10.29 norm
英英释义:the usual or normal situation, way of doing sth
例句:In China marrying young is no longer the social norm.
我们熟悉norm一般是常态,规范,标准的意思,在某些语境下还能翻译成见怪不怪,稀疏平常。
“norm” 可以用单数,可以用复数,作单数时一般会用“the norm”,常用作“be/become the norm”。比如;
例1:在很多国家私生子正在变得稀松平常,就可以说:
In many countries, having babies without being married becomes the norm.
翻译:Births out of wedlock are becoming the norm in many countries.
私生子 Births out of wedlock. 非婚生 born out of wedlock
例2:母语非英语国家的国际学校一直都是双语教育,就可以这么说:
In international schools of Non-English speaking countries, bilingual education is the norm.
参考翻译:Bilingual education remains the norm in international schools throughout non-English-speaking countries.
重要的内容放前面bilingual education/ 一直都是remains the norm/在母语非英语国家,用的throughout
例三:男性应该比女性收入高这一情况基本没变,就可以说:
It remains the norm that male’s income is higher than female’s.
参考翻译: The social norm ”men should earn more money than their wives” remains unchanged.
例四:一篇关于虚拟现实和游戏的文章里有这么一句:
Immersive, 360-degree experiences, complete with touch and temperature sensations, should become the norm.
这句话的意思是:“配有触觉和温度感应的浸入式 360° 体验应该成为标配。” 就是说在未来,游戏应该是这个样子的。句子中的这些功能都是和之前的游戏相比而言的,因此句尾的“become the norm”还可以说“become the new norm”,即“成为新常态”。
最后需要注意:“normal”还有一个派生词名词“normality,它和“norm”一样都是名词,但意思有区别。“normality”的意思是正常的状态,比如印尼发生地震后,一种常态都被打破了,因此就有了生活秩序恢复正常(go back to normality)的说法;而“norm”的意思是长期形成的一种规范,它和“exception”(“例外”)相对。
作业:
1. 翻译 有创造力的人往往会挑战,甚至偏离常规,而不是固守常规。(翻译时建议参考《牛津英语搭配词典》)
People with creativity tend to challenge the norm, or even deviate from the norm rather than conforming to norm.
查了字典的配搭表达 挑战规则challenge the norm符合规范conform to norm, 偏离常规deviate/differ from
参考翻译: Creative minds tend to challenge and even deviate from the norm, rather than conform to it.
有创造力的人1. creative minds没有直接用people,
2. Rather than的用法 rather than可以做连词(连词后面可以接动词原型),可以做介词
场景:在华为,每天加班到11点时稀疏平常的。
Working overtime until 11pm becomes the norm in Huawei.