事件传递在android当中是很重要的一部分,所以也看了很多别人的讲解,今天就把我自己的理解写一下
事件传递涉及到的东西有
1.两个类 View ViewGroup
2.三个方法 dispatchTouchEvent(),onInterceptTouchEvent(),onTouchEvent()
3.三种返回值 true,false,super()
其中View没有onInterceptTouchEvent()方法
首先看一个经常遇到的布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:background="@color/colorPrimaryDark"
tools:context="com.zhoufazhan.ViewActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/linear"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@color/colorAccent"
>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button1" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
LinearLayout嵌套了一个LinearLayout最里面放一个Button。此时点击Button按钮,默认情况下会调用前面所提到的3个方法,那么是怎么调用的,调用的顺序是什么,请看下图(图是自己画的,不一定好看,但一定能说明问题哦)
第一眼看上去是不是有点眼花缭乱的,不急,我来给你理清楚。
首先重上往下看有三层结构: Activity,ViewGroup,View
ViewGroup对应上面的一个LinearLayout(便于讲解我这里只画了一个ViewGroup)
View对应Button,Activity为系统的布局,这里不做过多的说明
ViewGroup包含三个方法,Activity,View包含两个方法。
我们假设从点击开始什么都不做(也就是所有的返回值都是super),从流程图可以看出依次调用,Activity,ViewGroup,View的dispatchTouchEvent()方法,然后在返回依次调用View,ViewGroup,Activity的onTouchEvent()方法,这就是人们经常说的U型图。
下面再来详细的说一下各个方法有什么作用。
这里我们只讨论ViewGroup和View,也是我们经常用的,以及Action_down事件
dispatchTouchEvent()字面就能理解用处是事件的分发,所有View的点击或是滑动首先调用这个方法,具体是怎么分发的由它的返回值确定
当返回true时,事件到此结束,它自己消费掉了,那么button按钮将不会有任何反应
当返回false时,意思就是说告诉以后的事件,到我这里不在分发了,直接返回到上一级,调用上级的
onTouchEvent,自己不消费也不分发给下面的(站着茅坑..........),所以点击button不会有任何反应
那么我点击button为什么会有反应呢,因为ViewGroup默认会调用super()方法,注意当ViewGroup调用super后还会调用自己的onInterceptTouchEvent(),询问一下自己是否需要拦截事件,当然默认是不会拦截的也就是返回super或是false,要是你就不想把事件传递给button就返回true,告诉ViewGroup拦截事件,然后就会调用自己的onTouchEvent
假设没有拦截,就会来到我们期待已久的View(Button),button都等急死了,经过了这么多拦截终于到自己了。
这时View也会和ViewGroup一样只是没有了拦截(onInterceptTouchEvent,因为自己就是最后一层了,谈不上拦截谁,只有被别人拦截的份,可怜啊)
到此dispatchTouchEvent方法传递到底了,该轮到onTouchEvent从底部向上传递(如果顺利的话)
图中我们可以清晰的看到onTouchEvent返回true的时候事件就被消费了。
那么问题来了当我们给Button设置点击事件的时候View是怎么处理的,来看看源码一探究竟。
首先调用的是Button的dispatchTouchEvent,Button的父类TextView木有这个方法,在向上找找看,终于在View里面找到了,代码如下,不是很长
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
// If the event should be handled by accessibility focus first.
if (event.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()) {
// We don't have focus or no virtual descendant has it, do not handle the event.
if (!isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
return false;
}
// We have focus and got the event, then use normal event dispatch.
event.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
boolean result = false;
if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(event, 0);
}
final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Defensive cleanup for new gesture
stopNestedScroll();
}
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
result = true;
}
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
&& (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
&& li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
result = true;
}
if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
result = true;
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if (!result && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(event, 0);
}
// Clean up after nested scrolls if this is the end of a gesture;
// also cancel it if we tried an ACTION_DOWN but we didn't want the rest
// of the gesture.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ||
actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL ||
(actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && !result)) {
stopNestedScroll();
}
return result;
}
里面定义了一个变量result,我们只关心有返回值的代码,这里我用虚线框起来了,请注意虚线里面的第一个if判断里面的mOnTouchListener,这里就是我们给Button设置的
button.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
return false;
}
});
在第二个if判断里面会调用自己的onTouchEvent,(跟我们之前分析的一样),到这里你就知道了onTouch和onTouchEvent谁先调用了吧,如果onTouch返回true将不会再调用onTouchEvent,如果我们没有设置button.setOnTouchListener而是只设置了button.setOnClickListener,将会调用onTouchEvent,再来看看里面做了什么
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final float x = event.getX();
final float y = event.getY();
final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
final int action = event.getAction();
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
// A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
// events, it just doesn't respond to them.
return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
|| (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
|| (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE);
}
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) ||
(viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) {
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
if (prepressed) {
// The button is being released before we actually
// showed it as pressed. Make it show the pressed
// state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
// the user sees it.
setPressed(true, x, y);
}
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
// This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
removeLongPressCallback();
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();
}
}
}
if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
}
if (prepressed) {
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
} else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();
}
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
setPressed(true, x, y);
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
setPressed(false);
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
// Outside button
removeTapCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
removeLongPressCallback();
setPressed(false);
}
}
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
代码有点多,我们只看看虚线下面两行,里面有PerformClick,点进去看看
public boolean performClick() {
final boolean result;
final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
result = true;
} else {
result = false;
}
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
return result;
}
看到mOnClickListener了吗,这就是我们设置的点击事件,在这里返回true,也就是onTouchEvent返回true,点击事件被消费了,好了就说这么多了。