使用truffle框架部署合约

1 安装truffle framework

$ sudo npm install -g truffle

【注意】先安装node.js
node.js的安装可以参考：https://blog.csdn.net/u014361775/article/details/78865582

查看truffle的版本：
$ truffle version

$ truffle version
Truffle v4.1.13 (core: 4.1.13)
Solidity v0.4.24 (solc-js)

2 通过truffle创建项目

通过truffle init命令创建项目

$ truffle init
Downloading...
Unpacking...
Setting up...
Unbox successful. Sweet!

Commands:

  Compile:        truffle compile
  Migrate:        truffle migrate
  Test contracts: truffle test

创建的项目结构如下：

$ tree
.
└── demo01
    ├── contracts
    │   └── Migrations.sol
    ├── migrations
    │   └── 1_initial_migration.js
    ├── test
    ├── truffle-config.js
    └── truffle.js

3 编写简单的合约

在contracts目录下新建HelloWord.sol文件，内容如下：

pragma solidity ^0.4.4;

contract HelloWorld {
    function test() pure public returns (string) {
        
      return "HelloWorld";
        
    }
}

4 编译合约

打开truffle的控制台：
$ truffle develop

$ truffle develop
Truffle Develop started at http://127.0.0.1:9545/

Accounts:
(0) 0x627306090abab3a6e1400e9345bc60c78a8bef57
(1) 0xf17f52151ebef6c7334fad080c5704d77216b732
(2) 0xc5fdf4076b8f3a5357c5e395ab970b5b54098fef
(3) 0x821aea9a577a9b44299b9c15c88cf3087f3b5544
(4) 0x0d1d4e623d10f9fba5db95830f7d3839406c6af2
(5) 0x2932b7a2355d6fecc4b5c0b6bd44cc31df247a2e
(6) 0x2191ef87e392377ec08e7c08eb105ef5448eced5
(7) 0x0f4f2ac550a1b4e2280d04c21cea7ebd822934b5
(8) 0x6330a553fc93768f612722bb8c2ec78ac90b3bbc
(9) 0x5aeda56215b167893e80b4fe645ba6d5bab767de

Private Keys:
(0) c87509a1c067bbde78beb793e6fa76530b6382a4c0241e5e4a9ec0a0f44dc0d3
(1) ae6ae8e5ccbfb04590405997ee2d52d2b330726137b875053c36d94e974d162f
(2) 0dbbe8e4ae425a6d2687f1a7e3ba17bc98c673636790f1b8ad91193c05875ef1
(3) c88b703fb08cbea894b6aeff5a544fb92e78a18e19814cd85da83b71f772aa6c
(4) 388c684f0ba1ef5017716adb5d21a053ea8e90277d0868337519f97bede61418
(5) 659cbb0e2411a44db63778987b1e22153c086a95eb6b18bdf89de078917abc63
(6) 82d052c865f5763aad42add438569276c00d3d88a2d062d36b2bae914d58b8c8
(7) aa3680d5d48a8283413f7a108367c7299ca73f553735860a87b08f39395618b7
(8) 0f62d96d6675f32685bbdb8ac13cda7c23436f63efbb9d07700d8669ff12b7c4
(9) 8d5366123cb560bb606379f90a0bfd4769eecc0557f1b362dcae9012b548b1e5

Mnemonic: candy maple cake sugar pudding cream honey rich smooth crumble sweet treat

⚠️  Important ⚠️  : This mnemonic was created for you by Truffle. It is not secure.
Ensure you do not use it on production blockchains, or else you risk losing funds.

truffle(develop)>

进行编译
truffle(develop)> compile

truffle(develop)> compile
Compiling ./contracts/HelloWorld.sol...
Compiling ./contracts/Migrations.sol...
Writing artifacts to ./build/contracts

truffle(develop)>

可以在工程目录下看到生成了一个build文件夹，里面是合约的字节码文件。

5 部署合约

在migrations文件夹下新建2_delploy_helloworld.js文件，内容如下：

var HelloWorld = artifacts.require("./HelloWorld.sol");

module.exports = function(deployer) {
  deployer.deploy(HelloWorld);
};

部署命令：
truffle(develop)> migrate

如果是第二次编译，则用：
truffle(develop)> migrate --reset

truffle(develop)> migrate
Using network 'develop'.

Running migration: 1_initial_migration.js
  Deploying Migrations...
  ... 0x2a589420b8302c5a42a4ac8065eced8946bab4d5117c326f9ef2769b1f501df4
  Migrations: 0x8cdaf0cd259887258bc13a92c0a6da92698644c0
Saving successful migration to network...
  ... 0xd7bc86d31bee32fa3988f1c1eabce403a1b5d570340a3a9cdba53a472ee8c956
Saving artifacts...
Running migration: 2_deploy_helloworld.js
  Deploying HelloWorld...
  ... 0xd30c20c3e026487cc36b9c048226896437210725999f505c38b58b08e2541f1a
  HelloWorld: 0x345ca3e014aaf5dca488057592ee47305d9b3e10
Saving successful migration to network...
  ... 0xf36163615f41ef7ed8f4a8f192149a0bf633fe1a2398ce001bf44c43dc7bdda0
Saving artifacts...
truffle(develop)>

6 调用合约中的方法

truffle(develop)> let contract;
undefined
truffle(develop)> contract = HelloWorld.deployed().then(instance => contract = instance)
TruffleContract {
  constructor:
   { [Function: TruffleContract]
     _static_methods:
      { setProvider: [Function: setProvider],
        new: [Function: new],
        at: [Function: at],
        deployed: [Function: deployed],
        defaults: [Function: defaults],
        hasNetwork: [Function: hasNetwork],
        isDeployed: [Function: isDeployed],
        detectNetwork: [Function: detectNetwork],
        setNetwork: [Function: setNetwork],
        resetAddress: [Function: resetAddress],
        link: [Function: link],
        clone: [Function: clone],
        addProp: [Function: addProp],
        toJSON: [Function: toJSON] },
     _properties:
      { contract_name: [Object],
        contractName: [Object],
        abi: [Object],
        network: [Function: network],
        networks: [Function: networks],
        address: [Object],
        transactionHash: [Object],
        links: [Function: links],
        events: [Function: events],
        binary: [Function: binary],
        deployedBinary: [Function: deployedBinary],
        unlinked_binary: [Object],
        bytecode: [Object],
        deployedBytecode: [Object],
        sourceMap: [Object],
        deployedSourceMap: [Object],
        source: [Object],
        sourcePath: [Object],
        legacyAST: [Object],
        ast: [Object],
        compiler: [Object],
        schema_version: [Function: schema_version],
        schemaVersion: [Function: schemaVersion],
        updated_at: [Function: updated_at],
        updatedAt: [Function: updatedAt] },
     _property_values: {},
     _json:
      { contractName: 'HelloWorld',
        abi: [Array],
        bytecode:
         '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',
        deployedBytecode:
         '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',
        sourceMap:
         '25:125:0:-;;;;8:9:-1;5:2;;;30:1;27;20:12;5:2;25:125:0;;;;;;;',
        deployedSourceMap:
         '25:125:0:-;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;51:97;;8:9:-1;5:2;;;30:1;27;20:12;5:2;51:97:0;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;23:1:-1;8:100;33:3;30:1;27:10;8:100;;;99:1;94:3;90:11;84:18;80:1;75:3;71:11;64:39;52:2;49:1;45:10;40:15;;8:100;;;12:14;51:97:0;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;88:6;113:19;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;51:97;:::o',
        source:
         'pragma solidity ^0.4.4;\n\ncontract HelloWorld {\n    function test() pure public returns (string) {\n        \n      return "HelloWorld";\n        \n    }\n}',
        sourcePath: '/home/fc/work/truffledemo/demo01/contracts/HelloWorld.sol',
        ast: [Object],
        legacyAST: [Object],
        compiler: [Object],
        networks: [Object],
        schemaVersion: '2.0.1',
        updatedAt: '2018-07-06T08:10:23.913Z' },
     setProvider: [Function: bound setProvider],
     new: [Function: bound new],
     at: [Function: bound at],
     deployed: [Function: bound deployed],
     defaults: [Function: bound defaults],
     hasNetwork: [Function: bound hasNetwork],
     isDeployed: [Function: bound isDeployed],
     detectNetwork: [Function: bound detectNetwork],
     setNetwork: [Function: bound setNetwork],
     resetAddress: [Function: bound resetAddress],
     link: [Function: bound link],
     clone: [Function: bound clone],
     addProp: [Function: bound addProp],
     toJSON: [Function: bound toJSON],
     web3:
      Web3 {
        _requestManager: [RequestManager],
        currentProvider: [Provider],
        eth: [Eth],
        db: [DB],
        shh: [Shh],
        net: [Net],
        personal: [Personal],
        bzz: [Swarm],
        settings: [Settings],
        version: [Object],
        providers: [Object],
        _extend: [Function] },
     class_defaults:
      { from: '0x627306090abab3a6e1400e9345bc60c78a8bef57',
        gas: 6721975,
        gasPrice: 100000000000 },
     currentProvider:
      HttpProvider {
        host: 'http://127.0.0.1:9545/',
        timeout: 0,
        user: undefined,
        password: undefined,
        headers: undefined,
        send: [Function],
        sendAsync: [Function],
        _alreadyWrapped: true },
     network_id: '4447' },
  abi:
   [ { constant: true,
       inputs: [],
       name: 'test',
       outputs: [Array],
       payable: false,
       stateMutability: 'pure',
       type: 'function' } ],
  contract:
   Contract {
     _eth:
      Eth {
        _requestManager: [RequestManager],
        getBalance: [Function],
        getStorageAt: [Function],
        getCode: [Function],
        getBlock: [Function],
        getUncle: [Function],
        getCompilers: [Function],
        getBlockTransactionCount: [Function],
        getBlockUncleCount: [Function],
        getTransaction: [Function],
        getTransactionFromBlock: [Function],
        getTransactionReceipt: [Function],
        getTransactionCount: [Function],
        call: [Function],
        estimateGas: [Function],
        sendRawTransaction: [Function],
        signTransaction: [Function],
        sendTransaction: [Function],
        sign: [Function],
        compile: [Object],
        submitWork: [Function],
        getWork: [Function],
        coinbase: [Getter],
        getCoinbase: [Function],
        mining: [Getter],
        getMining: [Function],
        hashrate: [Getter],
        getHashrate: [Function],
        syncing: [Getter],
        getSyncing: [Function],
        gasPrice: [Getter],
        getGasPrice: [Function],
        accounts: [Getter],
        getAccounts: [Function],
        blockNumber: [Getter],
        getBlockNumber: [Function],
        protocolVersion: [Getter],
        getProtocolVersion: [Function],
        iban: [Function],
        sendIBANTransaction: [Function: bound transfer] },
     transactionHash: null,
     address: '0x345ca3e014aaf5dca488057592ee47305d9b3e10',
     abi: [ [Object] ],
     test:
      { [Function: bound ]
        request: [Function: bound ],
        call: [Function: bound ],
        sendTransaction: [Function: bound ],
        estimateGas: [Function: bound ],
        getData: [Function: bound ],
        '': [Circular] },
     allEvents: [Function: bound ] },
  test:
   { [Function]
     call: [Function],
     sendTransaction: [Function],
     request: [Function: bound ],
     estimateGas: [Function] },
  sendTransaction: [Function],
  send: [Function],
  allEvents: [Function: bound ],
  address: '0x345ca3e014aaf5dca488057592ee47305d9b3e10',
  transactionHash: null }
truffle(develop)>

合约部署成功之后，调用合约：

truffle(develop)> contract.test();
'HelloWorld'
truffle(develop)>