> 概念
如果你是进来找代码的，那么直接拉到最后!!!
本文概念参考的了Pein_Ju的文章BLE蓝牙开发—Swift版 本文更像是是偏向于在工作中记录和实践性，大佬请随意鄙视😅。我的代码连接放在最后。
现在iOS BLE开发一般调用的是CoreBluetooth系统原生库开发的蓝牙4.0以上的低功耗版本，其他连接方式和版本的暂不讨论。
-
蓝牙术语：
* CBCentralManager //系统蓝牙设备管理对象 * CBPeripheral //外围设备 * CBService //外围设备的服务或者服务中包含的服务 * CBCharacteristic //服务的特性 * CBDescriptor //特性的描述符关系图如下：
关系图- 模式 & 步骤
-
中心模式 Client
- 建立中心角色 CBCentralManager
- 扫描外设 cancelPeripheralConnection
- 发现外设 didDiscoverPeripheral
- 连接外设 connectPeripheral
- 扫描外设中的服务 discoverServices
- 发现并获取外设中的服务 didDiscoverServices
- 扫描外设对应服务的特征 discoverCharacteristics
- 发现并获取外设对应服务的特征 didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService
- 给对应特征写数据 writeValue:forCharacteristic:type:
- 订阅特征的通知 setNotifyValue:forCharacteristic:
- 根据特征读取数据 didUpdateValueForCharacteristic
-
外设模式 Server --->
- 建立外设角色
- 设置本地外设的服务和特征
- 发布外设和特征
- 广播服务
- 响应中心的读写请求
- 发送更新的特征值，订阅中心
-
- 模式 & 步骤
> Tips
- 用上面的方式进行扫描后能获得的设备是正在广播的设备。这就可能和系统的列表不一样，连接的时候需要Android作为Server。
- 需要注意外设，服务，特征之间的uuid，断线重连是用的Peripherals的uuid不要弄混了😂
> 具体连接步骤
方式1 原生连接
1.实现代理及代理方法 CBCentralManagerDelegate,CBPeripheralDelegate
2.在代理方法 centralManagerDidUpdateState 中检测到蓝牙设备的状态是poweredOn 才能开始扫描设备，要不然找不到~
func centralManagerDidUpdateState(_ central: CBCentralManager) {
tempInputView.text = "初始化对象后，来到centralManagerDidUpdateState"
switch central.state {
case .unknown:
print("CBCentralManager state:", "unknown")
break
case .resetting:
print("CBCentralManager state:", "resetting")
break
case .unsupported:
print("CBCentralManager state:", "unsupported")
break
case .unauthorized:
print("CBCentralManager state:", "unauthorized")
break
case .poweredOff:
print("CBCentralManager state:", "poweredOff")
break
case .poweredOn:
print("CBCentralManager state:", "poweredOn")
//MARK: -3.扫描周围外设（支持蓝牙）
// 第一个参数，传外设uuid，传nil，代表扫描所有外设
self.addInputString(str: "开始扫描设备")
central.scanForPeripherals(withServices: nil, options: [CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey: NSNumber.init(value: false)])
}
}
3.发现设备回调的方法是：
func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didDiscover peripheral: CBPeripheral, advertisementData: [String : Any], rssi RSSI: NSNumber) {
print("=============================start")
if (peripheral.name != nil && peripheral.name! != "xxb") { //排除 xxb
print("peripheral.name = \(peripheral.name!)")
print("central = \(central)")
print("peripheral = \(peripheral)")
print("RSSI = \(RSSI)")
print("advertisementData = \(advertisementData)")
deviceList.append(peripheral)
tableView.reloadData()
}
print("=============================end")
}
注意：这里面是每寻找到一个设备就会回调一次这个方法。
4.选中列表中其中一个点击进行连接：
self.addInputString(str: "链接设备")
central.stopScan()
central.cancelPeripheralConnection(p)
central.connect(p, options: nil)
5.连接成功，连接失败的回调，其中连接成功了会记录对应的外设并且开始寻找服务
func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didConnect peripheral: CBPeripheral) {
//设备链接成功
self.addInputString(str: "链接成功=====>\(peripheral.name ?? "~~")")
peripheralSelected = peripheral
peripheralSelected!.delegate = self
peripheralSelected!.discoverServices(nil) // 开始寻找Services。传入nil是寻找所有Services
}
func centralManager(_ central: CBCentralManager, didFailToConnect peripheral: CBPeripheral, error: Error?) {
//设备链接失败
self.addInputString(str: "链接失败=====>\(peripheral.name ?? "~~")")
}
6.寻找到对应的服务特征会回调到peripheral didDiscoverServices 如果这里有和后台商量好的对一个的service可以做判断，当前demo是传入了nil，发现所有service,并且利用前面保存好的外设去调用发现特征，这里传入nil，和前文的意思相同。
//请求周边去寻找他的服务特征
func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didDiscoverServices error: Error?) {
if error != nil {
self.addInputString(str: "didDiscoverServices error ====> \(error.debugDescription) ")
return
}
guard let serArr = peripheral.services else {
self.addInputString(str: "Peripheral services is nil ")
return
}
for ser in serArr {
self.addInputString(str: "服务的UUID \(ser.uuid)")
self.peripheralSelected!.discoverCharacteristics(nil, for: ser)
}
self.addInputString(str: "Peripheral 开始寻找特征 ")
}
7.peripheral外设搜索服务后对应的特征回调信息方法是：peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsFor
//找特征的回调
func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didDiscoverCharacteristicsFor service: CBService, error: Error?) {
if error != nil { self.addInputString(str: "服务的回调error \(error.debugDescription)");return}
guard let serviceCharacters = service.characteristics else {
self.addInputString(str: "service.characteristics 为空")
return
}
for characteristic in serviceCharacters {
self.addInputString(str: "--------------------------characteristic")
self.addInputString(str: "特征UUID \(characteristic.uuid)")
self.addInputString(str: "uuidString \(characteristic.uuid.uuidString)")
peripheralSelected!.setNotifyValue(true, for: characteristic) //接受通知
//判断类型 <=========> 有问题的。
/*
CBCharacteristicPropertyBroadcast = 0x01,
CBCharacteristicPropertyRead = 0x02,
CBCharacteristicPropertyWriteWithoutResponse = 0x04,
CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite = 0x08,
CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify = 0x10,
CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicate = 0x20,
CBCharacteristicPropertyAuthenticatedSignedWrites = 0x40,
CBCharacteristicPropertyExtendedProperties = 0x80,
CBCharacteristicPropertyNotifyEncryptionRequired NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_9, 6_0) = 0x100,
CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicateEncryptionRequired NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_9, 6_0) = 0x200
*/
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic.properties --> \(characteristic.properties)")
switch characteristic.properties {
case CBCharacteristicProperties.write:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> write")
writeValue(characteristic) //写入数据
tempCBCharacteristic = characteristic //给个全局的点，
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.writeWithoutResponse:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> writeWithoutResponse")
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.read:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> read")
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.notify:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> notify")
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.indicate:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> indicate") //获取本身的权限
/*
let f = UInt8(characteristic.properties.rawValue) & UInt8(CBCharacteristicProperties.write.rawValue)
if f == CBCharacteristicProperties.write.rawValue { //判断本身有没有写的权限
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> in indicate test write")
writeValue(characteristic) //写入数据
tempCBCharacteristic = characteristic //给个全局的点，
}
*/
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.authenticatedSignedWrites:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> authenticatedSignedWrites")
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.extendedProperties:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> extendedProperties")
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.notifyEncryptionRequired:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> notifyEncryptionRequired")
continue
case CBCharacteristicProperties.indicateEncryptionRequired:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> indicateEncryptionRequired")
default:
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> default")
let f = UInt8(characteristic.properties.rawValue) & UInt8(CBCharacteristicProperties.write.rawValue)
if f == CBCharacteristicProperties.write.rawValue { //判断本身有没有写的权限 这个可能是综合的 ---> 注意 16进制的转换问题~
self.addInputString(str: "characteristic ===> default --test-- write")
tempCBCharacteristic = characteristic //给个全局的点，
self.addInputString(str: "连接成功，设置全局characteristic设置成功，可以发送数据")
}
}
}
}
ps： 这个里面的代码主要是做了一个判断，因为是demo，我全部都写上了，可以根据实际情况进行筛选，比方说只需要可以读的就显示一个.read就可以了~
注意：这里面的default操作，回调的characteristic.properties可能是一个复合信息，以位运算的形式返回，这里面使用了位操作判断是否支持读写。找到后保存了一个全局的characteristic。 最好将characteristic设置成接收notify，这样后面能接收到发送数据的回调信息。代码：peripheralSelected!.setNotifyValue(true, for: characteristic)
8.有了全局的characteristic 就可以发送信息了。
func writeValue(_ Characteristic: CBCharacteristic) {
let string = inputTextField.text ?? "~测试数据"
let data = string.data(using: .utf8)
self.addInputString(str: "写入测试数据 ==> ")
peripheralSelected!.writeValue(data!, for: Characteristic, type: CBCharacteristicWriteType.withResponse)
}
9.接收Notification 和 服务器回传的数据 :
// 获取外设发来的数据
func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didUpdateValueFor characteristic: CBCharacteristic, error: Error?) {
print("接到服务端发送的数据")
if (characteristic.value != nil) {
print("开始解析数据")
let str = String.init(data: characteristic.value!, encoding: .utf8)
print(str)
receiveMessage.text = receiveMessage.text + "\n" + (str ?? "~")
}
}
//接收characteristic信息
func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didUpdateNotificationStateFor characteristic: CBCharacteristic, error: Error?) {
print("接收characteristic信息")
}
> 另一种连接方式：第三方库，这个库是OC写的。利用点语法，挺方便。
BabyBluetooth
SimpleCoreBluetooth (自己用swift封装的。)
