--tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH Path to TLS key file
--tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
--skip-hostname-check Don't check the daemon's hostname against the
name specified in the client certificate
--project-directory PATH Specify an alternate working directory
(default: the path of the Compose file)
--compatibility If set, Compose will attempt to convert deploy
keys in v3 files to their non-Swarm equivalent
Commands:
build Build or rebuild services
bundle Generate a Docker bundle from the Compose file
config Validate and view the Compose file
create Create services
down Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes
events Receive real time events from containers
exec Execute a command in a running container
help Get help on a command
images List images
kill Kill containers
logs View output from containers
pause Pause services
port Print the public port for a port binding
ps List containers
pull Pull service images
push Push service images
restart Restart services
rm Remove stopped containers
run Run a one-off command
scale Set number of containers for a service
start Start services
stop Stop services
top Display the running processes
unpause Unpause services
up Create and start containers
version Show the Docker-Compose version information
其中很多命令和docker的差不多，比较容易理解。
再来一个例子
如果我们需要自己创建一个image来启动container 怎么弄的
Dockerfile
FROM python:2.7
LABEL maintaner="Peng Xiao xiaoquwl@gmail.com"
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app
RUN pip install flask redis
EXPOSE 5000
CMD [ "python", "app.py" ]
docker-compose.yml
version: "3"
services:
redis:
image: redis
web:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
ports:
- 8080:5000
environment:
REDIS_HOST: redis
然后创建的方式和上面一样。
