各种开发语言项目环境国内（中国国内加速镜像）配置教程和部分实践经验，包括github.com, nodejs，npm，nvm, yarn, java, maven, gradle, python, m

awesome-env-config-cn

各种开发语言项目环境国内（中国国内加速镜像）配置教程和部分实践经验，包括github.com, nodejs，npm，nvm, yarn, java, maven, gradle, python, mysys2, elasticsearch, php等等，更多正在加入中

源码地址：https://github.com/yunchaoq/awesome-env-config-cn

TODO 待补充的

欢迎大家一起补充

  • ruby
  • pod
  • ...

目录

linux

github

nodejs

nvm

yarn

  • yarn 安装

    官方地址：https://yarnpkg.com/

    • 需要首先安装nodejs
    • 然后使用npm安装yarn或者更新 
      npm i -g yarn 
或者
npm install -g yarn

  • 配置国内源

    yarn config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org

npm

  • npm 默认安装nodejs后就已经有了，使用以下命令查看 
    npm -v
  • npm更新，一下不适用于nvm安装的node 
    npm i -g npm
  • 配置国内源，最简单的一种方式，自动配置淘宝源中多个配置 
    npm install -g mirror-config-china

jdk

maven

gradle

  • gradle 安装

  • gradle 配置

    终极配置，在用户目录下~/.gradle/目录下增加init.gradle文件，内容如下

     allprojects {
    buildscript {
        repositories {
            mavenLocal()
            def NEXUS_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public'
            def jcenter_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'
            def m2_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin'
            def spring_plugin_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin'
            def spring_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring'
            def GOOGLE_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'
            all { ArtifactRepository repo ->
                if(repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository){
                    def url = repo.url.toString()
                    if (url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2') || url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com') ||        url.startsWith('http://mirrors.ibiblio.org')) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $jcenter_URL."
                        remove repo
                    } else if (url.startsWith('https://plugins.gradle.org/m2/')) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $m2_URL."
                        remove repo
                    } else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone/')) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_URL."
                        remove repo
                    } else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/plugins-release/')) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_plugin_URL."
                        remove repo
                    // 这里是安卓相关下载的加速，本地没有出现下载慢的情况，所以这个就屏蔽了
                    //}else if (url.startsWith('https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/')) {
                    //  project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL."
                    //  println("buildscript ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL.")
                    //  remove repo
                    }
                }
            }
            
            maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
            maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring' }
            maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin' }
            maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core" }
            maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots" }
            maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin" }
            maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
            jcenter {
                url jcenter_URL
            }
            maven {
                url NEXUS_URL
            }
        }
    
    }
     repositories {
         mavenLocal()
        def NEXUS_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public'
        def jcenter_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'
        def m2_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin'
        def spring_plugin_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin'
        def spring_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring'
        def GOOGLE_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'
         all { ArtifactRepository repo ->
             if(repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository){
                 def url = repo.url.toString()
                 if (url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2') || url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com') ||       url.startsWith('http://mirrors.ibiblio.org')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $jcenter_URL."
                     remove repo
                 } else if (url.startsWith('https://plugins.gradle.org/m2/')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $m2_URL."
                     remove repo
                 } else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone/')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_URL."
                     remove repo
                 } else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/plugins-release/')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_plugin_URL."
                     remove repo
                // 这里是安卓相关下载的加速，本地没有出现下载慢的情况，所以这个就屏蔽了
                //}else if (url.startsWith('https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/')) {
                //  project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL."
                //  println("buildscript ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL.")
                //  remove repo
                }
             }
         }
         
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
         maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring' }
         maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin' }
        maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core" }
         maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots" }
         maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin" }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
         jcenter {
            url jcenter_URL
        }
        maven {
            url NEXUS_URL
        }
     }
 }

python

  • python 安装
    • windows 系统安装，直接下载安装包
    • linux 系统默认自带python，需要单独安装新版本，linux系统镜像配置请参考linux系统镜像源
      • ubuntu
          sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-cache search python3*
    sudo apt-get install python3.8 # python3.5 python3.6 python3.7 等，python3.8是当前书写的时候最新稳定版本
      • centos
          sudo yum install epel-release -y
    sudo yum -y update
    sudo yum list python3* # 使用此命令查看当前支持的python3版本
    sudo yum install python37 # python35 python36 python37 等，python38是当前书写的时候最新稳定版本

pip

  • pip 安装 python 安装成功后，默认自带pip
  • 阿里云镜像说明，https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/pypi
    • windows 下配置 
      mkdir %USERPROFILE%\.pip\
start %USERPROFILE%\.pip\
      • 在这个目录下创建pip.conf文件（推荐使用notepad++）
        写入内容如下：
      [global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
    • linux 
      mkdir -p ~/.pip
# ubuntu 桌面下可以使用 gedit ~/.pip/pip.conf
# vi 入门可以参考 https://github.com/wsdjeg/vim-galore-zh_cn
vi ~/.pip/pip.conf
      写入内容如下： 
      [global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

miniAnaconda

  • (一般使用miniAnaconda，anaconda占用空间大，土豪可以直接忽略)清华镜像源，这里包括了anaconda的安装配置说明，https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/anaconda/
  • 安装 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/miniconda/ 下载对应的文件执行
    • windows安装
      下载最新的exe文件安装
    • linux安装 
      wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/miniconda/Miniconda3-py38_4.8.3-Linux-x86_64.sh
sh Miniconda3-py38_4.8.3-Linux-x86_64.sh.sh
  • 配置镜像
    • windows 下配置 
      conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
start %USERPROFILE%\
      • 在这个目录下编辑.condarc文件（推荐使用notepad++编辑，如果看不到这个文件，请打开windows系统的隐藏文件选项）
        写入内容如下：
      channels:
  - defaults
show_channel_urls: true
channel_alias: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda
default_channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/pro
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
  conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
    • linux 
      conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
# ubuntu 桌面下可以使用 gedit ~/.condarc
# vi 入门可以参考 https://github.com/wsdjeg/vim-galore-zh_cn
vi ~/.condarc
      写入内容如下： 
      channels:
  - defaults
show_channel_urls: true
channel_alias: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda
default_channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/pro
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
  conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud

elasticsearch

kibana

php

composer

msys2

msys2-qt5

  • msys2 安装，清华镜像，https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/msys2/
  • 配置镜像源
    1. 修改C:\msys64\etc\pacman.d（默认安装在c盘下面）下面得mirrorlist.*文件，把清华镜像相关得移动到最前面
    2. 安装
    # 更新系统包
pacman -Syu
# 基础包
pacman -S --needed base-devel mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake bash wget p7zip pacman pacman-mirrors msys2-runtime
# qt5
pacman -S  mingw-w64-x86_64-clang mingw-w64-x86_64-clang-tools-extra  mingw-w64-x86_64-clang-analyzer mingw-w64-x86_64-qt5  mingw-w64-x86_64-qt-creator
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