1. The cycle begins with a boom period, when many businesses enjoy great success.
1）boom n. 繁荣；暴涨
economy boom 经济腾飞
baby boom 婴儿潮
2）a boom in something 在某方面的剧增
e.g. a boom in car sales 汽车销售额的剧增
2. The economy is in deep recession.
1) recession n. 经济衰退，不景气
in recession 处在衰退之中
2）recession 还有退后、撤退的意思
e.g. the gradual recession of the floodwater 洪水的渐渐消退
3. The government is forecasting an economic recovery. 政府预测经济会复苏。
1）recovery n. 恢复，复苏
e.g. the economy recovers. 经济复苏了。
2）recovery n. 经济复苏
4. I was part of a big layoff at my company.
layoff n. 解雇；裁员
layoff season 裁员季
e.g. Layoff season is around the corner.
5. She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed. 她被亲眼目睹的暴虐场面惊呆了。
1）witness v.见证；目睹（尤其是某种犯罪或事故）
e.g. Did anyone witness the murder?
2）witness n.见证人，证人
e.g. They were married a year after they first met, with two friends acting as witnesses.
e.g. 中国的经济见证了20年来的浮浮沉沉。
The Chinese economy has witnessed ups and downs during the past 20 years.
e.g. 他亲眼见证了宝宝的诞生。
He witnessed the birth of his baby.
6. Recently, the world has witnessed several large-scale layoffs in big companies.
large-scale adj. 大规模的；大范围的
small-scale 小规模的；小范围的
7. Every country's economy will have ups and downs over time.
ups and downs n. 沉浮；盛衰
over time 随着时间
8. People around the world were in a panic.
panic n. 恐慌，惊慌
be in a panic 陷入恐慌；害怕
e.g. There is no need to rush into a relationship or be in a panic to find a life partner.
rush into 匆忙地做某事
be in a panic to do sth. 慌慌张张地去做某事
e.g. 即使是最出色的演讲者在演讲之前有时候也会惊恐不安。
Even the greatest speaker will sometimes be in a panic before making a speech.
e.g. 我急着要完成这个项目
I'm in a panic to get this project finished.
get sth. finished 完成某事
9. Husband and wife were similarly successful in their chosen careers.
similarly adv. 同样地，相似地。可以作为过渡词，表示前后所表达意思的相似性。
e.g. Jack loved music and he played the guitar well. Similarly, his sister Lucy played the piano since she was a kid.
10. Many trapped people still hope to survive the disaster. 许多被困的人仍然希望从灾难中生还。
trapped adj. 被困的
survive v. 存活；幸免于难
1）当survive 作为不及物动词：
e.g. The baby was born with a heart problem and only survived for a few hours.
2）当survive 作为及物动词，survive A, 即顶住了A， 在A中存活下来，A可以是疾病、抽象名词（苦难、贫穷等）。
e.g. 学生们努力学习，争取挺过期末考试。
Students try hard to survive the final exams.
3）还有一个喜闻乐见的用法是：
- How are you?
- I am surviving. (勉强还活着吧，还过得去吧。）不用再说 Just so-so 啦！
e.g. Students try hard to survive the final exams.
e.g. How can an individual survive in a recession, when millions of people are losing their jobs?
10. Generally speaking, the cycle begins with a boom period， when the economy flourishes and many businesses enjoy great success.
generally speaking 一般来说；通常来讲（一般在介绍一个普适性的观点之前可以提到）
e.g. Generally speaking, radio and television reporters avoid using time references in their leads unless the event happened that day. 一般而言，广播电视记者避免在导语中指出时间，除非事情发生于当天。
lead n. 导语
the news lead 新闻导语
using time references in the leads 在导语中指出时间
e.g. 通常来说女孩子都喜欢洋娃娃，而男孩则被刀剑和火车所吸引。
Generally speaking, girls like to play with dolls while boys prefer swords and trains.
e.g. 总的来说，还不赖。
Generally speaking, not bad.
