Lesson 46 Do it yourself 自己动手
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
●plead v.找（借口），辩解
●ignorance n.无知，不懂
●publication n. 出版物
●newlyweds n.新婚夫妇
●gaily adv.愉快地，高兴地
●leisure n.空闲
●keen adj.热心的，渴望的
●advisory adj.咨询的
●novice n.新手
●consumer n.消费者，顾客
●assemble v.装配，组装
●outlet n.出路
●creative adj.创造性的
●handyman n.手巧的人，能工巧匠
●resourceful adj. 足智多谋的
●fuse v.由于烧断保险丝而短路
●rickety adj.要散架的，晃动的
●clog v.堵塞
●delusion n.错觉
●lawn mower 割草机
●adjustment n.调整
●screw n.螺丝钉
●dismantle v.拆卸
●chunk n.（厚）块
●snap v.绷断
●insurmountable adj. 不能克服的，难以对付的
●jigsaw n.线锯
●nag v.唠叨不休
●rust v.生锈
◆plead v. 找（借口），辩解
plead ignorance: 一无所知
Eg: Theauthorities plead ignorance.
I pleaded that Iwas ill so I couldn’t go to the party.
plead that...
pleadable 可辩护的
Eg: This is apleadable case.
pleading n. 辩护，恳求
pleader n. 辩护人
beg vt. 肯求（可怜地一再要求）
beg sb. not to do
ask 请求，要求（期待肯定的答复）
entreat: 请求（通过反反复复的请求，来说服、软化对方）
implore 要求（迫切地、痛苦地要求）
Eg: The poor manimplored me for help.
◆ignorance n. 无知，不懂
◆publication n. 出版物
◆newlyweds n. 新婚夫妇
◆gaily adv. 愉快地，高兴地
◆◆◆leisure n. 空闲
spare time
leisure hours
at leisure 悠闲自得的，空闲的
L46-01 end 9’23”
L46-02 begin 13’05”
Eg: I’m quite atleisure if you want to me to help you.
at one’s leisure 在某人空闲的时候，在某人高兴的时候
Eg: Look me up, atyour leisure.
drop in me, atyour leisure.
At your leisure,please call me.
wait sb.’s leisure等某人有空闲的时候
◆◆◆keen adj. 热心的，渴望的
eager, anxious
be keen about 迷上，喜欢上
The boy is keenabout footfall.
be keen on sth. 迷上，喜欢上（口）
anxious （焦急的心情，因焦虑而渴望）
eager (因特别想得到或拥有某物而渴求)
Eg: What are youeager for?
keen (因为极大的兴趣和欲念而热衷于)
◆advisory adj. 咨询的
◆novice n. 新手
◆consumer n. 消费者，顾客
◆assemble v. 装配，组装
assemble vi. 众多人的集会
==fit, put theparts / pieces together
Eg: It took methree hours to assemble thy bicycle.
amass, accumulate,collect, gather, assemble, store up, hold up
◆outlet n. 出路
排水口，通风口
a way throughwhich sth. may go out
an outlet for
water 排水口
an outlet for air 通风口
Eg: This is anoutlet for you to get success.
He wants an outlet
for his anger.他需要一个出气筒。
outlet for
inlet 进口，入口
◆creative adj. 创造性的
inventive adj. 善于创造的，发明的
◆handyman n. 手巧的人，能工巧匠
◆◆◆resourceful adj. 足智多谋的
==witty 机智的，俏皮的，言辞巧妙的
wit 智慧，智谋
L46-02 end (46-03) 13’05”
L46-03 begin 13’05”
Eg: He’s introuble and he’s witts ended.
wit: 智慧，智谋（通常用复数形式）
resource 资源；消遣，娱乐==entertainment, amusement
entertainment 为使某人开心而进行的娱乐和消遣== amusement
resource 消遣的目的是为了打发时间
◆fuse v. 由于烧断保险丝而短路
◆rickety adj. 要散架的，晃动的
◆clog v. 堵塞
◆delusion n. 错觉
◆lawn mower 割草机
◆adjustment n. 调整
adjust 指调整，调节，使之适应
◆◆◆screw n. 螺丝钉
screw vt. 1. 拧
screw down用螺丝钉固定住；约束
screw up固定住；把.....揉成一团
screw out拧出来；勉强拿出，逼出
screw around鬼混；闲逛
as he has a screw loose / missing
Eg: Don’t have a
chat with him as he has a screw loose. 不要跟他闲聊，他这个人疯疯颠颠的。
You must have your
head screwed properly. 你必须保持头脑清醒。
L46-03 end 13’05”
L46-04 begin 13’05”
◆dismantle v. 拆卸
take apart
He took a longmorapart.
◆chunk n. （厚）块
◆snap v. 绷断
猛咬（==bite）；拍快照
break suddenly
The chain snapsuddenly.
snap one’s fingers
at sb. 弹响指
snap sth. up 迅速地抓住机会抢购
Eg: The cheapist
dresses were quickly snapped up. 抢购一空
in a snap 立刻，马上
It is a snap. 很轻松，小菜一碟
◆insurmountable adj. 不能克服的，难以对付的
==cannot beovercome
surmount: 克服 surmountdifficulty
Eg:They are facedwith insurmountable difficulties.
vanquish: 克服
◆jigsaw n. 线锯
◆nag v. 唠叨不休
◆rust v. 生锈
【Text】
§ Lesson 46 Do it yourself 自己动手
Q：Did the writer repair his lawn mower in the end? Why/ Why not?
So great is ourpassion for doing things for ourselves, that we are becoming increasingIy lessdependent on specialized labour. No one can plead ignorance of a subject anylonger, for there are countless do-it-yourself publications. Armed with theright tools and materials, newlyweds gaily embark on the task of decoratingtheir own homes. Men, particularly, spend hours of their leisure timeinstalling their own fireplaces, laying out their own gardens; building garagesand making furniture. Some really keen enthusiasts go so far as to build theirown computers. Shops cater for the do-it-yourself craze not only by runningspecial advisory services for novices, but by offering consumers bits andpieces which they can assemble at home. Such things provide an excellent outletfor pent up creative energy, but unfortunately not all of us are born handymen.
Some wives tend tobelieve that their husbands are infinitely resourceful and can fix anything.Even men who can hardly drive a nail in straight are supposed to be bornelectricians, carpenters, plumbers and me-
chanics. When lights fuse, furniture gets rickety, pipes get clogged, or vacuumcleaners fail to operate, some women assume that their husbands will somehowput things right. The worst thing about the do-it-yourself game is thatsometimes even men live under the delusion that they can do anything, even whenthey have repeatedly been proved wrong. It is a question of pride as much asanything else.
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[endif]Last spring my wifesuggested that I call in a man to look at our lawn mower. It had broken downthe previous summer, and though I promised to repair it, I had never got roundto it. I would not hear of the suggestion and said that I would fix it myself.One Saturday afternoon, I hauled the machine into the garden and had a closelook at it. As far as I could see, it only needed a minor adjustment: a turn ofa screw here, a little tightening up there, a drop of oil and it would be asgood as new. Inevitably the repair job was not quite so simple. The mowerfirmly refused to mow, so I decided to dismantle it. The garden was soonlittered with chunks of metal which had once made up a lawn mower. But I wasextremely pleased with myself. I had traced the cause of the trouble. One ofthe links in the chain that drives the wheels had snapped. After buying a newchain I was faced with the insurmountable task of putting the confusing jigsawpuzzle together again. I was not surprised to find that the machine stillrefused to work after I had reassembled it, for the simple reason that I wasleft with several curiously shaped bits of metal which did not seem to fitanywhere. I gave up in despair. The weeks passed and the grass grew. When mywife nagged me to do something about it, I told her that either I would have tobuy a new mower or let the grass grow. Needless to say our house is nowsurrounded by a jungle. Buried somewhere in deep grass there is a rustinglawn-mower which I have prom-
ised to repair one day.
参考译文
现在我们自己动手做事的热情很高，结果对于专业工人的依赖越来越少了。由于出版了不计其数的教人自己动手做事的书报杂志，没有人再能说对某事一无所知。新婚夫妇找来合适的工具和材料，喜气洋洋地开始布置新房。特别是男人，常利用空闲时间安装壁炉、布置花园、建造车库、制作家具。有些热衷于自己动手的人甚至自己组装电脑。为了满足自己动手热的需要，商店不仅为初学者提供专门的咨询服务，而且为顾客准备了各种零件，供他们买回家去安装。这些东西为人们潜在的创造力提供了一个绝妙的用武之地。但不幸的是，我们并非人人都是能工巧匠。
妻子常常认为她们的丈夫无比聪明能干。甚至那些连一枚钉子都钉不直的男人都被认为是天生的电工、木匠、水管工和机械师。每当电灯保险丝烧断、家具榫头松动、管道堵塞、吸尘器不动时，有些妻子认为丈夫总有办法。自己动手的例子中最糟糕的是，有时甚至是男人尽管接连失败却还误以为自己什么都行，原因就是要面子。
今年春天，妻子让我请人检查一下我家的割草机。那台割草机去年夏天就坏了，尽管我答应修，但一直没抽出时间，我不愿听妻子的建议，说我自己会修。一个星期六的下午，我把割草机拉到了花园里，仔细检查了一番。在我看来，只需稍加调整即可。这儿紧紧螺丝，那儿固定一下，再加几滴油，就会像新的一样了。事实上，修理工作远不是那么简单。修完后割草机还是纹丝不动。于是，我决定把它拆开。一会儿工夫，割草机便被拆成一个个金属零件，乱七八糟地堆在花园里。但我却非常高兴，因为我找到了毛病所在。驱动轮子的链条断了一节。我买来一根新链条后，面临的就是如何把这些令人眼花缭乱的拼板重新组装起来。等我装完后，那台割草机仍然一动不动，对此我倒并不感到吃惊。原因很简单，因为还剩下几个形状奇特的零件似乎哪里也装不上去。我无可奈何，只好罢休。几个星期过去了，草长了起来。妻子喋喋不休让我想点办法。我告诉她，要么买一台新割草机，要么让草长下去。不用说，我家现在已被丛林包围。深草丛中的某个地方有一台正在生锈的割草机，那就是我曾答应某日要修理的割草机。
【课文讲解】
本文非常优秀，一是在句子结构上，二是在系列短语上
背诵：So great is our passion for doing thingsfor ourselves, that we are becoming increasingIy less dependent on specializedlabour.
此句的基本句型是so...that... 引导的结果状语从句，为了强调great这个词，把so great 提到句首，因此主谓语要倒装。
passion 热情
passion for doingsth.
be / become
dependent on ≠independent
less dependent =more independent
specialized ==skillful
背诵：No one can plead ignorance of a subject anylonger,
plead ignorance of
sth. 对......一无所知
Eg: He pleadeignorance of the accident.
countless 不计其数的
背诵：Armed with the right tools and materials,newlyweds gaily embark on the task of decorating their own homes.
armed with 佩戴上
L46-04 end 13’05”
Lesson46A end 48:31
Lesson46B begin 54:56
L46-05 begin (47-02) 13’58”
gaily == happily,cheerfully
embark on doing
sth. 从事做（新的、难度大的事情）==start sth. (new or difficult)
lay out 安排，布置
go so far as to
do: 竟然到了干......的地步
Eg: Oh, my god, hewent so far as to refuse my demand.
She goes so far as to go shopping / withit shop every day.
keen: 感兴趣的，热心的
enthusiasm 热情
cater for 满足，迎合人们的需要== provide what is necessary
Eg: Our schooltries to cater for students needs / demands.
do-it-yourself 合成形容词
craze== passion
bits and pieces 备件，零件
特点：重复介词使用
in dread of: 害怕
背诵：Such things provide an excellent outlet forpent up creative energy,
provide an outlet
for: 寻找......出路
pent up：被压抑的==oppressed
potential 潜在的
not all of us 部分的否定
none of us 全部的否定
born：生来就是
L46-05 end 13’58”
L46-06 begin 14’08”
背诵：Some wives tend to believe that theirhusbands are infinitely resourceful and can fix anything.
Some wives liveunder the illusion that their husbands are infinitely resourceful and can fixanything.
tend to: 倾向于
tend to do sth. 有.....倾向
tend to sth. 照料，伺候==attend to (应付，对付==dealwith)
背诵：Even men who can hardly drive a nail instraight are supposed to be born electricians, carpenters,
be supposed to 一致公认
背诵：When lights fuse, furniture gets rickety,pipes get clogged, or vacuum cleaners fail to operate, some women assume thattheir husbands will somehow put things right.
some women assumethat their husbands will somehow put things right.
presume: 表示猜测，主观判断，有事实可以依据
assume: 主观武断的认为
L44: You canstretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, meet interesting people andenjoy good food--always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm.
The worst thing is
that...最糟糕的事情
delusion(语气强烈)==illusion
背诵：The worst thing about the do-it-yourselfgame is that sometimes even men live under the delusion that they can doanything, even when they have repeatedly been proved wrong.
背诵：It is a question of pride as much asanything else.
It is a questionof pride...
as much as
anything (else) 加强语气==very, very much
call in a man tolook at sth.
break down: 坏掉了
fail to operate
L46-06 end 14’08”
L46-07 begin 14’15”
get / come round
to sth. 抽出时间做某事
make time to dosth. / spare time to do sth.
Eg: I got round towriting the letter after two days delay.
as far as I could
see == as far as I knew / as far as I could find / discover 在我看来
minor≠major
it would be asgood as new
as good as 几乎，差不多==almost, actually, virtually, nearly
Eg: He as good as
turned me down. 他实际上就是拒绝了我。
inevitably 不可避免地
背诵：The garden was soon littered with chunks ofmetal which had once made up a lawn-mower.
be littered with 放满了
make up 表示一种状态
assemble:强调动作
背诵：I had traced the cause of the trouble.
trace: 跟踪==find, discover
背诵：After buying a new chain I was faced withthe insurmountable task of putting the confusing jigsaw puzzle together again.
be faced with 面对，面临
confusing ==puzzling, perplexing
for the simple
reason that: 出于这个简单的原因
背诵：Buried somewhere in deep grass there is arusting lawn-mower which I have promised to repair one day.
buried somewhere
in deep grass... 连接上下文，加强语气，修饰lawn mower
L46-07 end 14’15”
L46-08 begin 12’09”
【Vocabulary】 P214
Explain themeanings of the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage:inreasingly(l.2); plead ignorance (l.3); gaily embark on the task (l.5);installing (l.7); novices (l.9); repeatedly (l.17)
increasingly: moreand more
plead ignorance 找借口辩解说不知情（=get an excuse for not knowing）
gaily embark onthe task: happily start the job
installing: fixing
novice: 新手beginner / learner
repeatedly : 反反复复地，重复地 （=again and again; renewedly）
【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension
1 Why did the writer’s wife suggest calling ina man to look at the mower?
a. To get herhusband to mend it, believing him to be a born carpenter.
b. She hadforgotten that her husband had promised to mend it.
c. She suspectedit would otherwise remain unrepaired and the grass uncut.
d. Her husband hadrepeatedly tried mending it already without success.
suspected (that)... / doubt whether...
remainunrepaired uncut
2 The writer decided to dismantle the mowerbecause _____ .
a. it was aSaturday and he had the time to spare
b. he haddiscovered the cause of the trouble
c. he thought itwas a sure way of roving it would not work
d. what repairs hehad already carried out had not proved adequate
dismantle: take
apart 拆开
adequate: enough
背熟：what repairs he had already carried out hadnot proved adequate
3 The writer’s house is now surrounded by ajungle because _____ .
a. he lost severalpieces of the mower in the process of dismantling it
b. by now the lawnmower is too rusty to cut the grass with
c. besides nothaving cut the grass, he has failed to cut down the trees
d. his wife wasnot prepared to let him buy a new lawn mower
be prepared to do
Structure
4 ★★★---- that we are _____ dependent on specializedlabour as we used to be. (ll.1-2)
a. increasinglyless b. becoming not so c. not nearly as d. becoming less
as...as
used to be
Eg: He doesn’twork as hard as he used to.
5 Whatever it is, a fused light, _____furniture, a clogged pipe, a broken-down vacuum cleaner, wives automaticallyassume... (ll.14-15)
a. shaked b. a shaken c. a shaky d. shaky
平行结构
6 ---- my wife said to me: ‘Darling, _____ callsomeone in to look at the lawn mower?’ (l.18)
a. why don’tyou b. why you don’t c. would you be kind to d.do you kindly
suggest doing sth.----Why don’t you? Why not?
7 ---- which I have promised to get round _____one day. (l.19)
a. to repair it b. to repairing c. repairing d. to repairing it
get round to doing/ come round to doing
Vocabulary
8 To plead ignorance of a subject is no longera _____ , for there are... (ll.2-4)
a. wiseprecauting b. literary discussion c. legitimate excuse d. reasonable allowance
precaution: 预防措施take precautions
legitimate:reasonable
9 Men, _____ spend hours of their leisure timeon do-it-yourself. (ll.6-7)
a. mostly b. especially c. rather d. specially
particularly,especially
10 Some women assume that their husbands willsomehow put things _____ (ll.14-15)
a. in order b. well c. in straight d. correctly
11 I was left with bits of metal which did notseem to _____ anywhere. (l.28)
a. fasten b. suit c. go d. fix
suit 指合乎要求，口味，性格
12 _____ , our house is now surrounded by ajungle. (ll.29-30)
a. As a matter offact b. As you can imagine c. As a result d. As a last resort
【Key to Multiple choice questions】
1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B
§ Lesson 47 Too high a price? 代价太高
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
●pollution n. 污染
●overpopulated adj. 人口多的
●over-industrialized adj. 过度工业化的
●sheer adj. 纯粹的，不掺杂的
●worldwide adv. 在全世界
●overwhelm v. 制服，使不知所措
●pollute v. 污染
●pesticide n. 杀虫剂
●fertilizer n. 肥料
●salmonella n. 沙门氏菌
●listeia n. 利斯特杆菌
●vegetarian n. 吃素的人
●organically-grown adj. 有机培植的（不施化肥和其他化学品培植）
●insidious adj. 暗中为害的
●urban adj. 城市的
●burglar n. 窃贼
●burgle v. 入室偷窃
●scream v. 尖叫
●profound adj. 极度的
●irritation n. 烦躁
●incessantly adv. 连续不断地
●whine v. 发呜呜声
●helicopter n. 直升飞机
●maximum adj. 最大的
●technology n. 技术
●contribution n. 贡献
●mobile adj. 可移动的
●snore v. 打鼾
●offender n. 冒犯者
●staggering adj. 令人惊愕的
●trumpet v. 吹号
●partner n. 伙伴
◆pollution n. 污染
More and morewater is been pollution.
Pollution is themajor problem we are faced with.
pollute
polluted
pollution
polluter 污染源
Eg: Gases fromcars are one of the polluters of air pollution.
contaminate
taint
defile
pollute
poison
◆overpopulated adj. 人口多的
overpeopled
sparsely-populatedcommunity
sparsely-peopled
population
Eg: What’s thepopulation in your country?
Our country has apopulation of one billion.
The city has apopulation of two million.
populationexplosion
populous adj.
crowd 公交车拥挤crewed
Eg: The narrowstreet is populous with people.
The most populousprovince in China is Shichun.
province 省
The most populouscountry in the world is China.
◆over-industrialized adj. 过度工业化的
◆sheer adj. 纯粹的，不掺杂的
有四个基本语意
1．pure unmixed
2. steep shere cliff
3. complete
Eg: What are youtalking about sheer nonsense?
4. transparent
sheer silkstockings
◆worldwide adv. 在全世界
◆overwhelm v. 制服，使不知所措
Eg: He was
overwhelmed by grief. 他伤心至极
Grief seized him.
Your kindness
quite overwhelms me.您的这份好心使我感动得难以言表。（被你制服了）
If our countrywere overwhelm by pollution, it would be terrible.
conquer
overcome
get rid of
insumountable
vanquish
◆pollute v. 污染
◆pesticide n. 杀虫剂
◆fertilizer n. 肥料
◆salmonella n. 沙门氏菌
◆listeia n. 利斯特杆菌
◆vegetarian n. 吃素的人
◆organically-grown adj. 有机培植的（不施化肥和其他化学品培植）
◆insidious adj. 暗中为害的
◆urban adj. 城市的
◆burglar n. 窃贼
◆burgle v. 入室偷窃
◆scream v. 尖叫
scream at
◆profound adj. 极度的
intence
extreme
complete
Eg: Yesterday hehad a profound sleep.
He is afflictedwith profound anxieties.
knowledgable
He is a profoundscholar.
◆irritation n. 烦躁
irritate v. 使烦躁
irriteted
irriteting
◆incessantly adv. 连续不断地
perpetual
permanent
eternal
continuance
continual
continually
constant
endless
incessant adj.
Eg: It has beenraining incessantly for three hours.
There is a week ofincessant rains.
ceaseless
none stop
unbroken
uninterrupted
Eg: Last night Ihad an uninterrupted party.
He gave us a talkuninterruped.
◆whine v. 发呜呜声
◆helicopter n. 直升飞机
◆maximum adj. 最大的
◆technology n. 技术
◆contribution n. 贡献
◆mobile adj. 可移动的
◆snore v. 打鼾
◆offender n. 冒犯者
◆staggering adj. 令人惊愕的
surprise
amaze
astonish
astound
astounding
Eg: The old ladyreported to the police and they felt astounded / found it staggering.
◆trumpet v. 吹号
◆partner n. 伙伴
【Text】
§ Lesson 47 Too high a price? 代价太高
Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What does thewriter describe as an 'amusing old-fashioned source of noise'?
Pollution is theprice we pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. When you come tothink about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it,burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less ofit. We keep trying all four methods, but he sheer volume of rubbish we produceworldwide threatens to overwhelm us.
Rubbish, however,is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce ever-
increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution.Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork andchicken. The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain andvegetables. The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high: Mad CowDisease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and wisteria in dairyproducts. And if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, youhave the choice of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady dietof pesticides every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables,or just having an innocent glass of water!
However, there isan even more insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban areasand invades our daily lives, and that is noise. Burglar alarms going off at anytime of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assistburglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are asource of profound irritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed(surprisingly?) that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highestform of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. The survey revealed alarge number of sources of noise that we really dislike. Lawn mowers whining ona summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors,vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks thundering throughquiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carriedround in public places and played at maximum volume. New technology has alsomade its own contribution to noise. A lot of people object to mobile phones,especially when they are used in public places like restaurants or on publictransport. Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interruptthe pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution surveyrevealed a rather spurring and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise.It turned out to be snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. It wasrevealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure rises to astaggering 60% of men in their sixties. Against these figures, it was foundthat only 5% of women snore regularly, while the rest are constantly woken orkept awake by their trumpeting partners. Whatever the source of noise, onething is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory.
参考译文
污染就是我们为这个人口过密，过度工业化的星球所付出的代价。当我们开始考虑垃圾问题时，我们只有4种对付垃圾的方法：倾倒、焚烧、把垃圾变成再生材料或试图少产生一些垃圾。我们一直在试这4种方式，但是，我们在世界范围内仅产生的垃圾的量就有把我们覆盖的危险。
然而，垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。日益增长的对廉价食物的需求导致了另一种形式的污染。工业化的农作方式生产出廉价的肉类制品——牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉。使用杀虫剂和化肥生产出廉价的谷物和蔬菜。为了廉价食物我们付出代价已经太高了：牛肉中的疯牛病，鸡肉和鸡蛋中的沙门氏菌，奶制品中的利斯特杆菌。如果你想放弃肉类而变成一位素食者，那么你可以两者择一：或是选用价格昂贵、有机培植的蔬菜，或是当你认为在享用新鲜色拉和新鲜蔬菜或饮用一杯无害的水的时候，实际上每次都不断吃进杀虫剂。
但是，还有一种更加隐蔽有害的污染，它专门影响城镇地区，侵袭我们的日常生活，那就是噪音。防盗警报器在白天和黑夜的任何时候都会响起来，它的作用只是骚扰过路行人，而实际上却帮助窃贼入室行窃。在街上，汽车的防盗警报不断对我们吼叫，这是人们极度烦燥的一个原因，最近一个有关噪音的作用的调查（令人吃惊地）指出，夜间连续不断的狗叫声，在一个从1级至7级刻度表上应列为最严重的噪间污染。这个调查揭示了我们所不喜欢的大量的噪间的来源：夏天呜呜作响的割草机，公寓楼里深夜聚会的喧哗声，大声吵闹的邻居，各式各样的车辆，特别是穿越寂静的村庄的集装箱卡车，从头顶飞过的飞机和直升机，被带到公共场所、音量开到最大的大功率收音机。新技术也为噪音作了它的贡献。许多人都反对移动式电话，特别是在如饭店，公共交通车等公共场所使用移动电话。用移动电话大声交谈干扰我们的思路，破坏我们和朋友在一起轻声聊天所得到的乐趣。这个有关噪音的污染调查还揭示了一种出人意外而同时可能会引人意外而同时可能会引人发笑的老式噪音源。它竟然是鼾声。人类是这方面的罪魁祸首。调查指出，20%的35岁左右的男人打鼾；而到60岁这个年龄段，这个数字上升到令人惊愕的60%。与这些数字相比，只有5%的女性经常打鼾；而其余则经常被与她们同睡、像吹号似地打着呼噜的男人吵醒或弄得睡不着。不管噪声来自何方，有一点是肯定的：看来寂静已变成一种珍贵的回忆。
【课文讲解】
背诵：Pollution is the price we pay for anoverpopulated, over industrialized planet.
I was blamed forbeing late.
Losing health isthe price he paid for his hard work./ (working hard/ over working )
come to ==get to
并列平行结构
There are somegood ways to study English well.
listen, speak,read and write.
There are fourgood ways to study English: listening, speaking, reading and writering.
reuse it recyde it
背熟：We keep trying all four methods, but hesheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us.
volume == amount
threaten to do
Eg: The comingearthquake threatens the village.
Dark clouds
threaten a heavy storm. 乌去预示着有一场风暴。
The sun promises agood day.
It is possible...
背熟：The need to produce ever-increasingquantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution.
leads to
背熟：The price we pay for cheap food may bealready too high
The price we payis too high.
abandon 强调被迫放弃
organically-grown
vegetable: 绿色蔬菜
every time:whenever
innocent (of) adj.清白的，无辜的，无知的
Paragraph 3 (l.15)
noise
Paragraph 3 (l.15)
insidious 暗中为害的，阴险的
Burglar alarmsgoing off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by andactually ( to ) assist burglars to burgle.
背熟：Car alarms constantly scream at us in thestreet and are a source of profound irritation.
Eg: Her husband
earns a lot of money every mounth and he is a source of income. 他的丈夫每月能赚很多钱，这是他的一棵摇钱树。
背熟：The survey revealed a large number ofsources of noise that we really dislike.
名词结构 （平行结构）
lawn mower 割草机
container trucks: 集装箱卡车
sources of noise
背熟：New technology has also made its owncontribution to noise.
make contribution
to 作出...... 的贡献
contribute to 引起，导致，是......的起因
Eg: Air pollutioncontributes to disease.
object to take object to
背熟：Loud conversations on mobile phones invadeour thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat.
Eg: The air
pollution survey revealed... 空气污染调查显示......
turn out: prove
offend:惹怒 offender罪魁祸首
were found:客观描述
It is said...
It is revealed...
背熟：20% of mem in their mid-thirties
in their earlythirties
背熟：Against these figures, it was found that...
Comparing thesefigures, we found that...
背熟：are woken 被惊醒 / keepawake不能入睡
比较：
Whatever thesource of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a goldenmemory.
However you decide
to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination
fresh and uncrumpled.【Vocabulary 】P218
Explain themeanings of the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage:dump(l.3); sheer volume (l.5); rubbish (l.5); leads to (l.8); dairy (l.11);abandon (l.11)organically-grown (l.12)
dump: dropcompletely
sheer volume: pureamount
rubbish: garbage
lead to: resultin, cause; bring about
dairy: a placewhere milk is kept and milk product are made
abandon: give up
organically-grown:using farming or gardening methods without artificial chemicals or fertilizer
【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension
1 ---- the sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide_____.
a. is heaped uplike a great mountain
b. is spread overthe world like a blanket
c. is alreadybeyond our control
d. is like a tidethat will rise and drown us
2 The root cause of pollution in agriculture is_____ .
a. the intensiveuse of pesticides and fertilizers
b. the twinpressures to produce more food and at lower cost
c. the confloctbetween good hygiene and cheap meat production
d. the unrealisticprice of organically-grown vegetables
背熟： Theroot cause of pollution in agriculture is the twin pressures to produce more food and at lower cost.
3 For most people, the most distressing form ofnoise pollution is _____ .
a. dogs barkingall night b. people using mobilephones
c. heavy trucks inquiet villages d. noisy neighbours havingparties
4 Snoring causes a severe noise problem for_____ .
a. young males inparticular b. a majority ofmiddle-aged men
c. women of allages d. young women especially
背熟：Snoring causes a severe noise problem forwomen of all ages.
Structure
5 ---- there are only four ways _____ rubbish.(ll.2-3)
a. of dealingwith b. which to deal with c. can be dealt with d. to be dealing with
6 We keep trying _____ methods.(l.5)
a. these all four b. of these all four c. all of these four d. all these of four
7 Burglar alarms _____ at any time of the dayor night serve only to annoy.(ll.16-17)
a. that gooff b. that are going off c. go off d. which going off
people travelingaround the world quite often
8 A recent survey revealed that _____dogsbarking incessantly in the night that we dislike most.(ll.18-19)
a. it is b. is c. there be d. there are
vocabulary 词汇
9 ★★★New technology has also _____ in noise pollution. (l.23)
a. done itsbit b. done a share c. played a role d. given its all
make contributio
to 导致，造成了
play an importantrole / part in sth.
Eg: Reading playsan important role in our English study.
do its bit: 尽本份做应该做的
do a share: 做好份内工作
10 A lot of people _____ to mobile phones,especially in public places. (l.24)
a. except b. offend c. take exception d. takeoffence
take exceptionagainst
offernd 冒犯，触怒，使不舒服
take offence atsb. / sth.
11 背熟：Thenoise pollution survey _____ a rather surprising source of noise. (ll.26-27)
a. brought tolight b. gave birth to c. came to be d. took the lid off
bring sth. tolight
come to light
12 _____ these figures, it was found that only5% of women snore. (l.29)
a. Comparing with b. By comparison with c. In comparing d. In comparing with
by comparison
by comparison withsth.
【Key to Multiple choice questions】
1. C 2. B 3.A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B
§Lesson 48 The silent village 沉默的村庄
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
●inaccessible adj. 难接近的,达不到的
●hospitable adj. 不好客的
●hostile adj. 不友好的,有敌意的
●vicinity n. 周围,近邻
●architectural adj. 建筑的
●fresco n. 壁画
●abruptly adv. 突然地,意外地
●tramp v. 徒步行进
●moor v. （用绳、链、锚）系（船）
●ferry v. （用渡船）运
●straggle v. 蔓延，散乱分布
●sardine n. 沙丁鱼，沙丁鱼罐头
●dilapidated adj. 陈旧破烂的，倒塌的
●rag n. 破烂衣服
●motionless adj. 不动的
●procession adj. 不动的
●shawl n. 披巾，围巾
●peer v. 凝视，盯着
●quicken v. 加快
◆inaccessible adj. 难接近的,达不到的
access n. 通路，通道
entrance 入口
accessible adj.:easy to get to / easy to understand
Eg: The book isaccessible to learners / beginners.
The facts are
accessible to all of us. 易于得到的/ 易于理解的
Eg: Heavy snowmade the village inaccessible to traffic.
approach: v. 接近
approachable
unapproachable 无可匹敌的；难以接近的
Eg: He has gotunapproachable beauty.
access:
opportunity 机会
Eg: Only highofficiales have access to him.
Only teachereshave access to the head master.
◆hospitable adj.好客的
amiable 亲切的
cordial 热诚的，热心的
faithful 忠诚的
friendly 友好的
neighborly 和睦的
receptive 善于接受的，接纳的
◆hostile adj. 不友好的,有敌意的
unfriendly
be hostile to / beunfriendly to
antagonistic: 对抗性的，敌对的
effensive: 进攻性的
Eg: I took noticeof his evvensive remarks.
aggressive; 挑畔的
◆vicinity n. 周围,近邻
in the vicinity /
in the nerborhood 比后一个正式 （书面用词）
I often visit thefair in the vicinity.
vicinity: about
in the vicinity of
He is in
thevicinity of fifty. 他大约50岁吧。
the inhabitant ofthe vicinity
◆architectural adj. 建筑的
◆fresco n. 壁画
◆abruptly adv. 突然地,意外地
◆tramp v. 徒步行进
◆moor v. （用绳、链、锚）系（船）
◆ferry v. （用渡船）运
◆straggle v. 蔓延，散乱分布
◆dilapidated adj. 陈旧破烂的，倒塌的
dilapidate vt. 使倒塌，便破损
dilapidation n.
batter v. 撞坏，撞击
battered adj.
Eg: It is easy torecognize the battered car.
broken-down
run down 渐渐变糟，恶化; run-down: 渐渐被恶化的
Eg: The doctor hadnot to do with his run-down renew.
◆sardine n. 沙丁鱼，沙丁鱼罐头
◆rag n. 破烂衣服
◆motionless adj. 不动的
◆procession adj. 不动的
◆shawl n. 披巾，围巾
◆peer v. 凝视，盯着
◆quicken v. 加快
【Text】
§ Lesson 48 The silent village 沉默的村庄
Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why was thevillage silent?
In thismuch-travelled world, there are still thousands of places which areinaccessible to tourists. We always assume that villagers in remote places arefriendly and hospitable. But people who are cut off not only from foreigntourists, but even from their own countrymen can be hostile to travellers.Visits to really remote villages are seldom enjoyable -- as my wife and Idiscovered during a tour through the Balkans.
We had spentseveral days in a small town and visited a number of old churches in thevicinity. These attracted many visitors, for they were not only of greatarchitectural interest, but contained a large number of beautifully preservedfrescoes as well. On the day before our departure, several bus loads oftourists descended on the town. This was more than we could bear, so we decidedto spend our last day exploring the countryside. Taking a path which led out ofthe town, we crossed a few fields until we came to a dense wood. We expectedthe path to end abruptly, but we found that it traced its way through thetrees. We tramped through the wood for over two hours until we arrived at adeep stream. We could see that the path continued on the other side, but we hadno idea how we could get across the stream. Suddenly my wife spotted a boatmoored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep. We gently woke himup and asked him to ferry us to the other side. Though he was reluctant to doso at first, we eventually persuaded him to take us.
The path led to atiny village perched on the steep sides of a mountain. The place consisted of astraggling unmade road which was lined on either side by small houses. Evenunder a clear blue sky, the village looked forbidding, as all the houses werebuilt of grey mud bricks. The village seemed deserted, the only sign of lifebeing an ugly-looking black goat on a short length of rope tied to a tree in afield nearby. Sitting down on a dilapidated wooden fence near the field, weopened a couple of tins of sardines and had a picnic lunch. All at once, Inoticed that my wife seemed to be filled with alarm. Looking up I saw that wewere surrounded by children in rags who were looking at us silently as we ate.We offered them food and spoke to them kindly, but they remained motionless. Iconcluded that they were simply shy of strangers. When we later walked down themain street of the villager, we were followed by a silent procession ofchildren. The village which had seemed deserted, immediately came to life.Faces appeared at windows. Men in shirt sleeves stood outside their houses andglared at us. Old women in black shawls peered at us from doorways. The mostfrightening thing of all was that not a sound could be heard. There was nodoubt that we were unwelcome visitors. We needed no further warning. Turningback down the main street, we quickened our pace and made our way rapidlytowards the stream where we hoped the boatman was waiting.
参考译文
在这个旅游频繁的世界上，仍有成千上万个游人足迹未至的地方。人们总是以为偏僻的地方的村民们热情好客。但是，那些不但与外国旅游者隔绝，而且与本国同胞隔绝的人们有可能对游客抱有敌意。到真正偏僻的村庄去旅游并不是一件愉快的事情。我与妻子在一次周游巴尔干半岛时对此深有体会。
我们在一座小镇上逗留了几天，参观了附近的许多古老的教堂。这些教堂吸引大量游客，不仅是因为建筑风格奇特，而且还有大量保存完好的壁画。我们离开小镇的前一天，镇上来了几辆满载游客的公共汽车。人多得使我们难以忍受，于是我们决定利用最后一天去乡间一游。我们走上了一条出镇的小路，穿过几块农田，来到一片茂密的树林。我们原以为小路会到此突然终止。没想到它到树林中继续向前延伸。我们在树林中跋涉了两个多小时，到了一条深溪边。我们可以看到小路在深溪对岸继续向前伸展，但却不知如何越过这道深溪。突然，妻子发现岸边泊着一条小船，船上有一船夫在呼呼大睡。我们轻轻地把他唤醒，请他把我们摆渡过溪。一开始，他很不愿意，但经劝说，终于同意了。
顺着小路，我们来到一个座落在陡峭山坡上的小村庄。这儿有一条未经修筑的弯弯曲曲的道路，路两边排列着一些矮小的农舍。农舍全用灰色的土坯建成，因此，即使在晴朗的蓝天底下，村庄看上去也会令人感到难以亲近。村里似乎无人居住，唯一的生命迹象是附近田里一只面目可憎的黑山羊，用一截短绳拴在一棵树上。我们在田边一堵东倒西歪的篱笆墙上坐下来，打开几听沙丁鱼罐头，吃了一顿野外午餐。突然，我注意到妻子十分惊恐。我抬头一看，发现我们被一群衣衫褴褛的小孩团团围住了，他们在默不作声地看着我们吃饭。我们给他们东西吃，客客气气地同他们交谈，但他们却一动也不动。我认为这不过是他们在陌生人面前表现出的害羞。后来，我们在村里的主要街道上行走的时候，一队默不作声的孩子跟在我们后头。刚才还似乎空荡荡的村庄一下子活跃了起来，窗口露出了一张张面孔，只穿着衬衣的男人们站在屋子外面凶狠地盯着我们，披黑纱巾的老妇人站在门口偷偷地瞅着我们。最令人害怕的是到处没有一点声音。毫无疑问，我们的来访是不受欢迎的。我们不需要进一步的警告了。便掉转身子，沿着那条主要街道加快步伐，快速地朝深溪边走去，希望船夫还在那儿等着我们。
【课文讲解】
只讲关键句型部分
be accessible /inaccessible to sb. 是......难以达到的
not only from /
but from 强调介词
cut off from:
separate from / isolate from 与......隔绝
背熟：Visits to really remote villages are seldomenjoyable
Eg: He is cut offfrom all his friends after he went abroad.
Such people whoare hostile to travellers are ones who are cut off from the society.
第一自然段很重要，请背熟。
of great interest
beautifully-preserved
背熟：On the day before our departure, severalbus loads of tourists descended on the town.
背熟：serveral bus loads of tourists
背熟：Taking a path which led out of the town, wecrossed a few fields until we came to a dense wood.
背熟：The village seemed deserted, the only signof life being an ugly-looking black goat on a short length of rope tied to atree in a field nearby.
背熟：The village which had seemed deserted,immediately came to life.
背熟：The most frightening thing of all was thatnot a sound could be heard.
there is no doubt
that / without any doubts 毫无疑问
trace its way
make one’s way outof
fight one’s way 杀出一条路来
feel one’s way 摸出一条路
wind one’s way 碗延一条路
背熟：but we had no idea how we could get acrossthe stream.
a boat moored tothe bank
a boatman fastasleep
fast asleep 熟睡
背熟：The path led to a tiny village perched onthe steep sides of a mountain.
背熟：The place consisted of a straggling unmaderoad which was lined on either side by small houses.
on either side ==on both sides
all at once ==almost immediately
背熟：I concluded that they were simply shy ofstrangers.
现在分词做状语
定语从句
过去分词做定语
§Lesson 49 The ideal servant 理想的仆人
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
●rambling adj. 杂乱无章的
●sentimentally adv. 感情上，多情地
●lavishly adv. 慷慨地，大方地
●immaculate adj. 清洁的，无污点的
●parquet n. 镶木地板
●gleam v. 发亮，闪光
●preside v. 指挥
●invisible adj. 看不见的，无形的
●scrub v. 擦拭，刷洗
●enlightened adj. 开明的
●fickleness n. 变化无常
●unrelenting adj. 不屈不挠的，不松懈的
●disillusion v. 使幻想破灭
●industriousness n. 勤奋
●qualification n. 资格，能力
●mirth n. 欢笑，高兴
●stack v. 整齐地堆放
●cellar n. 地窖
◆rambling adj. 杂乱无章的
ramble vi.
1. 闲逛，漫步
stroll
go for a walk /have a walk
go for a stroll /have stroll
They rambledthrough the ferast.
2. 漫谈，聊开
Eg: The old ladybegan to ramble about her youth.
3. 植物的蔓延生长
Eg: The wild rosesramble over the fance.
◆sentimentally adv. 感情上，多情地
sentiment n.
sentiments 情操
The sentiments of
pity: 恻陷之心
emotion 感情（总称）
out of sentiments:出于同情
sentimental adj.emotional
◆◆◆lavishly adv. 慷慨地，大方地
lavish adj. 慷慨的，大方的
eg: Are youlavished to your friend.
extravagant 挥霍的，奢侈的
lavish money onsth. /sb.
lavish praises onsb.
grudge 舍不得给
Eg: Do you lavish
praises on your friends? 你总是大肆吹捧你的朋友吗？
lavish care on sb.过度的关心或庞爱
generous 慷慨大方的
liberal: 开明的
prodigal: 浪费的，挥霍无度的
wasteful
反义词：thrifty, economical, frugal, not wasteful
◆immaculate adj. 清洁的，无污点的
spotless
◆parquet n. 镶木地板
◆gleam v. 发亮，闪光
◆preside v. 指挥
vi. preside at
Eg: Who willpreside at the party?
Yesterday my
friend visited me so I preside at tea. 招待
◆invisible adj. 看不见的，无形的
visible
◆scrub v. 擦拭，刷洗
参见L15
polish: 润色
◆enlightened adj. 开明的
◆fickleness n. 变化无常
◆unrelenting adj. 不屈不挠的，不松懈的
strong-minded
continuous
◆disillusion v. 使幻想破灭
◆industriousness n. 勤奋
◆qualification n. 资格，能力
◆mirth n. 欢笑，高兴(书面化，文学中或诗歌中)
happiness, joy,merriment, fun, amusement, entertainment, delight, rapture
◆stack v. 整齐地堆放
◆cellar n. 地窖
【Text】
Lesson 49 The
ideal servant 理想的仆人
Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What was Bessie’slittle weakness?
It is a good thingmy aunt Harriet died years ago. If she were alive today she would not be ableto air her views on her favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants.Aunt Harriet lived in that leisurely age when servants were employed to dohousework. She had a huge, rambling country house called 'The Gables'. She wassentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was far too big forher needs, she persisted in living there long after her husband's death. Beforeshe grew old, Aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly. I often visited TheGables when I was boy. No matter how many guests were present, the great housewas always immaculate. The parquet floors shone like mirrors; highly polishedsilver was displayed in gleaming glass cabinets; even my uncle's hugecollection of books was kept miraculously free from dust. Aunt Harriet presidedover an invisible army of servants that continuously scrubbed, cleaned, andpolished. She always referred to them as 'the shifting population', for theycame and went with such frequency that I never even got a chance to learn theirnames. Though my aunt pursued what was, in those days, an enlightened policy,in that she never allowed her domestic staff to work more than eight hours a day,she was extremely difficult to please. While she always criticized thefickleness of human nature, she carried on an unrelenting search for the idealservant to the end of her days, even after she had been sadly disillusioned byBessie.
Bessie worked forAunt Harriet for three years. During that time she so gained my aunt'sconfidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff. Aunt Harriet couldnot find words to praise Bessie's indus-
triousness and efficiency. In addition to all her other qualifications, Bessiewas an expert cook. She acted the role of the perfect servant for three yearsbefore Aunt Harriet discovered her 'little weakness'. After being absent fromthe Gables for a week, my aunt unexpectedly returned one afternoon with a partyof guests and instructed Bessie to prepare dinner. No only was the meal wellbelow the usual standard, but Bessie seemed unable to walk steadily. She bumpedinto the furniture and kept mumbling about the guests. When she came in withthe last course -- a huge pudding -- she tripped on the carpet and the puddingwent flying through the air, narrowly missed my aunt, and crashed on the diningtable with considerable force. Though this caused great mirth among the guests,Aunt Harriet was horrified. She reluctantly came to the conclusion that Bessiewas drunk. The guests had, of course, realized this from the moment Bessieopened the door for them and, long before the final catastrophe, had had adifficult time trying to conceal their amusement. The poor girl was dismissedinstantly. After her departure, Aunt Harriet discovered that there were pilesof empty wine bottles of all shapes and sizes neatly stacked in what had oncebeen Bessie's wardrobe. They had mysteriously found their way there from thewine cellar!
参考译文
我的姑妈哈丽特好多年前就去世了，这倒是件好事。如果她活到今天，她将不能就她热衷的话题“佣人”发表意见了。哈丽特生活在一个悠闲的年代，家务事都由雇来的佣人代劳。她在乡下有一幢巨大杂乱的房子，叫作“山墙庄园”。她对这幢房子在感情上难舍难分。房子实在太大了，但在丈夫去世多年后，她仍然执意长年住在那儿。哈丽特姑妈年轻时，喜欢大摆宴席，招待宾客。我小时候常去“山墙庄园”作客。不管去多少宾客，大房子里总是收拾得干干净净。镶木地板洁如明镜，擦得发亮的银器陈列在明亮的玻璃柜里，连姑夫的大量藏书也保存得很好，奇迹般地一尘不染。哈丽特姑妈统率着一支看不见的佣人大军，他们不停地擦拭、清扫、刷洗。她称这些佣人叫“流动人口”，因为他们来匆匆，所以我甚至都没有机会知道他们的姓名。姑妈待佣人在当时算是开明的，从来不让佣人每天工作超过8小时，但他们很难使她称心如意。她一方面总是批评人的本性朝三暮四，另一方面她又持之以恒地寻找一个理想的佣人。即使在贝西大大地伤她的心之后，她还在找，一直到她死去。
贝西在哈丽特家干了3年。在此期间，她赢得了姑母的赏识，甚至当上了大管家。哈丽特不知该用什么言辞来赞扬贝西的勤奋与高效。贝西除了有各种本领以外，还是一个烹饪大师。她担任“理想仆人”角色3年之后，哈丽特终于发现她有“小小的弱点”。一次，姑妈有一个星期没在“山墙庄园”住。一天下午，她出其不意地回来了，带来一大批客人，吩咐贝西准备晚饭。结果，不仅饭菜远不如平时做得好，而且贝西走起路来似乎东倒西歪。她撞到了家具上，嘴里还不断咕咕哝哝议论客人。当她端着最后一道菜——一大盘布丁——走进屋来时，在地毯上绊了一跤。布丁飞到半空，从姑母身边擦过，然后狠狠地砸在餐桌上。这件事引起了客人们的欢笑，但哈丽特却着实吓了一跳。她不得不认定贝西是喝醉了。客人们自然从贝西为他们开门那一刻起就看出来了，在好长一段时间里，即最后这个乱子发生前，他们努力克制才没笑出声来。贝西当即被解雇了。贝西走后，哈丽特姑妈发现在贝西以前用过的衣柜里整整齐齐地放着一堆堆形状各导、大小不一的酒瓶子。这些酒瓶神不知鬼不觉地从酒窖来到了这里。
【课文讲解】
背熟：If she were alive today she would not beable to air her views on her favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants.
air one’s views on
sth. / sb. 对......发表意见
背熟：lived in that leisurely age when
背熟：She was sentimentally attached to thishouse, for even though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted inliving there long after her husband's death.
attach to
背熟：she persisted in living there long afterher husband's death.
persist in doingsth.
long after
short after
long before
short before
even my uncle'shuge collection of books was kept miraculously free from dust.
背熟：She always referred to them as 'the shiftingpopulation', for they came and went with such frequency that I never even got achance to learn their names.
refer to / regardsb. as
背熟：she was extremely difficult to please.
背熟：While she always criticized the ficklenessof human nature, she carried on an unrelenting search for the ideal servant tothe end of her days, even after she had been sadly disillusioned by Bessie.
carry on
During that time
put sb. in charge
of 安排某人负责
in addition to
act the role: playthe role
be absent from: beaway from
not only 位于句首，引导完整的语句，部分倒装
below, above常用的修饰词是well
bump into: knockoneself into / onto
背熟：reluctantly came to the conclusion that...
come to theconclusion
draw a conclusion
arrive atconclusion
reach conclusion
jump to conclusion
have a difficulttime doing sth. : have trouble / difficulty in doing sth
背熟：They had mysteriously found their way therefrom the wine cellar!
