Part One Two Systems
1. The Characters of the Story
作者给出了两个体系的定义：
System 1 operates automatically and quickly, with little or no effort and no sense of voluntary control.
System 2 allocates attention to the effortful mental activities that demand it, including complex computations. The operations of System 2 are often associated with the subjective experience of agency, choice, and concentration.
System 2 最大的特点是运行起来需要耗费很大的精力，但是它又很懒惰不愿意多费事。
2. Attention and Effort
作者提出了一个概念叫做 mental effort，它是有一定限度的，因此存在注意力的分配。
3. The Lazy Controller
Mental work consists of two parts: self-control and cognitive effort. And studies show that people who are simultaneously challenged by a demanding cognitive task and by a temptation are more likely to yield to the temptation.
ego depletion: If you have had to force yourself to do something, you are less willing or less able to exert self-control when the next challenge comes around.
The lazy System 2:
One of the main functions of System 2 is to monitor and control thoughts and actions "suggested" by System 1, allowing some to be expressed directly in behavior and suppressing or modifying others.
问题1：How closely does System 2 monitor the suggestions of System 1? (the bat-and-ball problem)
解释：许多人过于自信，过分相信直觉。他们认为动用认知精力是不舒服的，于是尽量避免运用 System 2，而是简单相信 System 1 的直觉性判断。
问题2：What makes some people more susceptible than others to biases of judgement?
有两种解释：1. 跟智力（intelligence）有关，有些人擅长脑力活动，能更好地进行慢思考和费力的运算。2. 与理智（rationality）有关，高智商不能让人避免偏见，"Rationality should be distinguished from intelligence." 懒得运用 System 2 是缺乏理智的表现。
